【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-17】

superbat28

呃，我只是偷个懒，这两天就不做了- -，巩固OG中~

纳丁！！！！！加油！！！！！！！~~~~~

贴几道见到的BT PREP题，巩固大家抓结论的能力。。。

呃，突然觉得自己不太厚道。在前面补两道题，后四题选做哈。后四题真的不是一般的各种恶心。。大家，小心。。。
PS: 纳丁，纳丁。真的不要在乎那几道题了>.<

补充1： PREP1 Q79
To improve the long-term savings rate of the citizens of Levaska, the country's legislature decided to implement a plan that allows investors to save up to $1,000 per year in special accounts without paying taxes on the interest earned unless withdrawals are made before the investor reaches age sixty-five.  Withdrawals from these accounts prior to age sixty-five would result in the investor's having to pay taxes on all the accumulated interest at the time of withdrawal.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the legislature's plan will have its intended effect?

A. The money saved in the tax-free savings accounts will be deposited primarily in those banks and financial institutions that supported the legislation instituting the plan.
B. The majority of people choosing to take advantage of the tax-free savings accounts will withdraw their money prior to age sixty-five.
C. A significant number of the citizens of Levaska will invest in the tax-free savings accounts well before they reach the age of sixty-five.
D. During the ten years prior to implementation of the plan, Levaskans deposited an increasingly smaller percentage of their annual income in long-term savings accounts.
E. People who are not citizens of Levaska are not eligible to invest in the tax-free savings accounts, even if their income is taxable in Levaska.


ANSWER: C
补充2   PREP1 Q80
In Europe, many large animal species, such as mammoths, became extinct soon after humans first migrated to the animals' areas of habitation.  The spread of such extinctions closely followed the pattern of human migration.  However, since humans tended to migrate to areas as the climate in those areas began to warm, the extinctions might have been precipitated by the climatic warming rather than by human migration.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best evidence that it was human migration and not climatic change that precipitated the extinctions?

A. Many animal species, such as deer and bison, continued to thrive in Europe even after humans migrated there.
B. Several periods of marked climatic warming have occurred in Europe, during which many large animal species that lived there became extinct.
C. Many animal species that became extinct in Europe survived longer in areas that were isolated from human populations but that experienced intense climatic warming.
D. In some areas of Europe, only a few archaeological sites have yielded evidence that shows an overlap between the arrival of humans and the extinction of large animals.
E. Some large animals had become extinct in Europe even before humans migrated there.

ANSWER:  C


1. PREP2  Q76
In response to mounting public concern, an airplane manufacturer implemented a program with the well-publicized goal of reducing by half the total yearly amount of hazardous waste generated by its passenger-jet division.  When the program began in 1994, the division's hazardous waste output was 90 pounds per production worker; last year it was 40 pounds per production worker.  Clearly, therefore, charges that the manufacturer's program has not met its goal are false.  

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. The amount of nonhazardous waste generated each year by the passenger-jet division has not increased significantly since 1994.
B. At least as many passenger jets were produced by the division last year as had been produced in 1994.
C. Since 1994, other divisions in the company have achieved reductions in hazardous waste output that are at least equal to that achieved in the passenger-jet division.
D. The average number of weekly hours per production worker in the passenger-jet division was not significantly greater last year than it was in 1994.
E. The number of production workers assigned to the passenger-jet division was not significantly less in 1994 than it was last year.


Answer: E

2. PREP2  Q77. (30553-!-item-!-188;#058&005527)
Citizens of Parktown are worried by the increased frequency of serious crimes committed by local teenagers.  In response, the city government has instituted a series of measures designed to keep teenagers at home in the late evening.  Even if the measures succeed in keeping teenagers at home, however, they are unlikely to affect the problem that concerns citizens, since most crimes committed by local teenagers take place between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.

Which of the following, if true, most substantially weakens the argument?

A. Similar measures adopted in other places have failed to reduce the number of teenagers on the streets in the late evening.
B. The crimes committed by teenagers in the afternoon are mostly small thefts and inconsequential vandalism.
C. Teenagers are much less likely to commit serious crimes when they are at home than when they are not at home.
D. Any decrease in the need for police patrols in the late evening would not mean that there could be more intensive patrolling in the afternoon.
E. The schools in Parktown have introduced a number of afterschool programs that will be available to teenagers until 6 p.m. on weekday afternoons.


ANSWER: B


3. PREP2  Q78. (32009-!-item-!-188;#058&006754)

Kitchen magazine plans to license the use of its name by a line of cookware.  For a magazine, licensing the use of its name for products involves some danger, since if the products disappoint consumers, the magazine's reputation suffers, with consequent reductions in circulation and advertising.  However, experts have evaluated the cookware and found it superior to all other cookware advertised in Kitchen.  Therefore, Kitchen can collect its licensing fee without endangering its other revenues.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

A. No other line of cookware is superior to that which will carry the Kitchen name.
B. Kitchen will not license the use of its name for any products other than the line of cookware.
C. Makers of cookware will not find Kitchen a less attractive advertising vehicle because the magazine's name is associated with a competing product.
D. Consumers who are not regular readers of Kitchen magazine will be attracted to the cookware by the Kitchen name.
E. Kitchen is one of the most prestigious cooking-related magazines.


ANSWER: C

4. PREP2  Q100. (30745-!-item-!-188;#058&005748)
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks.  Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice.  However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium.  If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.

Which of the following would it be most important to ascertain in evaluating the argument?

A. Whether populations of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed are found only in areas also inhabited by white-footed mice
B. Whether the size of the deer tick population is currently limited by the availability of animals for the tick's larval stage to feed on
C. Whether the infected deer tick population could be controlled by increasing the number of animals that prey on white-footed mice
D. Whether deer ticks that were not infected as larvae can become infected as adults by feeding on deer on which infected deer ticks have fed
E. Whether the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor any other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans


ANSWER: B



最难不过如此吧~尽管我觉得这几道题确实很。。。难。。。。  hold住大家！！！！

AA  随手选一篇，不过貌似还是挺好写的？愿我碰上这篇吧！！
“Muscle Monthly, a fitness magazine that regularly features pictures of bodybuilders using state-of-the-art exercise machines, frequently sells out, according to the owner of Skyview Newsstand. To help maximize fitness levels in our town’s residents, we should, therefore, equip our new community fitness center with such machines.”

纳丁Cat

9-12
1.40s
1. PREP2  Q76
In response to mounting public concern, an airplane manufacturer implemented a program with the well-publicized goal of reducing by half the total yearly amount of hazardous waste generated by its passenger-jet division.  When the program began in 1994, the division's hazardous waste output was 90 pounds per production worker; last year it was 40 pounds per production worker.  Clearly, therefore, charges that the manufacturer's program has not met its goal are false.  

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Premise: a airplane company has implement a program to reduce the emit waste. From 1994, the emit waste from 90 pound per worker to 40 pound per work.
Conclusion: the charge that the company has fails to meet its goal is false.


Assumption: the number of workers does not increase.

A. The amount of nonhazardous waste generated each year by the passenger-jet division has not increased significantly since 1994.
B. At least as many passenger jets were produced by the division last year as had been produced in 1994.
C. Since 1994, other divisions in the company have achieved reductions in hazardous waste output that are at least equal to that achieved in the passenger-jet division.
D. The average number of weekly hours per production worker in the passenger-jet division was not significantly greater last year than it was in 1994.
E. The number of production workers assigned to the passenger-jet division was not significantly less in 1994 than it was last year.
Answer: E  other factors

2. 30s
Citizens of Parktown are worried by the increased frequency of serious crimes committed by local teenagers.  In response, the city government has instituted a series of measures designed to keep teenagers at home in the late evening.  Even if the measures succeed in keeping teenagers at home, however, they are unlikely to affect the problem that concerns citizens, since most crimes committed by local teenagers take place between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.

Which of the following, if true, most substantially weakens the argument?

Premise: there are many concerns about the crimes committed by young people. So government ask young people stay at home during evening.
Conclusion: the concerns do not reduce, because the crimes happen in afternoon.

Weaken: from 3 p.m, parent become to call their kids back to home.

A. Similar measures adopted in other places have failed to reduce the number of teenagers on the streets in the late evening.
B. The crimes committed by teenagers in the afternoon are mostly small thefts and inconsequential vandalism.
C. Teenagers are much less likely to commit serious crimes when they are at home than when they are not at home.
D. Any decrease in the need for police patrols in the late evening would not mean that there could be more intensive patrolling in the afternoon.
E. The schools in Parktown have introduced a number of afterschool programs that will be available to teenagers until 6 p.m. on weekday afternoons
ANSWER: B
Inconsequential不重要的 vandalism.破坏行为

3. 65s
Kitchen magazine plans to license the use of its name by a line of cookware.  For a magazine, licensing the use of its name for products involves some danger, since if the products disappoint consumers, the magazine's reputation suffers, with consequent reductions in circulation and advertising.  However, experts have evaluated the cookware and found it superior to all other cookware advertised in Kitchen.  Therefore, Kitchen can collect its licensing fee without endangering its other revenues.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

Premise: licensing its name to cookware has some may be dangerous to kitchen magazine.
Conclusion: for this cookware, licensing will not influence the magazine’s reputation, because expert think this cookware is better than others.

Assumption: cook will agree with expert’s opinion.

A. No other line of cookware is superior to that which will carry the Kitchen name.
B. Kitchen will not license the use of its name for any products other than the line of cookware.
C. Makers of cookware will not find Kitchen a less attractive advertising vehicle because the magazine's name is associated with a competing product.
D. Consumers who are not regular readers of Kitchen magazine will be attracted to the cookware by the Kitchen name.
E. Kitchen is one of the most prestigious cooking-related magazines.
ANSWER: C other factors

题目关键在于说只因为杂志冠名的厨具质量很好，就可以放心的冠名收费，而不会影响杂志在其他方面的收入；
C选项的意思是，其他cookware maker不会因为这个杂志冠名了一个他们的竞争者，就没兴趣在这个杂志上投广告了；反之，如果cookware maker觉得这个杂志冠名了某个他们的竞争者就不投广告的话，实际上是导致了其他广告收入的减少







都错了，被打击到了。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

superbat28

没有啦！我的意思是说，这是最恶心的。。我也做的时候都错了。。而且都是3-4遍了。。。

嗯，我开头不是写了嘛，只是为了告诉大家抓结论是多么重要。其实，大多数题都是很好抓结论的，只是提醒下大家永远不要忘了抓结论~这几道题，只是提醒，不关心正确率啦><

纳丁Cat

没有啦！我的意思是说，这是最恶心的。。我也做的时候都错了。。而且都是3-4遍了。。。

嗯，我开头不是写了嘛，只是为了告诉大家抓结论是多么重要。其实，大多数题都是很好抓结论的，只是提醒下大家永远不要忘了抓结论~这几道题，只是提醒，不关心正确率啦><

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/9/12 20:36:12)

好嘞~
bat 加油！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
咱们冲啦~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

daisyの小夢想

1. 1min+
Goal: Improve long-term saving rates of citizens
Method:
a. withdraw money after 65: allow citizens to save up to 1000 per year without paying interest tax
b. withdraw money before 65: pay taxes on all the accumulated interest at the time of withdrawal.

Support: C

2. 45s
The extincion often follows human migration.
But at the same time, climate becomes warm.
Conclusion: extinction is caused by the climate, but no human migration.
Weaken: the damage behavior of human. or the animals can adapt to the climate very well.
C


3. 34s
Goal: Mount public concern
Premise: The waste has declined from 90 to 40.
Conclusion: The manufacture meets its goal.
Assumption: The amount of 40 pounds per production waste would not cause public concern.
E

4. 36s
BG: The citizens are worried about the increased friquency of crimes by adolescents.
Premise: 1. The government has urged the young people to stay at home in the evening.
2. The crimes committed by yound people are often between 3 -5p.m.
Conclusion:
The method is of no use.
Weaken: Sth associates the crimes and the evening time.
E

5. 30s
BG: License name may cause some dangers.
Premise: The cookware is superior to other cookware in the magazine.
Conclusion: The cookware can license without causing revenue loss.
Assumption:
Superior to other cookware=the customer can be satisfied
C..神马答案。。

6. 1:09
BG: Deer pick up bacterium at larval stage and then tranmits to human.
The larvae feed on both the infected Bacterium and uninfected host.
If the uninfected host increase, the number of ticks having the bacterium would decline.
Evaluate:
败了。。。

daisyの小夢想

4和6错 休息一下回来研究 真虐 默念某贴2楼@@

daisyの小夢想

第六题想了很久终于明白了：
现在discuss的是是否other species多了，larvae就会吃未感染的host，deer tick就会减少。
即是否有A就有B

所以 选B选项 判断的是A和B是不是有直接因果关系

D选项 是不是其他原因C会导致B 是无关的 因为C会不会导致B是不影响A会不会导致B的。

bananazoo

今天陪新来学校的同学买东西，累趴了。。。
先做一部分吧，虽然Banana觉得自己被小小的嫌弃了

1:33S
Primes: if they don’t withdraw their money before 65, investors could save up to 1000 USD per year in a special account without paying taxes. If they withdraw these money, they will pay all the taxes.
Guess: support, those people who save their money in the bank will not borrow a large amount of money from the bank.
My choice: C

3:37S
Primes: The airplane company has a goal of reducing by half the total amount of hazardous waste by its passenger-jet division.
In 1994, the division’s hazardous waste was 90 pounds, last year it was 40 pounds.
Conclusion: the company meets its goal.
Guess: 有什么不变之类的吧，想不出。。。
My choice：B（错）

4地区有很多小孩干坏事。
政府就弄了很多措施让孩子们晚上呆家里，孩子们果然呆在家里了。
但是，问题还是没有解决呀，因为大多数坏事孩子们是在下午3点~6点干的。
结论：就是说措施没用是吧？
削弱。。。
My choice：C？
Right answer：B。。。
就是说，政府的措施至少阻止了这些小屁孩干很坏很坏的事，减少了不好的影响？

5:一个厨房杂志要允许cookware用它的名字，这可能存在一些危险：
但专家评估了这个cookware后说它比别的cookware都好
结论：Kitchen可以这么做，得到licensing fee而不损坏别的利益。
猜测：比别的好意味着没有这些危险，或别的就没有这些危险。（又没猜中。。。）
剩下B,C。。蒙了C。。但不会呀。。。其实

知道自己不行呀~但希望在一点一点进步！
努力不被嫌弃~哈哈

corneliaflower

今天有做一下这个
没打出来写纸上了  到第四题就彻底崩溃了

谁给我解释一下  为什么选B嘛~

fox0923

读了2遍，就不说时间了
P:If the investor withdrawal money before age 65, they have to pay the tax
C:To improve the long-term saving rates.
S: People don't withdrawal any savings from their account before age 65.
A: C

26s
P:The animal extinction is caused by human migration.
C:The animal extinction is caused by the climatic change because human like to migrate to the areas with warmer climate.
W:The climatic change is also determined by the areas where human migrated to.
A:C

32s
P:The airplane manufacture implemented a plan to reduce the waste output per worker.
C:The plan is successful since the output of waste production per worker is decreased this year compared to last year.
A:the data of output production of waste is average production.
A:E

30s
P:The teenagers will be asked to stay at home at evening to avoid crimes occurred.
C:This would not help people's concern since most crimes happened at 3 and 6pm.
W:....
A:B

36s
P:The kitchen magazine is afraid to loss revenue because the kitchen cookwares may not be superior to other cookwares.
C:The magazine will not loss money since the evaluation shows that the superiority of cookwares is better than others.
A:The superiority of this new cookwares will affect the revenue of magazine.
A:C

34s
Pyme disease is transmitted to human through deer ticks, but other species wouldn't get such disease when feeding on mice.
C:If other species are increased, then the Lyme disease will be declined.
E:....应该是找个什么relation吧
A:E
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6错勒~~怎么是B？我早早就排出B了，因为看到了size，觉得整个题目是在讲population，不是size啊！又看了两遍，明白了，原来是说size of population这样就对了。如果size of deer tick的population太多，还是会有被传染disease的大大可能，不管uninfected hosts有多少。去看看daisy的看法~~