【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑5-6】【OG10】

UlysessHope

最近忙着考古木有做逻辑，大家加油哇~

62. Which of the following best completes the passage below?
At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent. What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that ___________.
(A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
(C) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
(E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible

63. Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned step-by-step has been considered preferable to intuitive decision-making. However, a recent study found that top managers used intuition significantly more than did most middle-or lower-level managers. This confirms the alternative view that intuition is actually more effective than careful, methodical reasoning.
The conclusion above is based on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Methodical, step-by-step reasoning is inappropriate for making many real-life management decisions.
(B) Top managers have the ability to use either intuitive reasoning or methodical, step-by-step reasoning in making decisions.
(C) The decisions made by middle-and lower-level managers can be made as easily by using methodical reasoning as by using intuitive reasoning.
(D) Top managers use intuitive reasoning in making the majority of their decisions.
(E) Top managers are more effective at decision-making than middle-or lower-level managers

64. The imposition of quotas limiting imported steel will not help the big American steel mills. In fact, the quotas will help “mini-mills” flourish in the United States. Those small domestic mills will take more business from the big Americal steel mills than would have been taken by the foreign steel mills in the absence of quotas.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the claim made in the last sentence above?
(A) Quality rather than price is a major factor in determining the type of steel to be used for a particular application.
(B) Foreign steel mills have long produced grades of steel comparable in quality to the steel produced by the big American mills.
(C) American quotas on imported goods have often induced other countries to impose similar quotas on American goods.
(D) Domestic “mini-mills” consistently produce better grades of steel than do the big American mills.
(E) Domestic “mini-mills” produce low-volume, specialized types of steels that are not produced by the big American steel mills.

65. Correctly measuring the productivity of service workers is complex. Consider, for example, postal workers: they are often said to be more productive if more letters are delivered per postal worker. But is this really true? what if more letters are lost or delayed per worker at the same time that more are delivered?
The objection implied above to the productivity measure described is based on doubts about the truth of which of the following statements?
(A) Postal workers are representative of service workers in general.
(B) The delivery of letters is the primary activity of the postal service.
(C) Productivity should be ascribed to categories of workers, not to individuals.
(D) The quality of services rendered can appropriately be ignored in computing productivity.
(E) The number of letters delivered is relevant to measuring the productivity of postal workers.

UlysessHope

62.
If a substance that causes no environmental damage were subject to controls, those controls would be more
restrictive than necessary. Choice B is therefore the best answer.
Ensuring prompt implementation of controls, as choice A claims, is not a necessary part of avoiding excessively
restrictive controls. Although it would probably help to avoid excessive restrictions if some of the countries
producing the most effluents favored uniform controls, it is not necessary that all such countries do, as choice C
claims. Not all of any given pollutant need reach the North Sea, as choice D claims, since at most some needs to.
Since the controls can be excessively restrictive even if the damage already inflicted is reversible, choice E is
incorrect.
63.
If top managers are not the more effective decision makers, then the fact that they use intuition more often than
lower-level managers does not support the conclusion that intuition is more effective. Because the argument
must assume E, choice E is the best answer.
To the extent that less effective methods are inappropriate, the passage does not assume A, but argues for it.
Since the argument leaves open the possibility of situations in which top managers are unable to use one of the
methods, choice B is inappropriate. Since the ease with which a method is implemented is not at issue, choice C
is inappropriate. The argument is consistent with managers at all levels using intuition in the minority of
decisions made. Thus, choice D is inappropriate.
64.
If, as choice E asserts, large and small mills produce different types of steels, increasing sales by small mills
need not lead to decreasing sales by large one. Thus, choice E casts a serious doubt on the claim and is the
best answer.
Choice A does not present enough information about the relative quality of steel from foreign and domestic mills
to cast any doubt on the claim. Similarly, choice B does not provide enough information about small American
mills, nor does choice C provide enough information about the likely consequences of quotas imposed by
foreign countries to cast doubt on the claim. Choice D tends to support the claim, since better steel should sell
better than poorest steel.
65.
The critique of the proposed purely quantitative measure of productivity raises the issue of quality of service,
which implies that quality of service is a potentially relevant consideration. Thus, choice D is the best answer.
The objection assumes that postal workers are a suitable illustrative example of service workers in general; thus,
choice A is inappropriate. By delivery of letters, the argument treats letter delivery as the primary activity of
postal workers; thus, choice B is inappropriate. Because the passage explicitly ascribes productivity to entire
categories of workers, choice C is inappropriate. Choice E is inappropriate, since the objector does not question
the relevance of the number of letters delivered but implies that something else might also be relevant.

balapupu

顶顶·~先请个小假·~我要搞我推荐信去了~~~

fox0923

28s
P: The countries want to give the effluent army and unitary control.
C: The excessive control can be eliminated because___
Complete: Other excessive control will bring more negative effects to effluent control.
A: B

28s
P: The step by step decision making used to be the best for managers.
C: However, the research found that the higher level managers use the intuitive decision making more frequently than the lower level managers.
A: The higher level managers who use intuitive decision making are more effective than the lower level managers.
A: E

33s
P: The small mill import will take over the market of the domestic small mill industry than have been taken by the foreign industry.
C: The imposition of mill import will not help the US mill industry.
W: The whole mill market will be taken by the foreign industry if not importing the small mill.
A: C (E---我看错了，题目问的是last sentence，我又自以为是了）

(A) Quality rather than price is a major factor in determining the type of steel to be used for a particular application.
--> there is no comparison between the quality and the price in the passage.
(B) Foreign steel mills have long produced grades of steel comparable in quality to the steel produced by the big American mills.
--> This doesn't support that the import of mills is good.
(C) American quotas on imported goods have often induced other countries to impose similar quotas on American goods.
--> Weaken the conclusion.
(D) Domestic “mini-mills” consistently produce better grades of steel than do the big American mills.
--> The grades of mills are irrelevant.
(E) Domestic “mini-mills” produce low-volume, specialized types of steels that are not produced by the big American steel mills.
--> the production is not the concern here.
文章在谈论quotas of small mills and large mills 对US market的影响，而不是mill industry of US会不会被foreign industry占领。文章要weaken的是最后一句话：Those small domestic mills will take more business from the big Americal steel mills than would have been taken by the foreign steel mills in the absence of quotas.所以重点应该放在small domestic mill的进入不会影响mill market上面。我猪头啊~~

28s
P: More letters are delivered, more productive the mail poster is.
P: What is more letters lost during delivery?
A: The efficiency is related to the mail poster's productivity.
A: D

南瓜0729

30'
the countries favor uniform control of effluent
To avoid restrictive controls, we should..
not control other things that do not affect the environment
B

22'
traditionally, top managers prefer to step by step decision making.
now top managers used intuition more than did most middle-or lower-level managers
C: intuition is more effective
top managers are more effective
E

40'
quotas will not help american steel mill
没太明白
A--->E

25'
postal workers are more productive if they deliver more letters
what if more letters are lost
the quality should be also taken into consideration.
D

jj0615

68s+................
BG：countries favor uniform control
intention:to avoid excessive control
we should:B,all the substances will cause pollution

27s
P:top managers use more IN than middle/lower managers use
C:IN is more effective
E:bridge,top managers are more effective

63s.........................
P:The small mill import will take over the market of the domestic small mill industry than have been taken by the foreign industry in the absence of quotas.
C:the quotas will help mini-mills
E:对了但不明白

36s
P:they are often said to be more productive if more letters are delivered per postal worker
C:that is not right because if more letters are lost or delayed per worker at the same time that more are delivered
D:quality affect the productivity

jj0615

这速度的差距真是.............

bananazoo

欢迎JJ015~
速度~慢慢会提上去的~
有些题内容自己喜欢熟悉什么当然就有快慢啦~
慢慢一来~会有效果的~