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dursy

这篇文章基本未讨论过,可我却错了很多,恳请NN 帮忙看看吧

Passage 28 (28/63)

The settlement of the United States has occupied (occupy: to engage the attention or energies of)
                traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion. From the perspective of women’s history, Turner’s exclusively masculine assumptions constitute a major drawback: his defenders and critics alike have reconstructed men’s, not women’s, lives on the frontier. However, precisely because of this masculine orientation, revising the Frontier Thesis by focusing on women’s experience introduces new themes into women’s history—woman as lawmaker and entrepreneur—and, consequently, new interpretations of women’s relationship to capital, labor, and statute.(准确的解释??)

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to midtwentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’s spell (a strong compelling influence or attraction). In their works these authors tended to glorify women’s contributions to frontier life. Western women, in Turnerian tradition, were a fiercely independent, capable, and durable lot (a number of associated persons: SET), free from (free from: adv.没有...的) the constraints binding their eastern sisters. This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes. In Turnerian terminology, the frontier had furnished “a gate of escape from the bondage of the past.”

By the middle of the twentieth century, the Frontier Thesis
                    fell into (fall into: v.落入, 陷于(混乱,错误等)) disfavor among historians. Later, Reactionist writers took the view that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations. The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Stasist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East. In one now-standard text, Faragher demonstrated the persistence of the “cult of true womanhood” and the illusionary quality of change on the westward journey.(准确的解释???) Recently the Stasist position has been revised but not entirely discounted by new research.

4.     According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?

I.      A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.     A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.   A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III

II是从哪儿定位出来的???

5.     It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?

(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.

哪儿可以定位到D ???

6.     Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.

(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.

(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.

(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）

(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.

这篇文章有描写"ways in which it has been revised are described",我觉得D会不会相对好一些呢?

7.     Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?

(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.

为什么选D ,我选了A ,郁闷!!!???

dursy

怎么没人帮忙呢?我顶

顾风

如果一篇文章里面错误比较多，通常是您对文章的结构和内容把握不清，可以试试精读这篇文章，尝试把它翻译一下。。。最好再做个逻辑简图

dursy

谢谢提醒,但这些我已经都做过了,可对于本篇文章,我就是选不出来正确答案,烦请指点

helenyu529

以下是引用dursy在2006-8-26 18:12:00的发言：

这篇文章基本未讨论过,可我却错了很多,恳请NN 帮忙看看吧

Passage 28 (28/63)

The settlement of the United States has occupied (occupy: to engage the attention or energies of)
    traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion. From the perspective of women’s history, Turner’s exclusively masculine assumptions constitute a major drawback: his defenders and critics alike have reconstructed men’s, not women’s, lives on the frontier. However, precisely because of this masculine orientation, revising the Frontier Thesis by focusing on women’s experience introduces new themes into women’s history—woman as lawmaker and entrepreneur—and, consequently, new interpretations of women’s relationship to capital, labor, and statute.(准确的解释??)

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to midtwentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’s spell (a strong compelling influence or attraction). In their works these authors tended to glorify women’s contributions to frontier life. Western women, in Turnerian tradition, were a fiercely independent, capable, and durable lot (a number of associated persons: SET), free from (free from: adv.没有...的) the constraints binding their eastern sisters. This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes. In Turnerian terminology, the frontier had furnished “a gate of escape from the bondage of the past.”

By the middle of the twentieth century, the Frontier Thesis
     fell into (fall into: v.落入, 陷于(混乱,错误等)) disfavor among historians. Later, Reactionist writers took the view that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations. The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Stasist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East. In one now-standard text, Faragher demonstrated the persistence of the “cult of true womanhood” and the illusionary quality of change on the westward journey.(准确的解释???) Recently the Stasist position has been revised but not entirely discounted by new research.

4.     According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?

I.      A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.     A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.   A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III

II是从哪儿定位出来的???

答：第4题定位于文章第二段开头：Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. （I） He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change （II）.

为什么frontier=geographical expansion, 请见文章第一段的定义： ...Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion.

5.     It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?

(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.

哪儿可以定位到D ???

答：定位于文章第三段：Later, Reactionist writers took the view that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that
                                    intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.

6.     Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.

(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.

(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.

(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）

(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.

这篇文章有描写"ways in which it has been revised are described",我觉得D会不会相对好一些呢?

答：我也不明白。

7.     Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?

(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.

为什么选D ,我选了A ,郁闷!!!???

答：定位于第三段：The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Stasist school, which sidestepped （avoid, to move out of the way of) the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East.

gracezz

6.     Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.

(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.

(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.

(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）D里面这个 controversial不对，因为作者开头说这个理论不是occupied了吗。所以说它并不具有争议，只是作者认为有需要推敲的地方，而且没有写viewpoints for it...





(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.

这篇文章有描写"ways in which it has been revised are described",我觉得D会不会相对好一些呢?

双鱼游

The settlement of the United States has occupied  traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion. From the perspective of women’s history, Turner’s exclusively masculine assumptions constitute a major drawback: his defenders and critics alike have reconstructed men’s, not women’s, lives on the frontier. However, precisely because of this masculine orientation, revising the Frontier Thesis by focusing on women’s experience introduces new themes into women’s history—woman as lawmaker and entrepreneur—and, consequently, new interpretations of women’s relationship to capital, labor, and statute.
文章第一段大致在讲 Turner 这个人形成了Frontier Thesis 这个理论，然后介绍了这个理论的缺点，后来however，转折说由于这个缺点，修改这个理论引进了新的主题。

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.Most novelists and historians writing in the early to midtwentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’s spell (a strong compelling influence or attraction). In their works these authors tended to glorify women’s contributions to frontier life. Western women, in Turnerian tradition, were a fiercely independent, capable, and durable lot (a number of associated persons: SET), free from (free from: adv.没有...的) the constraints binding their eastern sisters. This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes. In Turnerian terminology, the frontier had furnished “a gate of escape from the bondage of the past.”
第二段在说Turner 的理论，他列举了美国西部的frontier的种种好处，然后说most novelists and historians 也深受Turner理论的影响，接着又说，西部的女人们独立。。。等等特点，这也说明了frontier为西部的妇女们提供了和谐融洽的环境，总之这段就是在说Turner认为frontier就是好！

By the middle of the twentieth century, the Frontier Thesis fell into disfavor among historians. Later, Reactionist writers took the view that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations. The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Stasist school（注意school还可以表示学派的意思）, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East. In one now-standard text, Faragher demonstrated the persistence of the “cult of true womanhood” and the illusionary quality of change on the westward journey. Recently the Stasist position has been revised but not entirely discounted by new research.
这一段讲Frontier 的理论开始不被历史学家喜欢，随后，出现Reactionist 的另一种观点，即frontier的妇女是孤独的难民，之后妇女运动又引出了另一个理论Stasist school，这个观点认为frontier的妇女和东边的妇女一个样，黄色部分的字都是在说Stasist school的观点
1.The primary purpose of the passage is toB 本文针对妇女的经历介绍了三种观点，所以选B

(A) provide a framework within which the history of women in nineteenth-century America can be organized

(B) discuss divergent interpretations of women’s experience on the western frontier

(C) introduce a new hypothesis about women’s experience in nineteenth-century America

(D) advocate an empirical approach to women’s experience on the western frontier（B）

(E) resolve ambiguities in several theories about women’s experience on the western frontier
2.Which of the following can be inferred about the novelists and historians mentioned in lines 19-20?B 这个题主要理解fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.


fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.

(B) They assumed that the frontier had offered more opportunities to women than had the East.

(C) They included accurate information about women’s experiences on the frontier.

(D) They underestimated the endurance and fortitude of frontier women.（B）

(E) They agreed with some of Turner’s assumptions about frontier women, but disagreed with other assumptions that he made.

3.Which of the following, if true, would provide additional evidence for the Stasists’ argument as it is described in the passage?D
这个题定位到最后一段，Stasist的观点是认为，西部的妇女和东部的一样，题目是问那个选项 provide additional evidence ,也就是问加强，D说西部的妇女和东部的妇女接受的劳动补助都一样


(A) Frontier women relied on smaller support groups of relatives and friends in the West than they had in the East.

(B) The urban frontier in the West offered more occupational opportunity than the agricultural frontier offered.

(C) Women participated more fully in the economic decisions of the family group in the West than they had in the East.

(D) Western women received financial compensation for labor that was comparable to what women received in the East.（D）

(E) Western women did not have an effect on divorce laws, but lawmakers in the West were more responsive to women’s concerns than lawmakers in the East were.



4.According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?D
本题定位在第二段，介绍Turner的观点，下面的这句话提到了I，II选项，Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.
I.A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III


5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.





2.Which of the following can be inferred about the novelists and historians mentioned in lines 19-20?B 这个题主要理解fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.


fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.

(B) They assumed that the frontier had offered more opportunities to women than had the East.

(C) They included accurate information about women’s experiences on the frontier.

(D) They underestimated the endurance and fortitude of frontier women.（B）

(E) They agreed with some of Turner’s assumptions about frontier women, but disagreed with other assumptions that he made.

3.Which of the following, if true, would provide additional evidence for the Stasists’ argument as it is described in the passage?D
这个题定位到最后一段，Stasist的观点是认为，西部的妇女和东部的一样，题目是问那个选项 provide additional evidence ,也就是问加强，D说西部的妇女和东部的妇女接受的劳动补助都一样


(A) Frontier women relied on smaller support groups of relatives and friends in the West than they had in the East.

(B) The urban frontier in the West offered more occupational opportunity than the agricultural frontier offered.

(C) Women participated more fully in the economic decisions of the family group in the West than they had in the East.

(D) Western women received financial compensation for labor that was comparable to what women received in the East.（D）

(E) Western women did not have an effect on divorce laws, but lawmakers in the West were more responsive to women’s concerns than lawmakers in the East were.



4.According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?D
本题定位在第二段，介绍Turner的观点，下面的这句话提到了I，II选项，Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.
I.A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III


5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.



1.The primary purpose of the passage is toB 本文针对妇女的经历介绍了三种观点，所以选B

(A) provide a framework within which the history of women in nineteenth-century America can be organized

(B) discuss divergent interpretations of women’s experience on the western frontier

(C) introduce a new hypothesis about women’s experience in nineteenth-century America

(D) advocate an empirical approach to women’s experience on the western frontier（B）

(E) resolve ambiguities in several theories about women’s experience on the western frontier
2.Which of the following can be inferred about the novelists and historians mentioned in lines 19-20?B 这个题主要理解fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.


fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.

(B) They assumed that the frontier had offered more opportunities to women than had the East.

(C) They included accurate information about women’s experiences on the frontier.

(D) They underestimated the endurance and fortitude of frontier women.（B）

(E) They agreed with some of Turner’s assumptions about frontier women, but disagreed with other assumptions that he made.

3.Which of the following, if true, would provide additional evidence for the Stasists’ argument as it is described in the passage?D
这个题定位到最后一段，Stasist的观点是认为，西部的妇女和东部的一样，题目是问那个选项 provide additional evidence ,也就是问加强，D说西部的妇女和东部的妇女接受的劳动补助都一样


(A) Frontier women relied on smaller support groups of relatives and friends in the West than they had in the East.

(B) The urban frontier in the West offered more occupational opportunity than the agricultural frontier offered.

(C) Women participated more fully in the economic decisions of the family group in the West than they had in the East.

(D) Western women received financial compensation for labor that was comparable to what women received in the East.（D）

(E) Western women did not have an effect on divorce laws, but lawmakers in the West were more responsive to women’s concerns than lawmakers in the East were.



4.According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?D
本题定位在第二段，介绍Turner的观点，下面的这句话提到了I，II选项，Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.
I.A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III


5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.





2.Which of the following can be inferred about the novelists and historians mentioned in lines 19-20?B 这个题主要理解fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.


fell under Turner’s spell这句话，fell under sb‘s spell 就是深深被别的东西吸引，因此novelists and historians 的观点和Turner的观点是一致的，都是人为frontier对妇女好，原文的这句话This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist (sexist: n.男性至上主义者) attitudes
(A) They misunderstood the powerful influence of constrictive stereotypes on women in the East.

(B) They assumed that the frontier had offered more opportunities to women than had the East.

(C) They included accurate information about women’s experiences on the frontier.

(D) They underestimated the endurance and fortitude of frontier women.（B）

(E) They agreed with some of Turner’s assumptions about frontier women, but disagreed with other assumptions that he made.

3.Which of the following, if true, would provide additional evidence for the Stasists’ argument as it is described in the passage?D
这个题定位到最后一段，Stasist的观点是认为，西部的妇女和东部的一样，题目是问那个选项 provide additional evidence ,也就是问加强，D说西部的妇女和东部的妇女接受的劳动补助都一样


(A) Frontier women relied on smaller support groups of relatives and friends in the West than they had in the East.

(B) The urban frontier in the West offered more occupational opportunity than the agricultural frontier offered.

(C) Women participated more fully in the economic decisions of the family group in the West than they had in the East.

(D) Western women received financial compensation for labor that was comparable to what women received in the East.（D）

(E) Western women did not have an effect on divorce laws, but lawmakers in the West were more responsive to women’s concerns than lawmakers in the East were.



4.According to the passage, Turner makes which of the following connections in his Frontier Thesis?D
本题定位在第二段，介绍Turner的观点，下面的这句话提到了I，II选项，Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change.
I.A connection between American individualism and economic equality

II.A connection between geographical expansion and social change

III.A connection between social change and financial prosperity

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only（D）

(E) I, II and III


5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




5.It can be inferred that which of the following statements is consistent with the Reactionist position as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在最后一段，Reactionist 的观点认为that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D



that frontier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations.所以选D


(A) Continuity, not change, marked women’s lives as they moved from East to West.

(B) Women’s experience on the North American frontier has not received enough attention from modern historians.

(C) Despite its rigors, the frontier offered women opportunities that had not been available in the East.

(D) Gender relations were more difficult for women in the West than they were in the East.（D）

(E) Women on the North American frontier adopted new roles while at the same time reaffirming traditional roles.
6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




6.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?BC


(A) A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
文中没有提到现象


(B) Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
前半句对，但是后半句错，因为并没有提出新的假设，文章的最后只不过是说Stasist的观点被修改了。


(C) An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
文章第一段就是说的Turner的观点，并且说他的观点造成的影响，第三段又提出了和他观点不同的其他理论


(D) A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.（C）
并没有说Turner的观点controversial，而且也没有说支持他的观点


(E) A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
没有提到Turner观点的correctness
7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.




7.Which of the following is true of the Stasist School as it is described in the passage?D
本题定位在第三段， 即sidestepped the good bad dichotomy ，主要理解sidestep译为避免，回避，这句话就是说回避好坏二分法


(A) It provides new interpretations of women’s relationship to work and the law.没说到

(B) It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.

(C) It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women’s experience.

(D) It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.（D）

(E) It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.

典座

这篇我也错了好多，尝试翻译一下（虽然很不会翻译，请指教翻译不足的地方）——

自从1893FJT发表了他的前沿理论，传统史学家就在关注美国殖民地问题。前沿理论根据西部扩张，解释了美国的发展。从透视妇女的历史，T单一的男性视角（masculine assumptions）构成了一个主要问题：他的拥护者和批评者都是重建了男人的前沿生活，而不是女人。但是，准确的来说因为这种男性视角，通过关注新的文章里描述的女性的经历——女人作为法律制定者和企业家——回顾前沿理论，并且最后女人和产能，工人，和地位有了新的解释。

T宣称前沿（先进？）产生了个人主义，个人主义是美国文化的一个特点（Hallmark），并且促进了民主制度和经济平等(individualism and economic equality)。他认为前沿是一个社会改革（social change）的载体。（第四题I和II）当他们把女人作为一个整体，大多数小说家和历史学家写的关于20世纪中期在西部的妇女，都受到了T的影响（fell under ...spell）。在他们的文章里，这些作者赞美妇女的前沿生活。在T的传统里，西部妇女，是一群独立，有能力并且很坚韧（durable 持久，耐用）的人，没有她们东部姐妹们的束缚。这个解释意味着西部产生了一个整体环境，女人们对自己的目标有了觉醒，没有了老套陈旧的和性别区别的态度。在T的术语里，前沿被形容成“一个逃避过去束缚的大门”。

在20世纪中叶，前沿理论不被一些历史学家看好。后期，反动分子or保守论作假认为，前沿的女人是孤独的，从充满敌意的环境中逃离的人，这种人加强了男女性别关系的坏的方面。1970年代女性运动的复兴导致了St学派（的成立），这个学派回避了好与坏的二分法，认为前沿女性和东部女性生活方式一样。在一个现在正统文章里，F展示了“对真正女性的崇拜”的坚持，以及西部旅途中虚幻的变化。近期的St学派观点有所改变，但新的研究不能完全否定这一观点。