[原创]总结“-ing分词短语”在句中的用法

calla

一、“逗号+ ing分词”短语

1、修饰前面的句子，表示伴随或结果。这方面例子比较多，我就不举例了。

2、做插入语，位于句中就近修饰名词，是非限定性修饰语。如OG258题的B选项。

258.  The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.

(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning

(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning

(C) that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned

(D) the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning（A）

(E) the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned

OG解释说B选项giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo是非限定性修饰，这种情况 下the structure of noted... that the elephant, giving rides ..., had been earning falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant--that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not new information.

3、放在一个句子（包括从句）的句末，修饰前面句子的主语。却不是就近修饰句子的宾语。如OG的256题和120题

256. The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(A)  The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(B)   To the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote two letters, being the only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

(C)  The only eyewitness account is in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

(D)  Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder's nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(E)   In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

In B, the verb phrase that begins being the only eyewitness accounts modifies the subject of the preceding clause, suggesting non­sensically that the nephew of Pliny the Elder himself was the eyewitness accounts.

120. The Parthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.

(A)  who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as

(B)   who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like

(C)   who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like

(D)  who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be

(E)   establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as

in E, establishing and using modify Athens, thus producing an absurd statement

“逗号+ing分词放在句末修饰宾语的例子好像很少，目前我还未见到，如果有谁见到，请指出。我觉得，如果想要用非限定性修饰语修饰宾语最好用定于从句，用“逗号+ing分词”容易引起歧义。

二、“n.+分词短语”（中间没有逗号”）

就近修饰名词，做限定性修饰语。如OG237

237. It seems likely that a number of astronomical phenomena, such as the formation of planetary nebulas, may be caused by the interaction where two stars orbit each other at close range.

(A)  may be caused by the interaction where two stars orbit each other

(B)  may be caused by the interaction between two stars that each orbit the other

(C)  are because of the interaction between two stars that orbit each other

(D)  are caused by the interaction of two stars where each is orbiting the other

(E)   are caused by the interaction of two stars orbiting each other

   选E

恩，大概就是这么多了，有没有NN补充或者提出不同意见呢？

Avantasia

肯定一下! 好贴!

brace

谢谢MM 的总结。 另外， 补充一个链接

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=48928

又一个语法考点的总结（现在分词伴随状语的正反向考法）

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-30 0:42:27编辑过]

zhoushao

谢谢MM！

drunkbear

谢谢好贴

IceOnMe

偶觉得是关键看要修饰的名词还是一个句子

修饰名词的话限制定语首选that 非限制首选,which   在题目中(做为考点的话)一般是这样来优先及, 但用ing修饰的也是可以的.(如:caused by the interaction of two stars orbiting each other=which orbit each other)

但如果要修饰一个句子的话就只能用VING了,做伴随状语,或者是分词独立结构

盼指正

Avantasia

"修饰名词的话限制定语首选that 非限制首选,which   在题目中(做为考点的话)一般是这样来优先及, 但用ing修饰的也是可以的."

如果是这样的话, 估计谁也不敢用, 因为这样排除的风险太大, 即使用了也绝对是提心吊胆. OG告诉我们, 这两个的选择完全基于句意和逻辑, 没有什么首选.

小女公子

nice 东东……

我的分享

n，现在分词<n which 253
一个句子+逗号+分词，分词修饰就近的名词
N+逗号+插入语+逗号+分词，分词是可以修饰N的。当然，是否最佳，是否最清晰，看情况 253
N，句子（插入语），that 因为that不能做非限定修饰，所以that强行指向N，而不是the nearest noun。这个强行指向是否合乎逻辑，临场判断。

IceOnMe

以下是引用Avantasia在2005-5-1 13:36:00的发言：

"修饰名词的话限制定语首选that 非限制首选,which   在题目中(做为考点的话)一般是这样来优先及, 但用ing修饰的也是可以的."

如果是这样的话, 估计谁也不敢用, 因为这样排除的风险太大, 即使用了也绝对是提心吊胆. OG告诉我们, 这两个的选择完全基于句意和逻辑, 没有什么首选.

但偶觉得首选项这个还是存在的,但不是作为排除项,我的意思是,比如划线前是个名词,选项2个that开头,3个ving开头,我会先去竖着看that 如果都错再看ving.

Avantasia

虚虚实实, 实实虚虚.

每个人做题的思路可能有差异, 自己觉得可以就行.