1. Two paleontologists, Dr Tyson and Dr. Rees, disagree over the interpretation of certain footprints that were left among other footprints in hardened volcanic ash at site G. Dr. Tyson claims they are clearly early hominid footprints since they show human characteristics: a squarish heel and a big toe immediately adjacent to the next toe. However, since the footprints indicate that if hominids made those prints they would have had to walk in an unexpected cross-stepping manner, by placing the left foot to the right of the right foot. Dr. Rees rejects Dr. Tyson's conclusion. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines Dr. Tyson's conclusion? --LSAT4 NO.8 (A) The foot prints showing human characteristics were clearly those of at least two distinct individuals. (B) Certain species of bears had feet very like human feet, except that the outside toe on each foot was the biggest toe and the innermost toe was the smallest toe. (C) Footprints shaped like a human's that do not show a cross-stepping pattern exist at site M, which is a mile away from site G, and the two sets of footprints are contemporaneous. (D) When the moist volcanic ash became sealed under additional layers of ash before hardening, some details of some of the footprints were erased. (E) Most of the other footprints at site G were of animals with hooves. Key: B
2. Auto industry executive: Statistics show that cars that were built smaller after 1977 to make them more fuel-efficient had a higher incidence of accident-related fatalities than did their earlier larger counterparts. For this reason we oppose recent guidelines that would require us to produce cars with higher fuel efficiency. Which of the following, if true, would constitute the strongest objection to the executive's argument? --LSAT4 NO.10 (A) Even after 1977, large automobiles were frequently involved in accidents that caused death or serious injury. (B) Although fatalities in accidents involving small cars have increased since 1977, the number of accidents has decreased. (C) New computerized fuel systems can enable large cars to meet fuel efficiency standards established by the recent guidelines. (D) Modern technology can make small cars more fuel-efficient today than at any other time in their production history. (E) Fuel efficiency in models of large cars rose immediately after 1977 but has been declining ever since. Key: C
3. No one who lacks knowledge of a subject is competent to pass judgment on that subject. Since political know-how is a matter, not of adhering to technical rules, but of insight and style learned trough apprenticeship and experience, only seasoned politicians are competent to judge whether a particular political policy is fair to all. A major weakness of the argument is that it --LSAT4 NO.11 (A) relies on a generalization about the characteristic that makes someone competent to pass judgment (B) fails to give specific examples to illustrate how political know-how can be acquired (C) uses the term "apprenticeship" to describe what is seldom a formalized relationship (D) equates political know-how with understanding the social implications of political policies (E) assumes that when inexperienced politicians set policy they are guided by the advice of more experienced politicians Key: E
4 Impact craters caused by meteorites smashing into Earth have been found all around the globe, but they have been found in the greatest density in geologically stable regions. This relatively greater abundance of securely identified crater in geologically stable regions must be explained by the lower rates of destructive geophysical processes in those regions. The conclusion is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed? --LSAT4 NO.12 (A) A meteorite that strikes exactly the same spot as an earlier meteorite will obliterate all traces of the earlier impact. (B) Rates of destructive geophysical processes within any given region vary markedly throughout geological time. (C) The rate at which the Earth is struck by meteorites has greatly increased in geologically recent times. (D) Actual meteorite impacts have been scattered fairly evenly over the Earth's surface in the course of Earth's geological history. (E) The Earth's geologically stable regions have been studied more intensively by geologists than have its less stable regions. Key: D
5. The following appeared in a memorandum from the director of research and development at Ready-to-Ware, a software engineering firm: “The package of benefits and incentives that Ready-to-Ware offers to professional staff is too costly. Our quarterly profits have declined since the package was introduced two years ago, at the time of our incorporation. Moreover, the package had little positive effect, as we have had only marginal success in recruiting and training high-quality professional staff. To become more profitable again, Ready-to-Ware should, therefore, offer the reduced benefits package that was in place two years ago and use the savings to fund our current research and development initiatives.”
1. 45s 这个答案太龌龊了... Argument: T states that the toes were those of humans because the biggest toe come next the second toe R states that these cannot be human's, because human cannot walk in such a style
2. 35s 败掉的题... Conclusion: We should not obey the law requiring fuel efficiency Premise: Since smaller cars involve more fatalities...
Weaken: 偶素觉得...说“现在统计数据更准确，原来不准确”来的不更直接嘛T T 那个答案C， 呃Orz
3. 70s 哥被摧毁了... Conclusion: Only those seasoned know whether a XXX is fair Premise: Since politicians know how is matter not through adherent to technic XXX but through apprentice and experience
FLAW: Those seasoned never go through a apprentice.................... 和答案不同...第四题能不能拯救我？！
9-10 1. 50s Two paleontologists, Dr Tyson and Dr. Rees, disagree over the interpretation of certain footprints that were left among other footprints in hardened volcanic ash at site G. Dr. Tyson claims they are clearly early hominid footprints since they show human characteristics: a squarish heel and a big toe immediately adjacent to the next toe. However, since the footprints indicate that if hominids made those prints they would have had to walk in an unexpected cross-stepping manner, by placing the left foot to the right of the right foot. Dr. Rees rejects Dr. Tyson's conclusion. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines Dr. Tyson's conclusion? --LSAT4 NO.8
Squarish 方形的 Infor: two experts have different opinions about footprint. T: it shows some characteristic about human, such as heel and toe. R: I disagree. It shows a cross-stepping manner.
Weak T: some other animals also have such characteristics.
(A) The foot prints showing human characteristics were clearly those of at least two distinct individuals. (B) Certain species of bears had feet very like human feet, except that the outside toe on each foot was the biggest toe and the innermost toe was the smallest toe. (C) Footprints shaped like a human's that do not show a cross-stepping pattern exist at site M, which is a mile away from site G, and the two sets of footprints are contemporaneous. (D) When the moist volcanic ash became sealed under additional layers of ash before hardening, some details of some of the footprints were erased. (E) Most of the other footprints at site G were of animals with hooves.
这题完全不理解,我觉得应该选D阿，B说，except that the outside toe on each foot was the biggest toe and the innermost toe was the smallest toe.这个应该是在特征上看的出来的啊，不理解~~
Bat 给我讲讲？
2. 20s 2. Auto industry executive: Statistics show that cars that were built smaller after 1977 to make them more fuel-efficient had a higher incidence of accident-related fatalities than did their earlier larger counterparts. For this reason we oppose recent guidelines that would require us to produce cars with higher fuel efficiency. Which of the following, if true, would constitute the strongest objection to the executive's argument? --LSAT4 NO.10
Executive: the cars that are more fuel-efficient have higher accident rates Conclusion: we should not follow the new rules that require us produce fuel-efficient cars.
Weaken: the cars made after 1977 have other problems (A) Even after 1977, large automobiles were frequently involved in accidents that caused death or serious injury. (B) Although fatalities in accidents involving small cars have increased since 1977, the number of accidents has decreased. (C) New computerized fuel systems can enable large cars to meet fuel efficiency standards established by the recent guidelines. (D) Modern technology can make small cars more fuel-efficient today than at any other time in their production history. (E) Fuel efficiency in models of large cars rose immediately after 1977 but has been declining ever since. Key: C involved with other things.
3. 45s No one who lacks knowledge of a subject is competent to pass judgment on that subject. Since political know-how is a matter, not of adhering to technical rules, but of insight and style learned trough apprenticeship and experience, only seasoned politicians are competent to judge whether a particular political policy is fair to all. A major weakness of the argument is that it --LSAT4 NO.11
Competent 能够胜任的 Infor: Someone wants to pass judge exam must have knowledge. Conclusion: old politicians have experience to judge a law is fair or not.
Weaken: experience cannot help to judge a law.
(A) relies on a generalization about the characteristic that makes someone competent to pass judgment (B) fails to give specific examples to illustrate how political know-how can be acquired (C) uses the term "apprenticeship" to describe what is seldom a formalized relationship (D) equates political know-how with understanding the social implications of political policies (E) assumes that when inexperienced politicians set policy they are guided by the advice of more experienced politicians Key: E
4. 25s Impact craters caused by meteorites smashing into Earth have been found all around the globe, but they have been found in the greatest density in geologically stable regions. This relatively greater abundance of securely identified crater in geologically stable regions must be explained by the lower rates of destructive geophysical processes in those regions. The conclusion is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed? --LSAT4 NO.12
Premise: the most great density of caters in the stable place. Conclusion: that is because there is no destructive process.
Assumption: the destructive process can ruin the caters.
(A) A meteorite that strikes exactly the same spot as an earlier meteorite will obliterate all traces of the earlier impact. (B) Rates of destructive geophysical processes within any given region vary markedly throughout geological time. (C) The rate at which the Earth is struck by meteorites has greatly increased in geologically recent times. (D) Actual meteorite impacts have been scattered fairly evenly over the Earth's surface in the course of Earth's geological history. (E) The Earth's geologically stable regions have been studied more intensively by geologists than have its less stable regions. Key: d support the premise
50s Premise: Two 什么学家来着，one holds opinion that the footprints are similar to human, another holds that the cross-stepping manner is different from human's. conclusion：Two 什么学家hold different opinions. One against another. Weaken: The evidence of animal's toes shape is not crucial to determine the similarity between human and animals. 和bat同感，不明白except后面的内容，好像感觉没什么太大意义啊。
23s Premise：The new smaller cars have higher fuel efficiency with higher accidents than the old style cars. Conclusion: Reject to use the guideline with higher fuel efficiency cars. Weaken: The data collected from the samples is too limited.
50s Premise: No one can be competent without experience. Conclusion: Experience is not enough since only seasonal politicians can compete. Weaken: ~~~~想不出来,不明白答案~~ (E) assumes that when inexperienced politicians set policy they are guided by the advice of more experienced politicians
45s Premise：The impact of meteorites occurred, and there is relative greater abundance of meteorites around the global. Conclusion: This relative greater abundance is not caused by the destruction. Assumption: The destruction will cause large abundance of meteorites around the global.
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发表于 2011-9-10 15:08:44
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