白勇语法一道题，请NN帮忙解答一下，谢谢！

43.  The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.  D (E)
                

(A) The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

(B) The United States petroleum industry’s cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

(C) By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry’s cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

(D) To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

(E) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

答案是E，为什么D不对呢？

Choice A, B, C, and D are awkward and confusing.
In A, for example, the issue is not the industry's cost but the cost to the industry;
also, to meet should be of meeting here,
projected at is unidiomatic,
and by the end of the decade is placed so that its meaning is unclear.

B and C suffer from many of the same problems.
 
The wording of D implies that cost… is estimated in order to meet environmental regulations.

E alone makes a logical statement and varies verb tense to indicate that the issue is present estimates of future costs. The question is moderately difficult.

A里面的of meeting:不是“成本为了达到环保标准”，逻辑错误，成本不可能去meet标准，应该是工业去meet标准。

D里面to meet放在最前面，意思成了：成本的被估计是为了达到环保标准。逻辑意思不合理。合理的逻辑应该是“工业要达到环保标准的成本经过估计是多少多少”

by the end of the decade位置错误，变成了修饰整个句子，也就是修饰is estimated去了。