OG12-95，107 关于代持指代的问题

ahwang

我对于代持指代的规则掌握的比较弱，虽然有看到NN写的这么句话，但还是没法快速运用。

“代词是GMAT的一个重要考点，经常会出现代词指代不清的错误，特别是代词前有多个名词的时候，此时主语的代词能够清晰指代，但是宾语的代词就只能根据句意来判断了。

（1）it，which，this，they，that都是指代名词，不能只带前面的动作

（2）做主语的代词优先指代主语！！！！！！！！！这个原则非常NB，有它做题能省一半力气。

我做过的所有题当中，只有旧prep-1的第一题跟这个原则不相符，其他都符合。考试凡是见到it或者they出现在主语的位置上，一定要敏感，立刻往前找，看能不能对应得上！！！！！！”



95.The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over
them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air
that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves."

(A)crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(B)crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
(C)crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
D)stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(E)stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

答案选c，不明白这里的them是否会有指代不清的问题呢？到底是指前面的 flow pattern还是紧跟着的crests and troughs ？
另外E为啥不行呢？解释是The subordinate clause in the passive voice following although is awkward and unclear. 不是很明白


107. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which
can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.

(A)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(B)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission
(C)A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(D)A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
(E)A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced X-ray emission,

答案是A，但此处的it，为啥没出指代混乱的问题呢？

ppher

关于95 “them”的指代我有问题: 分号前面的them依就近指代应指代ripples(还是依句意指代peaks?)，而分号后面的them明确指向crests and troughs，如此不会有同句中指代ambiguous的问题吗?  

OG12-87中，分号前后的两个their皆指代vintners，则无此问题，OG12-95分号前后两个them该做何解释?  请NN解惑了!!

-- by 会员 ppher (2011/8/8 12:54:28)

继续顶

ppher

关于95 “them”的指代我有问题: 分号前面的them依就近指代应指代ripples(还是依句意指代peaks?)，而分号后面的them明确指向crests and troughs，如此不会有同句中指代ambiguous的问题吗?  

OG12-87中，分号前后的两个their皆指代vintners，则无此问题，OG12-95分号前后两个them该做何解释?  请NN解惑了!!

dcrh86

顶啊 好多帖子都问这个IT的指代 NN解答下啊。。。为什么it没有优先指代；后面句子的主语emission而是指代了介词短语里面的成分

ahwang

顶下，虽然问题弱了点

ahwang

95.肯定没问题，因为flow pattern是单数。。。。只有紧紧跟着的crests and troughs是复数，注意代词是them
对选项E的解释就是although的那个从句是被动语态，因此awkward and unclear(GMAC不喜欢被动语态）

107.不会
chemical elements是复数，也只有substance是单数。

-- by 会员 弗拉多 (2011/8/3 1:25:25)

对了，107的疑问在于，it会不会有可能是指代emission？

ahwang

95.肯定没问题，因为flow pattern是单数。。。。只有紧紧跟着的crests and troughs是复数，注意代词是them
对选项E的解释就是although的那个从句是被动语态，因此awkward and unclear(GMAC不喜欢被动语态）

107.不会
chemical elements是复数，也只有substance是单数。

-- by 会员 弗拉多 (2011/8/3 1:25:25)

谢谢回答
这里答案是没有问题的，
我的疑问在于，在判断代词指代的题目时，其原则是否在于如果能够清晰地找出it /they/ them等代词的指代对象，那么这个指代就是没有问题？
反过来说，比如上述两个例子，如果前面有出现两个复数，则them在指代的时候，就需要去分辨到底是指代哪个？或者说再这种情况下的指代（如果难以分辨出是指代哪个），就是有问题的？
问题比较拗口，呵呵

弗拉多

95可看本帖
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-575381-2-1.html

10楼解释

弗拉多

95.肯定没问题，因为flow pattern是单数。。。。只有紧紧跟着的crests and troughs是复数，注意代词是them
对选项E的解释就是although的那个从句是被动语态，因此awkward and unclear(GMAC不喜欢被动语态）

107.不会
chemical elements是复数，也只有substance是单数。