【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-15】

daisyの小夢想

1. The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false:  in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no charge in time spent watching television.


Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?
A. Whether a large majority of the survey respondents reported watching television regularly
B. Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers
C. Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases
D. Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers
E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work
Key: E


2. In Kravonia, the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than the average salary for jobs that do not require a degree.  Current enrollments in Kravonia’s colleges indicate that over the next four years the percentage of the Kravonian workforce with college degrees will increase dramatically.  Therefore, the average salary for all workers in Kravonia is likely to increase over the next four years.


Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?


A. Kravonians with more than one college degree earn more, on average, than do Kravonians with only one college degree.
B. The percentage of Kravonians who attend college in order to earn higher salaries is higher now than it was several years ago.
C. The higher average salary for jobs requiring a college degree is not due largely to a scarcity among the Kravonian workforce of people with a college degree.
D. The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not increase over the next four years.
E. Few members of the Kravonian workforce earned their degrees in other countries.
Key: C


3. In January of last year the Moviemania chain of movie theaters started propping its popcorn in canola oil, instead of the less healthful coconut oil that it had been using until then.  Now Moviemania is planning to switch back, saying that the change has hurt popcorn sales.  That claim is false, however, since according to Moviemania’s own sales figures, Moviemania sold 5 percent more popcorn last year than in the previous year.


Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument against Moviemania’s claim?
A. Total sales of all refreshments at Moviemania’s movie theaters increased by less than 5 percent last year.
B. Moviemania makes more money on food and beverages sold at its theaters than it does on sales of movie tickets.
C. Moviemania’s customers prefer the taste of popcorn popped in coconut oil to that of popcorn popped in canola oil.
D. Total attendance at Moviemania’s movie theaters was more than 20 percent higher last year than the year before.
E. The year before last, Moviemania experienced a 10 percent increase in popcorn sales over the previous year.


Key: A


4. Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants.  If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashews were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews.  However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government’s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years.


Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A.Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing paints and plastics.
B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants.
C.More people in Kernland are engaged in farming cashews than in processing them.
D.Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in Kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices.
E.A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in Kernland off their land and into the cities
Key: E




5. The following appeared in a memorandum written by the chair of the music department to the president of Omega
University:
“Mental health experts have observed that symptoms of mental illness are less pronounced in many patients after
group music-therapy sessions, and job openings in the music-therapy field have increased during the past year.
Consequently, graduates from our degree program for music therapists should have no trouble finding good
positions. To help improve the financial status of Omega University, we should therefore expand our music-therapy
degree program by increasing its enrollment targets.”

纳丁Cat

9-11 哇911十周年
1. 30s

The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false:  in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no charge in time spent watching television.


Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?


Premise: someone said increasing time in playing computer causes less time in watching TV
Conclusion: that is no true. Because a survey through mail show that increasing time in using pc does not cause change in watching TV

Weaken: does the time including working time?

A. Whether a large majority of the survey respondents reported watching television regularly
B. Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers
C. Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases
D. Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers
E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work

Key: E  other factors involved.

2.15s
In Kravonia, the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than the average salary for jobs that do not require a degree.  Current enrollments in Kravonia’s colleges indicate that over the next four years the percentage of the Kravonian workforce with college degrees will increase dramatically.  Therefore, the average salary for all workers in Kravonia is likely to increase over the next four years.


Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Premise: people who have a college degree have higher salaries that those who haven’t. And the last several years, the enrollment in college will higher than before.
Conclusion: the average salaries will high that before.

Assumption: the high salary does not because the scanty of college degree.


A. Kravonians with more than one college degree earn more, on average, than do Kravonians with only one college degree.
B. The percentage of Kravonians who attend college in order to earn higher salaries is higher now than it was several years ago.
C. The higher average salary for jobs requiring a college degree is not due largely to a scarcity among the Kravonian workforce of people with a college degree.
D. The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not increase over the next four years.
E. Few members of the Kravonian workforce earned their degrees in other countries.

Key: C support the premise

3. 25s
In January of last year the Moviemania chain of movie theaters started propping its popcorn in canola oil, instead of the less healthful coconut oil that it had been using until then.  Now Moviemania is planning to switch back, saying that the change has hurt popcorn sales.  That claim is false, however, since according to Moviemania’s own sales figures, Moviemania sold 5 percent more popcorn last year than in the previous year.


Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument against Moviemania’s claim?

Premise: the theatre want to change back the form kind of popcorn, because the new kind popcorn hurt the sales.
Conclusion: that’s not true. Because the sale increase 5%.

Weaken: there are more people go into the theatre and other kind of food sale increase far more that5%

A. Total sales of all refreshments at Moviemania’s movie theaters increased by less than 5 percent last year.
B. Moviemania makes more money on food and beverages sold at its theaters than it does on sales of movie tickets.
C. Moviemania’s customers prefer the taste of popcorn popped in coconut oil to that of popcorn popped in canola oil.
D. Total attendance at Moviemania’s movie theaters was more than 20 percent higher last year than the year before.
E. The year before last, Moviemania experienced a 10 percent increase in popcorn sales over the previous year.
Key: A  support

balapupu

我来补作业了~~·捏哈哈~~~
1.【28s】Premise:some people argue that because there is are growing number of people using computers and the free time is limited so  the time of people watching TV is decline
Conclusion:However, during the recent mail survey,people said though the time for the computers is increasing , the time watching TV is not decline.
Evaluate: whether the time using for the computers is not during the free time.
2.

superbat28

1. 各种刷OG的必读题，我就不做了。。。

2. 38s
Conclusion: average salary will increase
Premise: more people will go to university and jobs requring college degree earn more than those not requring

Assumption: No further change that would bring down the salaries of jobs that requring college degrees ==> Namely, C~~

3. 40s
Conclusion: The statement is false
Premise: Since actually the sales of popcorn increased by 5%

Strengthen: Show that the sales really increased a lot     or     show that the sales did not increase do not exist

4. 40s
Conclusion: Removing the tariffs would do harm to the control of unemployment
Premise: If we remove the tariff, then domstic processed plants will have no resources, thus losing money

Weaken: Show if we adopt the strategy, no negative consequence.....  ==>Specifically, then is E....

UlysessHope

1.38s
premise: The growing popularity of computer-based activities would result in a decline in television viewing
premise: the assumption is that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.
counter-premise: in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no charge in time spent watching television.
conclusion:  That assumption is false
evaluation： survey is doubtful
                     E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work

2.26s
premise:the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than that do not require a degree.
premise: the percentage of the Kravonian workforce with college degrees will increase dramatically over the next four years
conclusion：the average salary for all workers is likely to increase over the next four years.
assumption：since most workers have a a college degree, the college degree is no longer the primary factor to get high salary.
                      C. The higher average salary for jobs requiring a college degree is not due largely to a scarcity among the Kravonian workforce of people with a college degree

3.33s
premise：last year the Moviemania chain started propping its popcorn in canola oil, instead of the coconut oil
premise: Now Moviemania plans to switch back, saying that the change has hurt popcorn sales
counter-premise:according to Moviemania’s sales figures, Moviemania sold 5 percent more popcorn last year than in the previous year.
conclusion:  That claim is false
support: i have no idea...  = =
              A. Total sales of all refreshments at Moviemania’s movie theaters increased by less than 5 percent last
4.45s
premise:If the tariff were lifted, more farmers could profit by growing cashews.
premise:all the processing plants are in urban areas
conclusion:removing the tariff would seriously cause urban unemployment over the next five years.
weaken： i have no idea...  = =
               E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in Kernland off their land and into the cities

Yvette19

1. 45s
BG: It is widely believed that the popularity of computer-based activity leads to the decline in TV-viewing.
RS: People have no more time to do both within the same period of time spent on those activities.
CC: Assumption above is false.
EVD: Survey shows that people spend more time on computer without decline on TV-viewing.

Evaluate: E

2. 33s
BG: In country K, the salary of employees with college degree is normally higher than the salary of those without college degree.
PM: The enrollment at college indicates the amount of people with a college degree will increase dramatically in four years
CC: So the overall salary of K will increase.

Assumption: C

3. 45s
BG: Since last year M change to a more healthful oil for its popcorn instead of coconut oil.
Claim: They want to switch back due to the decline in sales of popcorn.
CC: Claim above is false since their own report shows that the popcorn sales have increased.

Strengthen the CC: Other factors that affect the popcorn sales remains constant.

4. 45s
BG: Country K has a high tariff for export cashew nuts, in order to ensure enough unprocessed nuts the dometic plant.
If the tariff is lifted, the unprocessed nuts could be sold at a market price. Farmer profits more.
PM: The nuts plants are located in urban.
CC:  The reduction in employment in urban would be harmed,

Weaken: E