关于means的一个问题

liumin617

以下摘自曼哈顿语法P160
MEANS

RIGHT: music education is A MEANS TO improved cognition

WRONG: music education is A MEANS OF improved cognition
             music education is A means for improved cognition
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

其实我对这个说法有点confuse, 因为means of transportation是我们经常的用法, 所以麻烦牛牛们帮忙解答一下为什么wrong里面的of用法不对, 谢谢拉

liumin617

ding

v19suffered

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-488919-1-1.html?SearchText=means

as a means to和as a means of都存在，查了半天没找到两者的明显区别，但看了些例子，发现as a means of后加名词形式的比较多，比如as a means of transportaion, as a means of protection，而 as a means to后加短语的比较多, 比如 as a means to an end, as a means to build wealth...

hope this helps
-- by 会员 lpilikeit (2010/10/7 11:51:49)

v19suffered

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-187221-1-1.html?SearchText=means

means to A:  指的是通向目标A的方式
means of  A: 指的是A这种方式
一个强调目标，一个强调方式

-- by 会员 ruoqingwu (2008/2/9 3:27:00)

liumin617

谢谢ls啦~~

plainn

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-187221-1-1.html?SearchText=means

means to A:  指的是通向目标A的方式
means of  A: 指的是A这种方式
一个强调目标，一个强调方式

-- by 会员 ruoqingwu (2008/2/9 3:27:00)

-- by 会员 v19suffered (2011/1/11 15:21:33)

Exactly. Here is a more vivid explanation from GMAT expert.


'Means' is used in two idiomatically correct expressions as noted below. These expressions however have different meanings:

x {as a means of} y = x is a type of y
x {as a means to} y = x is a method to achieve y

For example:
Walking is a means of exercise.
Some people use walking as a means to stay fit.

We will now put this in the context of the sentence in question:

City is stressing arts as a means to greater economic development
The usage of expression as a means to is appropriate here since "arts" is a method to achieve "greater economic development.

Thus, whenever you have to make the decision between using "as a means to" or "as a means of" always check which of the two meanings will make sense:
"a type of" or "a method to achieve"

kakadinho

plainn 发表于 2012-5-19 14:01
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-187221-1-1.html?SearchText=means

楼上，那 a means to 的这个to到底是prep.还是不定时符号，也就是说，下列到底是哪个呀，不能都可以吧：
a means to noun, a means to do

楼主给的例子是 a means to improved cognition(noun);
你给的例子是 a means to stay fit (infinitive)，但你又给了 a means to greater economic development

所以我糊涂了。to到底是啥在这里