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今天做新东方蓝皮书发现第P182题做错了然而给出得答案不能理解所以来chasedream求教，结果大家也是吵的不可开交觉得都有标准答案作证。后来小的发现大家争论的题目有细微的差别。显然蓝皮书的题目是一个改动题但改的不严谨才会给大家疑惑。
先看P182页的题目
Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement’s argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.
(B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.
(C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.
(D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor’s prescription.
(E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
给出得标准答案为D，小的认为本题无最好答案，因为既然药剂师就能开药还提去医院看病干嘛？当然暗含着这药事医生给开的，所以此选项应该是无关选项，当然这也并不是我要讲的一个重点所以大家不必深究。
再看OG10
Situation s. An advertisement claims that Novex is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain since three out of four hospitals use it for patients.
Reasoning What paint undermines the advertisement's claim? The argument for Novex's effectiveness as a painkiller is based upon the hospitals' usage. Consider what might be driving the hospitals' choice of medications to administer. Three out of four hospitals might be giving their patients Novex not because it is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, but because it is inexpensive. If this is the case, the argument is seriously undermined.
AOther kinds of pain are irrelevant to the argument since the claim is only about sinus pain.
BThis point does not undermine the advertisement's claim.
CCorrect. This statement properly identifies a factor that could well undermine the advertisement's claim: the hospitals may be using this medication because it is the most cost effective for them.
DNovex's nonprescription formula is not relevant to the claim.
E
This point strengthens, rather than weakens, the claim. The correct answer is C.
大家有没有发现两个题目构造的不同？ 前者称为用原理条件推导事实性结论的构造，后者是用事实现象推导解释性结论。他们的结论并不相同，消弱方向也是不同的。OG的解答印证了这点（注意题目的选项取代的是the drug is the most effective，所以这个必须是条件，因为如果是结论是无法被取代的。）
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发表于 2011-11-10 10:16:39
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