【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-19】

fox0923

Prep

Which of the following most logicallycompletes the argument?

Researchers recently asked dozens ofshoppers, chosen at random coming out of a FoodBasket supermarket, what theyhad purchased.  The prices of the verysame items at the nearest ShopperKing supermarket were totaled and comparedwith the FoodBasket total.  TheShopperKing totals averaged five percent higher than the FoodBaskettotals.  Nevertheless, this result doesnot necessarily show that shoppers at ShopperKing would save money overall byshopping at FoodBasket instead, since __________.
A. shoppers who shop regularly at a givensupermarket generally choose that store for the low prices offered on the itemsthat they purchase most often
B. for shoppers with more than 20 items, theShopperKing totals averaged more than five percent higher than the FoodBaskettotals
C. many shoppers consider factors other thanprice in choosing the supermarket at which they shop most regularly
D. there is little variation from month tomonth in the overall quantity of purchases made at supermarkets by a givenshopper
E. none of the people who conducted theresearch were employees of the FoodBasket supermarket
Answer: A
2. Personnel officer:  The exorbitant cost of our health-insurancebenefits reflects the high dollar amount of medical expenses incurred by ouremployees.  Employees who are out of shape,as a group, have higher doctor bills and longer hospital stays than do theircolleagues who are fit.  Therefore, sincewe must reduce our health-insurance costs, we should offer a rigorous fitnessprogram of jogging and weight lifting to all employees, and require employeeswho are out of shape to participate.
The conclusion reached by the personnelofficer depends on which of the following assumptions?
A. A person who is fit would receive aroutine physical checkup by a doctor less regularly than would a person who isout of shape.
B. The medical expenses incurred by employeeswho are required to participate in the fitness program would be less than thoseincurred by employees who are not required to participate.
C. The strenuous activities required ofout-of-shape employees by the program would not by themselves generate medicalexpenses greater than any reduction achieved by the program.
D. The fitness program would serve moreemployees who are out of shape than it would employees who are fit.
E. The employees who participate in thefitness program would be away from work because of illness less than would theemployees who do not participate.
Answer: C
3. Political advocacy groups have begun to useinformation services to disseminate information that is then accessed by thepublic via personal computer.  Since manygroups are thus able to bypass traditional news sources, whose reporting isselective, and to present their political views directly to the public,information services present a more balanced picture of the complexities ofpolitical issues than any traditional news source presents.
Which of the following is an assumption onwhich the argument above depends?
A. Information services are accessible toenough people to ensure that political advocacy groups can use these servicesto reach as large a percentage of the public as they could through traditionalnews sources.
B. People could get a thorough understandingof a particular political issue by sorting through information provided byseveral traditional news sources, each with differing editorial biases.
C. Information on political issuesdisseminated through information services does not come almost entirely fromadvocacy groups that share a single bias.
D. Traditional news sources seldom reportthe views of political advocacy groups accurately.
E. Most people who get information onpolitical issues from newspapers and other traditional news sources can readilyidentify the editorial biases of those sources.
Answer: C
4.Outbreaks of Rift Valley fever occurirregularly in East Africa, several yearsapart.  When outbreaks do occur, theykill thousands of cattle.  A livestockvaccine against the disease exists but is rarely used.  It is too expensive for farmers to useroutinely, and since it is not effective until a month after vaccination,administering it after an outbreak begins helps very little.  Nevertheless, experts predict that use of thevaccine will increase significantly within the next few years.
Which of the following, if true, providesthe strongest justification for the experts’ prediction?
A. Rift Valley fever is spread bymosquitoes, but each outbreak is so widespread that it is impractical tocontrol it by using insecticides.
B. When an outbreak of Rift Valley feveroccurs, unaffected countries often refuse to import livestock from the countriesaffected by the outbreak.
C. It would take less than a month forproducers of the vaccine to adjust their production operations to cope with alarge increase in demand.
D. Many cattle farmers in East Africa are nomadic or live in remote villages, and such farmers,who have little access to modern veterinary medicine, are particularly hard hitby outbreaks of Rift Valley fever.
E. Recently published research has shownthat certain identifiable climatic conditions are almost invariably followed, withintwo to five months, by an outbreak of Rift Valley fever.
Answer: E
5.  Organizations should be structured in a clear hierarchy in which the people at each level, from top to bottom, are held accountable for completing a particular component of the work. Any other organizational structure goes against human nature and will ultimately prove fruitless.

纳丁Cat

我昨天已经考了，成绩不理想。

但是十分十分感谢 逻辑小组的所有人员！！！！！

很喜欢你们！！！谢谢大家！！！

接下来开始托福~~

bananazoo

今天做了3题，觉得很诡异，选对了，但都是靠排除法。。。呜呜呜，自己怎么也猜不到答案的。
1：33s
The prices of the same items in SK is 5% higher than in the FB
Since:。。。。。。。。。。。。
Conclusion: the result doesn’t show that shopping in the FB will save money than shopping in the SK
A
是不是这样理解“人们会比较每个相同的商品在不同店的价格，而不是比较总体价格，就是说，如果，A 在FB便宜，就去FB买，A在SK便宜就在SK买，而不会关买ABCDE这么多东西的总体价格。”？？？？？

2：46s
Premise：employees are out of shape will pay more for their health-insurance.
Premise: the company will offer a program of jogging and weight lifting for its employees, and they want those employees who are out of shape will take part in this program.
Conclusion: the company must reduce their health-insurance
Guess: the program can help those employees keep fit.
Choice: C

睡了，睡了，今天又晚了，明天接着写~
加油，争取下次自己能想对方向!!

fox0923

我昨天已经考了，成绩不理想。

但是十分十分感谢 逻辑小组的所有人员！！！！！

很喜欢你们！！！谢谢大家！！！

接下来开始托福~~

-- by 会员 纳丁Cat (2011/9/15 22:55:25)

纳丁不要灰心！我也是9/08考的，也不理想，所以准备三战！就算是考T也不要忘了经常回来啊~因为非常喜欢纳丁每次那么详尽的解释！
纳丁加油~！

fox0923

45s
Premise: The S.K has 5% higher price 9 in average of total price than F.B.
Conclusion: This doesn't meant that shoppers would save more money in F.B than in S.K.
Assumption: The shoppers pay more tax or other fees in F.B.
A: A (他因说人们都会选最便宜的商品去买，即使total price average比较高，但有些单价商品还是很便宜的，所以可以吸引顾客）

26s
Premise: The workers who are not fit pay more doctor bills than the workers who are fit.
Conclusion: The company needs to provide the fitness program for non-fit workers.
Assumption: The workers who are not fit will follow the fitness program schedule.
A (选错了，不仔细看题。题目在说reduce doctor bill, 而不是fitness program attraction)

39s
Premise: The information services can bypass different political views.
Conclusion: The information services present more views than do the traditional services.
Assumption: Most people are able to access information service.
A：C (negate方法）

40s
Premise: The vaccine is not routinely used since the outbreak will occur again after the effectiveness of vaccine expired in 1month.
Conclusion: The scientists predict that the use of vaccine will increase significantly in next few years.
Resolve: The special matter inside of Vaccine can become more effective after recognizing the bacteria when it exposed the second time.
A: C(完了，这道题彻底被虐了）
NN解释：E.Recently published research has shown that certain identifiable climatic conditions are almost invariably followed, within two to five months, by an outbreak of Rift Valley fever.
1. Vaccine is too expensive.
2. Vaccine is not effective after one month injected.
In order to strengthen the experts' point that the Vaccine's use will increase in next few years, we can either restore 1 or 2. E restores 2 since the vaccine can be used more widely if the experts can predict the climate 2-5months before the outbreak occurs.
被followed by结构搞混了~~虐死~~

fox0923

今天做了3题，觉得很诡异，选对了，但都是靠排除法。。。呜呜呜，自己怎么也猜不到答案的。
1：33s
The prices of the same items in SK is 5% higher than in the FB
Since:。。。。。。。。。。。。
Conclusion: the result doesn’t show that shopping in the FB will save money than shopping in the SK
A
是不是这样理解“人们会比较每个相同的商品在不同店的价格，而不是比较总体价格，就是说，如果，A 在FB便宜，就去FB买，A在SK便宜就在SK买，而不会关买ABCDE这么多东西的总体价格。”？？？？？

2：46s
Premise：employees are out of shape will pay more for their health-insurance.
Premise: the company will offer a program of jogging and weight lifting for its employees, and they want those employees who are out of shape will take part in this program.
Conclusion: the company must reduce their health-insurance
Guess: the program can help those employees keep fit.
Choice: C

睡了，睡了，今天又晚了，明天接着写~
加油，争取下次自己能想对方向!!

-- by 会员 bananazoo (2011/9/16 1:19:36)

bana这么晚还复习？PF！！

bananazoo

呵呵，糊糊，我是晚睡起的晚的孩子（10点多才醒）~夜猫子。。。不要学哦~
昨天同学那儿看了会图片就晚了~但每天的任务要完成呀~就跑回来做了些，呵呵
答应大家，BANA要早点睡的，否则考试睡着了可不好~哈哈

corneliaflower

1 the total prices of the very same items at SK are 5% higher than at FB.
   However, shoppers at SK go to FB do not mean saving money.
题目最后一句理解错意思了，直接导致选错  呜呜
看了狐狐的解释清楚多了

2 out-of-shape employees cost higher health-insurance than employees who are fit.
  So we must make a fitness program for out of shape to reduce the health-insurance costs.
~在运动中不出什么其他事故
这题算是唯一做得比较顺的了

3 Political advocacy group disseminate information via personal computer
由于许多groups绕过传统的信息源直接发布其观点给大众，这比起传统信息源发布方式提供了一个更公平的关于复杂政治事件的picture.
？？？
没看懂啊~  这题超级没头绪  谁给讲讲

4 RV的爆发会使成千上万的牛死亡。一种抵抗RV的疫苗并没有广泛使用因为其价格高昂且一个月后就失效。
专家预测这种疫苗在近几年使用量将显著上升
这道题也不懂啊  为什么是E啊  不明把

fox0923

花儿，题目是这样叙述的：


3. Political advocacy groups have begun to use information services to disseminate information that is then accessed by the public via personal computer. (背景） Since many groups are thus able to bypass traditional news sources, whose reporting isselective, and to present their political views directly to the public （premise）,information services present a more balanced picture of the complexities of political issues than any traditional news source presents_________（结论）

Premise: 说因为新的information services可以提供traditional news sources并且将political views直接公布出来。

Conclusion：所以说information services比traditional new sources提供一个更完整平衡的政治issues。
答案是 Information on political issues disseminated through information services does not come almost entirely from advocacy groups that share a single bias.
注意does not，如果我们将does not用取非的方法，为information on political issues...through information service do come almost entirely from.....that share a single bias.
如果information service share a single bias,那么就是weaken我们的结论了，应该说information service报道更全面比traditional serive更好才对！所以选项就是它了！




第四道题，我把解释写在我回答的下面了，花儿可以看看。。

fox0923

to bana：嗯，bana要注意身体，刚才做kid的逻辑时又看见bana了。嘿嘿，被我逮到了~~