OG13 SC-7用法和代词指代问题附SC-123再发一遍求NN解释

半夏死磕GT

7. The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.

(A) having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it

(B) having hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that they

(C) with its hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain scientists’ assuming that they

(D) with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain scientists’ assuming that it

(E) with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that it


答案是E，虽然通过主谓一致和代词能判断出来。但是对with的用法和it指代有疑问
with做独立主格时，逻辑主语是句子主语。在这个结构中，是就近修饰the compound insect eye？
还有it代词的指代问题。我们判断it代词指代是根据逻辑意思来判断，这里是否有指代The intricate structure的歧义？

123. Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.
(A) they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease

(B) after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine, they began growing again

(C) in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, which was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again

(D) with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular red wine, they began growing again

(E) a reduced risk of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started them growing again


这两题都是A of B 的指代问题，上一题指代B，这一题指代A，我们做题的时候要怎么判断是否有代词指代歧义

zincgirl

谢谢谢谢

njubei07

指代不清楚不会成为主考点，很多OA都存在逻辑上指代清楚，语法上指代模糊的情况，所以不能靠指代作为kick out答案的标准

the compound insect eye 可以拥有miniature eyes ，结构是不能拥有的
这里不是独立主格，called ommatidia, 作定语修饰eyes

独立主格的情况有：
(1) with + 宾语 + 形容词　　
The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随）　　
(2) with + 宾语 + 介词短语　　
The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式）　　
(3) with + 宾语 + 副词　　
The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）　　
(4) with + 宾语 + 现在分词　　
Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）　　
(5) with + 宾语 + 过去分词　　
If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. （表方式）　　
(6) with + 宾语 + 不定式　　
With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn’t sleep well. （表原因）　


第二题你问的是sales of wine, 为何they指代sales？ 还是那句话，A of B 指代不会成为主考点