PREP VERBAL里面的一道题引申出的多个语法点，求解惑

qzw88888

On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

A.        On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
B.        With a law passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
C.        A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding
D.        Because of a law passed in 1933 making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold
E.        Due to a law being passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold

答案是D。
1.） 问题1在于原文，如果A选项后半部分改成", making it a crime punishable by imprisionment for United States citizen to hold"，那可以成为正确选项么？根据国外ron说法因为习惯用法，a crime...for... to do所以排除ABC，如果A满足了这个习惯用法，是否可以成为正确的。还是说因为making it a crime与后文的immigrants逻辑不符，所以还是错的？
2.） 还有一个问题请教一下各位，在D,E选项中的"making", "being passed"在文中是什么成分啊，我只理解 “，+V-ing" 的形式。这种不加逗号的算是什么语法点？这里的it是指代前面的law么？Making是修饰什么的呢？

额外的困惑，ELROY大神在OG12全解中，对于it作不定代词做了以下补充：

“it 后面加名词 it只能指代to do ,不能是that 从句

On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable byimprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion orcoins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had tosurrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

这个句子是错误的， it不能指代that后面一整句。”

我不确定“it 后面加名词 it只能指代to do ,不能是that 从句”（ELROY的解释有时候有一些绝对）这句话是否正确？没有看到过相关解释的题目。求大神给予相关例子，或者给予确认。谢谢大神们，不好意思问题比较多。麻烦各位了。

enkyklios

qzw88888 发表于 2013-7-25 02:55
了解了！非常感谢，可以帮我再看一下8楼的题么？这么晚还能给我解答，你也是美国党么 ...

不好意思！刚才出门有点事
four times as many Americans (主语） were killed  主句
as（） would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.（比较状语从句）
（）代表从句省略了主语。

这里第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。这都比较简单。主要是后边的省略需要下点功夫才能掌握，两个as中间的内容一般是形容词居多。（第一个as为副词修饰形容词）本句中的four time s as many 本来是形容词的比较级形式，这是它的一个变体

qzw88888

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-25 01:42
这个结构叫作动名词复合结构。所以不宜再继续分析内部的成份。就像独立主格你不能在它里边再继续拆分
其它 ...

了解了！非常感谢，可以帮我再看一下8楼的题么？这么晚还能给我解答，你也是美国党么

enkyklios

qzw88888 发表于 2013-7-25 01:31
不是作定语的话，总该算作个成分吧？我看到其他很多句子里都有名词后面加V-ING的形式（没有逗号的），就 ...

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qzw88888

可以顺便帮我看一下这道题么？
In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.
(A) Americans were killed as
(B) Americans were killed than
(C) Americans were killed than those who
(D) more Americans were killed as there
(E) more Americans were killed as those who
一直弄不懂AS ... AS 的比较， 不知道AS ... AS 中间应该放什么，后面应该补出什么。 可以帮我分析一下这句话的成分么？找不到主语。。。。AS.. AS算是什么成分呢? 插入语？
我觉得你的大搜魂系列可以开一个AS... AS的帖子，考到了很多呢

qzw88888

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-25 00:59
这里不是作定语，passed in ……是定语
because of a law making it a crime .是一个整体。确切的说a law  ...

不是作定语的话，总该算作个成分吧？我看到其他很多句子里都有名词后面加V-ING的形式（没有逗号的），就是不知道怎么理解。
不好意思，小弟愚笨求熊哥详细解释。

enkyklios

qzw88888 发表于 2013-7-25 00:44
谢狗熊哥，以上还有一个问题。就是这个makeing在正确句子里是做什么成分的？是不是作后置定语，修饰law， ...

because of a law making it a crime .是一个整体。确切的说a law making it a crime是一个整体。

qzw88888

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-24 17:25
我也认为这里把 it后加名词……当成一个规则有点绝对了，
这个规则前半句”只能用to do "当然不对，后半句 ...

谢狗熊哥，以上还有一个问题。就是这个makeing在正确句子里是做什么成分的？是不是作后置定语，修饰law，表主动逻辑关系?
昨天看了你的大搜魂真是受益匪浅，欣赏你精益求精的精神。

enkyklios

额外的困惑，ELROY大神在OG12全解中，对于it作不定代词做了以下补充：
“it 后面加名词 it只能指代to do ,不能是that 从句
On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable byimprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion orcoins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had tosurrender all of the gold they had brought with them.
这个句子是错误的， it不能指代that后面一整句

我也认为这里把 it后加名词……当成一个规则有点绝对了，
这个规则前半句”只能用to do "当然不对，后半句不能用that从句也值得商榷；
例如；这句话来自于词典
He was allowed to go out , but his parents made it a condition that he should get home before midnight .

关于A我认为还是不妥。因为on account of / because of  a …… making 是一个整体，不能拆开。加逗号以后变成了两个modifier.没有办法理解

qzw88888

please help