第四篇最短，但是我觉得脑子当时已经罢工，记不大清，非常混乱。好像是说美国黑人想组成一个union，但是一直不大成功，除了一个叉叉组织。因为大部分的白人还是歧视黑人的。文章到这里还很清楚，接着奇怪的就来了。说啊，黑人发现和白人contract negotiation没有，于是就怎么加入白人还是什么寻求白人的支持了，虽然白人还是歧视他们。更怪的是，黑同学居然这样就成功了.........我觉得这篇文章应该不难，关键是我的最后一篇我读不进去了。 -- by 会员 leetina (2010/9/17 12:49:42)
lz威武,这么艰难的情况下还能上7，牛！请你确认一下第四篇是否是这篇啊?多谢啦！
G-9-Q21-Q23
In the 1930’s and 1940’s, African American industrial workers in the southern United States, who constituted 80 percent of the unskilled factory labor force there, strongly supported unionization. While the American Federation of Labor (AFL) either excluded African Americans or maintained racially segregated unions, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) organized integrated unions nationwide on the basis of a stated policy of equal rights for all, and African American unionists provided the CIO’s backbone. Yet it can be argued that through contracts negotiated and enforced by White union members, unions—CIO unions not excluded—were often instrumental in maintaining the occupational segregation and other forms of racial discrimination that kept African Americans socially and economically oppressed during this period. However, recognizing employers’ power over workers as a central factor in African Americans’ economic marginal ization, African American workers saw the need to join with White workers in seeking change despite White unionists’ toleration of or support for racial discrimination. The persistent efforts of African American unionists eventually paid off: many became highly effective organizers, gaining the respect of even racist White unionists by winning victories for White as well as African American workers. African American unionists thus succeeded in strengthening the unions while using them as instruments of African Americans’ economic empowerment. | 
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发表于 2010-9-17 12:49:42
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