- UID
- 282462
- 在线时间
- 小时
- 注册时间
- 2007-10-10
- 最后登录
- 1970-1-1
- 主题
- 帖子
- 性别
- 保密
|
| 电梯直达 ![]()
1层 楼主
![]() 发表于 2013-3-21 16:02 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
第一类是出现在句首，表明主语（动作的发出者）做了什么，就是open modifier
15.Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, and create a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.
25.Using accounts of various ancient writers,scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, "the good goddess".
28.Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of other wild and domestic resources.
36.Dressed as a man and using the name Robert Shurtleff, Deborah Sampson, the first woman to draw a soldier's pension, joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become too ill to serve.
79. Defense attorneys have occasionally argued that their client's misconduct stemmed from a reaction to something ingested, but if criminal or delinquent behavior is attributed to an allergy to some food, the perpetrators are in effect told that they are not responsible for their action.
原句“in attributing criminal…”在but 引导的句子中，显然是open modifier “the perpetrators”不和逻辑
第二类，表前面句子产生的结果
21.Retail sales rose 0.8 of 1 percent in August, intensifying expectations that personal spending in the July-September quarter would more than double the 1.4 percent growth rate in personal spending for the previous quarter.
37.Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886,outnumber her letters to anyone else.
原句“were written over…”是主句，“outnumberingher letters to anyone else”表结果，是不正确的，两者没有automatic and essentially unavoidable consequence
47.Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.
“Five fledgling sea eagles left…”导致了number的上升
59.The Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world，for a sacred truce was proclaimed during the month of festival.
选项B“proclaiming a sacred…”不符合逻辑意思，因为主句是说奥利helped to keep peace，后面的内容显然是解释怎么help，是因果关系，用doing是本末倒置。
65.In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Crops of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.
“absorbing …and protecting…”是前面“would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer ”产生的结果，也可以理解为对buffer作用的补充。
78.Fossils of the arm of a sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on the Greater Antilles Islands.
“making”表示前面的事实带来的结果，其他选项中“made”不符合逻辑，fossiles不能made sloth known
94.The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system, leading to a 55 percent increase in delays at airports and prompting fear among some officials that safety is being compromised.
111. A mutual fund having billions of dollars in assets will typically invest that money in hundreds of companies, rarely holding more than one percent of the shares of any particular corporation
1.The Glass House Mountains in Queensland, Australia, were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, who so named them supposedly because their sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
选项C“naming them supposedly…”是修饰前面整个句子的，不合逻辑，不能明确动作的发出者，也不能体现出是在过去时间点发出的动作。
第三类补充说明/表状态或伴随
19.The Iroquois were primarily planters, although they supplemented their cultivation of maize, squash, and beans with fishing and hunting
选项A“but supplementing”，supplementing是补充说明were primarily planters，和but表达的意思本来是矛盾的
124.Found throughout Central and South America, the sloth hangs from trees by its long rubbery limbs, sleeping 15 hours a day and moving so infrequently that two species of algae grow on its coat and between its toes.
Hang sleep 和move三个动词显然不是并列关系，sleeping和moving是表示hang时候的状态。
134.Recently implemented "shift-work equations" based on studies of the human sleep cycle have reduced sickness, sleeping on the job, and fatigue among shift workers while raisingproduction efficiency in various industries.
While引导的状语从句
48. Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America's Lake Superior.
87. According to scientists who monitored its path, an expanding cloud of energized particles ejected from the Sun recently triggered a large storm in the magnetic field that surrounds Earth, brightening the Northern Lights and possibly knocking out a communications satellite.
第四类，修饰名词
21.Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
句子强调的是Neuroscientists过去已经做了什么，而现在又做了什么，重点是现在做了什么，且前后有轻微的对比关系。Having引导的成分修饰Neuroscientists。
再看选项D和E“ have amassed”变成了句子的谓语，“are now drawing”变成了“drawing”若理解为伴随，从逻辑意思和时态上都是不正确的因为主句是have引导的完成时。
而且Neuroscientists,现在做的“drawing solid conclusions”和之前的“having amassed a wealth of knowledge”没有automatic and essentially unavoidable consequence，所以也是不正确的。
30.For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, protectingwarriors against enemy arrows and spears.
Protecting前面的句子是系动词，所以既可以认为是修饰主语也可以认为是修饰宾语，因为两者相等的，这里用Protecting准确的补充说明了animal-hide shields的功用，“to protect”用在逗号后表目的，与前面“A is B”多表达的内容不符。
42.Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
“an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles”的核心词是filigree，“spawned… and extending…”都是修饰filigree，doing表示extend持续到现在。
66.The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.
B选项“growing as big as”错误的修饰了The 32 species。
95.The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them；the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves".
“acting like rocks in a streambed”修饰The peaks of a mountain range
103.Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world's social wasps, wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of females--the queen and her sterile female workers.
“consisting almost entirely of females”修饰society。“highly cooperative”，“organized”和“consisting”并列
133.Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rate Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting adult sea turtles.
表示法律法规的具体内容用doing
7. The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.
原句中“The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature”产生歧义，不知是structure having 还是 eye having
65. Digging in sediments in northern China, scientists have gathered evidence suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than previously thought
|
|
|
|
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号
发表于 2013-8-27 22:13:31
收藏
收藏
