请教语法点一个。。。多谢

pighappy

Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mo-D excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization (that flourished at the same time as the civilizations) in the Nile Delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.

我的疑问是，这里的that是指代civilization吗？ 比较的时候，感觉是site和civilization比较~~ 我想请教下，是不是that也和which一样指代最近的的一个名词？ 多谢。。。

jtrchina

正好遇到还有一题，

(Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,) is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.

答案说这个表述是正确的，并且 which指代的是technique。。。为什么这里which 不指代X-ray Emission呢？ 不是更近吗？ 怎么看出来呢？ 多谢

-- by 会员 pighappy (2010/5/21 10:07:02)

语法上讲修饰两者皆可，一个有效性问题而非正确性

此处technique与proton-induced X-ray emission皆可作which的主语，称呼不同(Called)而已，故无歧义：
That man killed a boy called jack,who was only 10 years old. 无论boy与jack皆可被10岁修饰

当然
此处which修饰technique更佳。因为technique是核心词。called proton-induced X-ray emission只对其进行补充修饰。核心词重要性>修饰部分，因为修饰只是补充，而核心词不可或缺，故可跳跃修饰部分，指向句子中心词

Hope it helps!

pighappy

正好遇到还有一题，

(Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,) is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.

答案说这个表述是正确的，并且 which指代的是technique。。。为什么这里which 不指代X-ray Emission呢？ 不是更近吗？ 怎么看出来呢？ 多谢

jtrchina

什么时候可以指代site呢？ that一定是指代最近的那个名词吗？

-- by 会员 pighappy (2010/5/21 9:39:05)

时而根据语义可以跳跃修饰  不推荐  会导致对修饰主体的误解产生 比如这题(常用单复区别弥补)
例：I am writting posts in CD in China while having breakfast that are to make clear the use of "that".
举例所以刻意夸张了修饰  由于that are向前只有posts一处复数，故即使其中干扰再多亦无歧义。单复数区别是一个很好的澄清途径

原则上一切修饰应尽量靠近修饰对象以避免歧义

pighappy

什么时候可以指代site呢？ that一定是指代最近的那个名词吗？

jtrchina

我的疑问是，这里的that是指代civilization吗？ 比较的时候，感觉是site和civilization比较~~ 我想请教下，是不是that也和which一样指代最近的的一个名词？ 多谢。。。

that主语发出者是civilization，that flourished at the same time as the civilizations整个比较作为that从句内容修饰civilization。

为什么括号里的部分那个both是错的？

破坏了平行。both  in …… and Duke Elliington，缺少介词in构建平行

pighappy

还有一个问题

(Thelonious Mark, the jazz pianist and composer, produced a body of work that was rooted both) in the stirde-piano tradition of Wilie Smith and Duke Elliington, yet in many ways he stood apart from the mainstream jazz repertory.

为什么括号里的部分那个both是错的？og的答案看不明白。。。
正确的答案是 Jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk produced a body of work that was rooted...

youngerlee

that肯定不仅仅就近指代.

但是此句我也不明白同求解.莫非是site不可能flourish所以直接不管...?