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两题的题干没有明显不同，为什么71就被定性为"因果“？从哪里可以看出这个方案被评估过了？
71. In order to improve the long-term savings rate of its citizens, Levaska’s government has decided to introduce special savings accounts. Citizens can save up to $3,000 a year in special accounts without having to pay tax on the interest, unless they withdraw money from the account before they reach the age of sixty-five. If they do withdraw any money before that age, they have to pay tax on the accumulated interest and a penalty. Which of the following, if true, most seriously threatens the success of the government’s plan? A. The banks and financial institutions where the special accounts will be held lobbied hard for their introduction. B. Nearly all workers in Levaska can already save money in tax-free accounts through their workplace. C. For the past ten years, Levaskans have been depositing an ever smaller percentage of their income in long-term savings. D. Many Levaskans continue to work beyond the age of sixty-five. E. In certain circumstances, such as a serious illness, the government plans to waive the penalty on early withdrawals from the special accounts. 1. 由问题问法得知，此题是评估类的题目。
2. 找到前提和结论： 结论句是：Levaska’s government has decided to introduce special savings accounts. 3. 判断推理模式： 首先排除类比和统计枚举，由于原文中涉及了方案，所以考虑一下是否是方案推理。但是发现，“方案”（to introduce special savings accounts）在原文中被论证过。即原文中认为这个方案可以刺激存款是有原因的。所以该题目为因果模式推理。 前提（因）是：“特殊账户可以让公民存的长期存款在一定额度上免税，若提前支取，需要支付税费和罚款” 结论（果）是：“为了增加公民的长期存款率，政府决定引入特殊储蓄账户”
78. To improve the long-term savings rate of the citizens of Levaska, the country's legislature decided to implement a plan that allows investors to save up to $1,000 per year in special accounts without paying taxes on the interest earned unless withdrawals are made before the investor reaches age sixty-five. Withdrawals from these accounts prior to age sixty-five would result in the investor's having to pay taxes on all the accumulated interest at the time of withdrawal. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the legislature's plan will have its intended effect? A. The money saved in the tax-free savings accounts will be deposited primarily in those banks and financial institutions that supported the legislation instituting the plan. B. The majority of people choosing to take advantage of the tax-free savings accounts will withdraw their money prior to age sixty-five. C. A significant number of the citizens of Levaska will invest in the tax-free savings accounts well before they reach the age of sixty-five. D. During the ten years prior to implementation of the plan, Levaskans deposited an increasingly smaller percentage of their annual income in long-term savings accounts. E. People who are not citizens of Levaska are not eligible to invest in the tax-free savings accounts, even if their income is taxable in Levaska. 1. 由问题问法得知，此题是评估类的题目。 2. 找到前提和结论： 其实本题一共只有两句话，第一句话很明显的包括了一个目标和一个待实施的方案。而第二句话是在完善这个方案的内容。所以第一句话是结论句。 3. 判断推理模式： 该论证中显然涉及到了一个方案，而且该方案没有被评估过（论证中最后一句话是方案的内容介绍），所以我们由此可知，本题肯定是方案推理。 目标：“为了吸引长期存款” 方案：“设置一个每年存1000美元的特殊账户。” | 
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发表于 2014-4-5 23:06:21
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