求教Prep07-Q3的状语相关问题~~~~【this tread has closed】

Gloriafighting

3.    (24557-!-item-!-188;#058&001027)

Less than 35 yearsafter the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendants, popularly known as killer bees, hadmigrated as far north as southern Texas.

(A) Less than 35years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

(B) In less than35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

(C) In less thanthe 35 years since African honeybees had been released outside Sao Paulo,Brazil,

(D) It took lessthan 35 years from the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,when

(E) It took lessthan the 35 years after the time that African honeybees were released outsideSao Paulo, Brazil, and then

考点: 逻辑表达（Logical Predication）、动词形式（Verb Form）、指代一致（Agreement）

1) 分词短语在句首起状语作用,逻辑主语等于句子主语

2) it不能指代介词短语, it可以指代主语从句和不定式结构: It is difficult to do this research. It is important that we finish ontime. 在这两个例子中it分别指代to do this research和that从句

3) 现在完成时的时间状语

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in pastyears…

(A) 正确, after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题; less than 35 years after …符合习惯用法

(B) sincereleasing放在句首,逻辑主语等于句子的主语their descendants, 不符合逻辑; since是现在完成时的标志和had migrated矛盾; since的使用不符合习惯用法

(C) since是现在完成时的标志和had migrated矛盾; since的使用不符合习惯用法

(D) it不能指代介词短语from the release…

(E) it不能指代介词短语from the release…

求教A/B/C前半句的选项分析~~~~ABC前面的这个“less than 35 years after……”这个到底是什么成分 confusing啊！！！！谢谢同学们~~

问题补充：

我先说说我对正确句子的看法：
Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendants, popularly known as killer bees, had migrated as far north as southern Texas.

（问题1）我highlight了主谓，我觉得前面after是做had migrated时间状语（就是你说的verb modifer），问题是这个less than 35 years是干什么的呢？？修饰after the release of blablah的吗？


在说B/C错误选项里。
(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
(C) In less thanthe 35 years since African honeybees had been released outside Sao Paulo,Brazil,
（问题2） 我按解析的理解是“since……”同样是时间状语，修饰had migrated，这才有了语法笔记里解释的的B的releasing的逻辑主语是their descedants，以及C选项里面的“since……”与had migrated的tense不符的问题。问题是，前面的这个in the less 35 years是干嘛的？？修饰谁？


希望我把自己的问题讲清楚了~

liuyixin0601

和LZ同困惑，表示无法理解

Gloriafighting

就是嘛，SC学到最后还是应该从大处着手

-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2012/8/31 23:39:48)

恩恩~谢谢DD啦~

DUKB24

就是嘛，SC学到最后还是应该从大处着手

Gloriafighting

所以大家就把A这个“less than 35 years after……”直接当做一个time frame就好了~~~，而这个时间点是过去时，所以主句说明的是“直到过去时间点migrated了多少人“，所以用过去完成时“had migrated”

Gloriafighting

然后Ron也说了A这里的less than 35 years确实有点不是很好，但是不太影响这个句子，即便有点小小的awkward。

jenizaros wrote:
Why the option A uses "Less than 35 years after..." rather than "In less than 35 years after..." ?

Ron wrote：
i'm with you on this one; i'd likewise prefer a wording such as 'in less than 35 years after...', because, in my opinion, it better conveys the idea that the migrations took place continuously over the 35-year period. just plain 'less than' seemed to me, and possibly to you as well, to suggest that the migrations might have occurred all at once.

in any case, though, you've got to remember that correctness trumps clarity (and definitely trumps concision as well). therefore, differences in wording, such as this one, are trifling in comparison to actual errors in usage, grammar, diction, or idiom. i think both of us will agree that there is no idiom error in the wording chosen here; it's just a somewhat awkward wording (a situation by no means uncommon on the real test).

Gloriafighting

粘贴上Ron对ABCDE的解释，无敌赞~~

this is a tricky one.

if you were narrating in the present tense, you'd say the following: 'as of today, the bees have migrated as far north as southern texas.' therefore, since this sentence describes a situation in the past (it describes the situation 35 years after the release, which is before the present), you translate all present-tense verbs into the past tense. this turns 'have migrated' into 'had migrated'.

there is no explicit description of the 'second event' you're looking for in this problem, which is what makes it difficult. instead, the 'second event' is the point on the timeline, 35 years after the release of the bees. because the sentence describes a trend whose relevance continues up to and through that point, a perfect tense is appropriate.

wrong answers:
* choice b implies that the honeybees' descendants somehow released them (perhaps a very bizarre case of karmic cycles, but absurd no matter what).
* choice c: 'the 35 years since' implies that the present is 35 years after the release date. not only does this conflict with the meaning of the original, but it also renders the past perfect (from the underlined part) inappropriate: you'd need present perfect in this case. also, since the release is a point event, it would belong in the simple past.
* choice d: in this sentence, the commas + non-essential modifier ('..., when') seem to imply that the descendants' migration took place simultaneously with the release of the original honeybees. in addition, in this sentence, 'it' refers to some unspecified event (it can't refer to the descendants' migration, for the aforementioned reasons).
* choice e: all kinds of problems with this one. if you don't see what's wrong with it, reply and we will elaborate.

Gloriafighting

谢谢DD，我去看看~~昨天晚上我也想google的，不知怎么滴又打不开了~


谢谢谢谢了~~~

DUKB24

umm可能是我说的不够清楚

一早起来google了一下manhattan的instructor的解释


他们也认为是adverbial modifier啊


别那么纠结：http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/gmatprep-question-need-help-t1864.html

Gloriafighting

还是不是很懂呀！如果less than是modifer，那麽less than这个是修饰谁的呢？