12.17一战归来，分享机经攒人品！！！！

71873740

第一次GMAT考试，完全当试水啦。下面把记得住的东西分享分享，为二战攒人品。
先说数学部分吧，狗狗中了一部分，但好多还是新题，人品没够啊！
Q：
1.考了那题原桌面盖桌布的问题。但还要求盖上了之后边还要多出来至少10inch
2.说是实验药品，病人吃了会产生IMPROVEMENT和side efficience.60%的病人improvement伴随着SIDE EFFICIENT。
（1）30%（好像是这个数字）出现了SIDE EFFICIENT
（2）90%的人有SIDE EFFICIENT 出现了IMPROVEMENT（我看了这个选项当时就纠结了，难道还跟题目中的60%冲突了？）
3.没有给图，我凭自己的理解画个图（附件1）
求三角形的最大面积，给了圆的直径，好像是10.则最大面积应该是三角形PQR，10*5*1/2=25
4.给图了（附近2）如图，G是DB与圆的一个交点，注意，图中没给BD是线段或者直线，求正方形边长
（1）线段DG=2根号2-2
（2）弧长EF为π
5.X,Y非零整数，X/Y>1?
(1)X-Y>1
(2)Y的X次方<1
6.说是有193个东西，要放在24个VANS里面，每个里面最多能放6个，问只放一个东西在里面的VANS最多有几个？
A.5   B.6   C.7    D.8    E.9
7.S和L的工资。说是现在S的工资比L多3000，发生变化之后，问S比L多的工资会不会少于3000？
（1）L的工资涨了10%
（2）S的工资涨了，但小于10%
8.残疾狗，X能够
（1）X+1除以
（2）X+15除以7
9.残疾狗
0.XYZ循环小数（XYZ）循环，问z是多少？
（1）1000K-K为
（2）



V：
阅读：中了两篇语音版的机经，关于商品定价和语言发展那两篇（感谢各路狗主和机经整理者）。遇到新的题是说科学家在争论鸟是为什么会飞，两个不同的观点：第一个说是鸟在树枝上飞来飞去，然后发展来发展去，就练就了飞的本领；另一派人就站出来说不是这样子的，而是鸟长了一些特定的器官（记不清楚具体的名字了），举出例子来说一些发现了会飞的鸟的化石的地方，树长得也不高，还拿山羊和一个其他的动物来举例论证，说明鸟是本来就能飞。
还有一篇是说：英国的工业革命给女性提供了什么发展的契机，但是另一些学者又说是阻碍的，没太读懂，记不太清楚了。

shanda5924

楼主好样的 ，好像那篇鸟的是GWD的原文 刚才看一个放狗的也放了这个题   雪菲快收进去

71873740

你有那题目么？我看看是不是。。。

shanda5924

GWD27-Q 3 to Q6:

Two opposing scenarios, the “arboreal” hypothesis and the “cursorial” hypothesis, have traditionally been put forward concerning the origins of bird flight. The “arboreal” hypothesis holds that bird ancestors began to fly by climbing trees and gliding down from branches with the help of incipient feathers: the height of trees provides a good starting place for launching flight, especially through gliding. As feathers became larger over time, flapping flight evolved and birds finally became fully air-borne. This hypothesis makes intuitive sense, but certain aspects are troubling. Archaeopteryx (the earliest known bird) and its maniraptoran dinosaur cousins have no obviously arboreal adaptations, such as feet fully adapted for perching. Perhaps some of them could climb trees, but no convincing analysis has demonstrated how Archaeopteryx would have both climbed and flown with its forelimbs, and there were no plants taller than a few meters in the environments where Archaeopteryx fossils have been found. Even if the animals could climb trees, this ability is not synonymous with gliding ability. (Many small animals, and even some goats and kangaroos, are capable of climbing trees but are not gliders.) Besides, Archaeopteryx shows no obvious features of gliders, such as a broad membrane connecting forelimbs and hind limbs.

The “cursorial”(running) hypothesis holds that small dinosaurs ran along the ground and stretched out their arms for balance as they leaped into the air after insect prey or, perhaps, to avoid predators. Even rudimentary feathers on forelimbs could have expanded the arm’s surface area to enhance lift slightly. Larger feathers could have increased lift incrementally, until sustained flight was gradually achieved. Of course, a leap into the air does not provide the acceleration produced by dropping out of a tree; an animal would have to run quite fast to take off. Still, some small terrestrial animals can achieve high speeds. The cursorial hypothesis is strengthened by the fact that the immediate theropod dinosaur ancestors of birds were terrestrial, and they had the traits needed for high lift off speeds: they were small, agile, lightly built, long-legged, and good runners. And because they were bipedal, their arms were free to evolve flapping flight, which cannot be said for other reptiles of their time.

shanda5924

3: The primary purpose of the passage is to
A.    present counterevidence to two hypotheses concerning the origins of  bird flight
B.    propose and alternative to two hypotheses concerning the origins of bird flight
C.    correct certain misconceptions about hypotheses concerning the origins of bird flight
D.    refute a challenge to a hypothesis concerning the origins of bird flight
E.    evaluate competing hypotheses concerning the origins of bird flight
E
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q 4: The passage presents which of the following facts as evidence that tends to undermine the arboreal hypothesis?
A.    Feathers tend to become larger over time
B.    Flapping flight is thought to have evolved gradually over time
C.    Many small animals are capable of climbing trees.
D.    lants in Archaeopteryx’s known habitats were relatively small
E.    Leaping into the air does not provide as much acceleration as gliding out of a tree
D
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q 5: Which of the following is included in the discussion of the cursorial hypothesis but not in the discussion of the arboreal hypothesis?
A.    A discussion of some of the features of Archaeopteryx
B.    A description of the environment known to have been inhabited by bird ancestors
C.    A possible reason why bird ancestors might have been engaging in activities that eventually evolved into flight
D.    A description of the obvious features of animals with gliding ability
E.    An estimate of the amount of time it took for bird ancestors to evolve the kind of flapping flight that allowed them to become completely airborne
C
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q 6: The passage suggests which of the following regarding the climbing ability of Archaeopteryx?

A.    Its ability to climb trees was likely hindered by the presence of incipient feathers on its forelimbs.
B.    It was probably better at climbing trees than were its maniraptoran dinosaur cousins.
C.    It had certain physical adaptations that suggest it was skilled at climbing trees.
D.    Scientists have recently discovered fossil evidence suggesting it could not climb trees.
E.    Scientists are uncertain whether it was capable of climbing trees
E


是吗 楼主？

zxfjacob

哈哈，语音版给力！

ielaine0828

求逻辑狗(┳＿┳)...

71873740

擦，连题目都是一样的！！！

shanda5924

额 楼主下次考试多注意下吧。。。预祝700+

sparklelynn

LZ题目和内容帮我们补充一下好吗？

*13. 语言的起源

一、主旨

还有个阅读是说语言和biology relationship(待确认)



二、段落大意

P1. conventional method只能trace the origin of language至thousands of years ago，但是a biologist运用新方法能将其追溯至a hundred thousand years ago。这个方法类似DNA序列研究，利用statistics method来分析phoneme（音位，language中最小的单位），从而进行推断。这个biologist发现距离southwestern Africa越远，氏族搬离的离这个地方越远，语言中的pronounce越少，phoneme也就越少，这是生物多样化基因不断重组的结果。进而得出the origin of language是在southwestern Africa的结论。/P越小说明语言才开始发展，然后人口迁徙P也会小。先是M开头的一人给提出一个结论，根据statistical method，然后第一段最后一句又有个C开头的人反驳M的观点。然后两个人就collaborate搞在一起干嘛了。


P2. 就是说他的book有两个主要观点，第一个观点：他发现，人口稳定下来，phoneme就开始进化复杂。但人类很快迁徙，一迁徙，音节得不到发展，就保持简单，以致于遥远偏僻的部落音节，反而简单。



P3. 讲第二个观点，都是什么人类迁移比语言发展要快还是慢？/一个地方说是说如果人口稳定缓慢增长，P什么的会由slightly的增长。此外如果migrate，P会一下子减少。期中一种P是PRONOUCE,另一种好像是P^^^M，不认识也不记得了。其中一句是tribe migration的速度要快于new phoneme（音位，音素）产生的速度。



四、题目

Q1. 主旨题

介绍一个人假设的核心观点（大概这个意思）。（本月700 ，V33狗主）



Q2. 问什么能削弱他的假设的？/哪一项削弱了生物学家的观点?

V1 研究发现非洲西南部的周围地区人类出现的年代比其他地区要晚

V2 选D，在东南亚附近的人类起源比其他地方更远。（本月700 ，V33狗主）

狗主解释：我现在都觉得怪，但是别的选项更奇怪。其他的不记得了



Q3. 推断题：说如果人口稳定还是什么的，会怎么样？

备选答案里两种P都出现了。忘了答案选什么了。



五、备注
有两段。(有狗主反应是三段)

好像是一屏多吧，题目都是在第一屏上的，两道推断兮兮的题。



六、背景知识: 感谢yangyang1412，雪菲觉得与原文很相似哦~

奥克兰大学（University of Auckland）的心理学家对世界语言多样性的两项重要研究分别刊登在《科学》（《Science》）和《自然》（《Nature》）杂志上。


第一项研究是由Q. Atkinson博士所提出：人类语言起源于非洲。Atkinson对世界各地语言的系统分析结果表明：如同人类基因一样，语言也是一次性起源于非洲撒哈拉以南地区。他对504种现代人类语言的音位（phonemes，一个语言系统中能够区分词义的最小的语音单位）进行了统计对比，发现非洲地区语言的音位数量是最多的，而越远离非洲，音位数量越少。


最少音位数量的语言出现在南美洲和太平洋地区的热带岛屿。Atkinson还注意到世界上各种语言音位数量的分布情况与人类基因多样性的分布模式是一致的，与人类扩散范围的远近呈负相关关系。


一般来说，那些居住时间越长的土著居民仍会使用的音位会越多（特别是在撒哈拉以南的非洲），而人类最近才迁徙到的地方音位会较少。


在《自然》杂志上，奥克兰大学的另外一名研究人员R. Gray及合作者则给出了人类大脑创作语言的一般规律。Gray教授说：“世界各地使用的语言多样性十分令人吃惊，现在全球大约有7000多种语言在使用，有些语言只有十几种发音，有的则超过一百多个；有的单词构成很复杂，有的则很简单；有的动词在句首使用，有的在中间，有的则在句尾。”


利用进化生物学的计算方法，Gray和他的团队分析了词序演化的全球模式：词序特征依赖性在其中并不明显，而每个语系都有各自独立的演化趋势。