[讨论]Which的用法总结

黄公子

Which经常会考到，而且经常是错误答案，不知哪位又没有对which这个考点做过详细总结或者有什么心得可以分享，我们在这里汇总和讨论下吧.我先抛个砖.

实战中出现了which非限定性从句要警惕是不是有which就近指代的错误.

SVO，which
                        VO（which
                             后接不完整句子，which
                             在从句中作名词性成分，指代前句宾语）；

SVO
                        prep +
                        which
                        VO（介词+which
                             后接完整句子，prep+which
                             作宾语补足语，which
                             指代前句宾语）；

SVO，some/%/数字[百分比结构]
                        +
                        of
                        which
                        VO（which
                             后接不完整句子，百分比结构+which
                             作名词性成分，which
                             指代前句宾语）。

注意：看到prep+ which  的选项，指prep+ which  指代的名词性成分放在子句末理解，看句意是否流畅。

GMAT考试中出现介系词+which优先考虑

Which+非限制性定语从句 ,可加介词,可跳跃修饰,

Which不能跟在名词后面，要逗号隔开

which不能指代一句话

Which+非限  看which指代谁
                        再判断主谓搭配

介+which>where

Under which, 表示协议，法律，制度通常与介词under连用

at
                                which
                                     搭配rate    

in which case 在这种情况下

欢迎大家讨论，我觉得which指代问题很容易出错，哪位NN能补充下这部分

  

  

CECILIAJC

可否解答一下这道和which有关的题：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=338413&page=2

sharkangle

用逗号隔开是非限制性定从的特征

黄公子

以下是引用CECILIAJC在2008-8-4 22:56:00的发言：
可否解答一下这道和which有关的题：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=338413&page=2

题目我贴过来了

The electronics company has unveiled what it claims to be the world’s smallest network digital camcorder, the length of which is that of a handheld computer, and it weighs less than 11 ounces.

B.    to be the smallest network digital camcorder in the world, which is as long as a handheld computer, weighing

D.    is the world’s smallest network digital camcorder, which is as long as a handheld computer and weighs

你的问题是，which能否跳过in the world修饰digitl camcorder?

B.    to be the smallest network digital camcorder in the world, which is as long as a handheld computer, weighing

D.    is the world’s smallest network digital camcorder, which is as long as a handheld computer and weighs

你的问题是，which能否跳过in the world修饰digitl camcorder?

查了很多Prep中的题目，基本上都是靠近修饰优先。也有例外。我举几个例子

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-8-5 10:38:28编辑过]

黄公子

150 . The
        computer
        company
        has
        announced
        that
        it
        will
        purchase
        the
        color-printing
            division
            of
            a
            rival company
            for
            $950
            million,
            which
            is
            part
            of
            a
                deal
            that
            will
            make
            it
            the
            largest
                manufacturer
            in
            the
            office color-printing
            market.

(A)
            million,
            which
            is
            part
            of
            a
            deal
            that
            will
            make

 

 (A)
            which指代million错误。

 

黄公子

96。
             In
        some
        species
        of
        cricket，
             the
        number
            of
            chirps
            per
            minute
            used
            by
            the
            male
            for
            attracting
            females

rise
        and
            fall
        in
        accordance
        with
            the
        surrounding
        temperature，
             and
        they
        can
        in
            fact
        serve
        as
        an approximate
        thermometer。

(A)
            for
            attracting
            females
            rise
            and
            fall
            in
            accordance
            with
            the
            surrounding
            temperature，
        and
        they
        can
        in
        fact serve

(B)
            for
            attracting
            females
            rises
            and
            falls
            in
            accordance
            with
            the
            surrounding
            temperature，
             which
        can
        in
        fact serve

(C)
            in
            attracting
            females
            rise
            and
                fall
            in
            accordance
            with
            the
            surrounding
            temperature，
             in
        fact
        possibly serving

(D)
            to
            attract
            females
            rises
            and
                falls
            in
            accordance
            with
            the
            surrounding
            temperature，
             and
        it
        can
        in
        fact serve

(E)
            to
            attract
            females
            rises
            and
                falls
            in
            accordance
            with
            the
            surrounding
            temperature，
             in
        fact
            possibly serving

 

(B)
            for
            doing使用错误，
             which就近指代temperature，导致逻辑错误

(D)  正确，
             注意到了主动词一致；
             使用to
        do表示目的更加有效；
             用and连接句子，
             意思符合逻辑

黄公子

69。
                 The
            proliferation
            of
            so-called
            cybersquatters,
                people
                who
                register
                the
                Internet
                domain
                names
                of high-profile
                companies
                in
                hopes
                of
                reselling
                the
                rights
                to
                those
                names
                for
                a
                profit,
                led
                to
                passing
                the

Anti-Cybersquatting
            Consumer
            Protection
                Act
            in
            1999,
            allowing
            companies
            to
            seek
            up
            to
            $100,000
            in

damages
            against
            those
                who
            register
            domain
            names
            with
            the
            sole
            intent
            of
            selling
            them
            later.

(A)
                passing
                the
                Anti-Cybersquatting
                Consumer
                Protection
                Act
                in
                1999,
                allowing
                companies
                to
                seek
                up
                to

$100,000
            in
            damages
            against
            those
            who
            register
            domain
            names
            with
            the
            sole
            intent
            of
            selling

(C)
                the
                passage
                in
                1999
                of
                the
                Anti-Cybersquatting
                Consumer
                Protection
                Act,
                which
                allows
                companies
                to seek
                up
                to
                $100,000
                in
                damages
                against
                those
                who
                register
                domain
                names
                with
                the
                sole
                intent
                of
                selling

(C)  正确，
             lead
        to
        the
        passage强调了结果；which非限定形容词子句修饰Act，意思表达清楚；时间形容词in

1999紧靠修饰对象the
        passage，修饰无歧意；用of
        selling修饰名词intent表达正确

黄公子

33。
             More
        than
        300
        rivers
        drain
            into
        Siberia's
        Lake
            Baikal,
        which
        holds
        20
        percent
        of
        the
        world's
        fresh

water,
        more
        than
        all
        the
        North
            American
        Great
        Lakes
        combined.

(A)
            More
            than
            300
            rivers
            drain
            into
                Siberia's
            Lake
                Baikal,
            which
            holds
            20
            percent
            of
            the
            world's
            fresh
            water, more
            than
            all
            the
            North
            American
            Great
            Lakes
            combined.

 

 (A)  正确，
             非限定形容词子句which
        holds…就近修饰Lake
        Baikal；
             more
        than
        all
        the…作为20
        percent
        of
        the world’s
        fresh
        water的同位语，意思清晰，结构简单

黄公子

33。
             More
        than
        300
        rivers
        drain
            into
        Siberia's
        Lake
            Baikal,
        which
        holds
        20
        percent
        of
        the
        world's
        fresh

water,
        more
        than
        all
        the
        North
            American
        Great
            Lakes
        combined.

(A)
            More
            than
            300
            rivers
            drain
            into
                Siberia's
            Lake
                Baikal,
            which
            holds
            20
            percent
            of
            the
            world's
            fresh
            water, more
            than
            all
            the
            North
            American
            Great
            Lakes
            combined.

 

 (A)  正确，
             非限定形容词子句which
        holds…就近修饰Lake
        Baikal；
             more
        than
        all
        the…作为20
        percent
        of
        the world’s
        fresh
        water的同位语，意思清晰，结构简单

黄公子

 

110。
            The
        federal
        immigration
        station
        on
        Ellis
                Island,
        which
        was
        first
        opened
        in
        1892,
        then
            rebuilt
        in
        1900,

processing
        nearly
        three
            quarters
        of
        all
        immigrants
        entering
        the
        United
                States
        in
        the
        first
        quarter
        of
        the

twentieth century。

(A)
            The
            federal
            immigration
            station
            on
            Ellis
            Island,
            which
            was
            first
            opened
            in
            1892,
            then
            rebuilt
            in
            1900, processing
            nearly
            three
            quarters
            of
            all
            immigrants
            entering
            the
            United
            States
            in
            the
            first
            quarter
            of
            the twentieth
            century。

(D)
            First
            opened
            in
            1892,
            then
            rebuilt
            in
            1900,
            the
            federal
            immigration
            station
            on
            Ellis
            Island
            processed
            nearly three
            quarters
            of
            all
            immigrants
            entering
            the
            United
            States
            in
            the
            first
            quarter
            of
            the
            twentieth
            century。

 

 (A)
            which引導形容詞子句修飾主詞immigration
        station，句子缺少動詞，現在分詞processing應改為動詞形式

processed。

 (D)  正確，句子句子主詞是the
        federal
        immigration
        station，由兩個過去分詞定語修飾，動詞是processed。

例外是这题，不过A选项是错的，所以也不清楚，是否A的which也有就近指代错误。作者没有在这里说明清楚.