[作文] [作文]A165 考前热身 求拍

最近脑筋迟钝，找不会流利淡定的感觉~ 还得多写多练，在考试前努力才行~

[165]

Humans arrived in the Kaliko Islands about7,000 years ago, and within 3,000 years most of the large mammal species thathad lived in the forests of the Kaliko Islands were extinct. Previousarchaeological findings have suggested that early humans generally relied onboth fishing and hunting for food; since archaeologists have discoverednumerous sites in the Kaliko Islands where the bones of fish were discarded, itis likely that the humans also hunted the mammals. Furthermore, researchershave uncovered simple tools, such as stone knives, that could be used forhunting. The only clear explanation is that humans caused the extinction of thevarious mammal species through excessive hunting.

[Write a response in which you discuss oneor more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation andexplain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presentedin the argument.]

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The speaker considers the reason for the extinction of the mammal species in Kaliko island (K island) is only because of the excessive hunting of the humans there. In view of the indirect evidence heprovides in this argument, I suppose it is not reasonable to rule out otherpossibilities contributing to the extinction and alternative explanations should be taken into account as well.

The most possible reason for the extinction, I'd like to first point out, is the huge changes in the living environment in K island. After all, 3000 years is such a long period that even allows the shift from a mountain to a sea. The natural selection of these sorts of huge environment changes could be the main force to rule out the specieswhich cannot fit with the new natural conditions. Changes like long-period ice ages, continuous droughts or big floods, eruptions of volcano, and even the impact of some falling stones, can make the living conditions no longer favorable for the mammals any more. Considering the fact that the wild mammals cannot make use of tools to keep them warm, store food and water, and building shelters to avoid the disasters and poor conditions effectively like humans,they are likely to be driven to endanger, leaving the only surviving mammal species--humans--there.

Another main natural selecting force could be out of other species or living things. Instead of being hunted by humans, other horrible predators could be even more dangerous to the mammals, like bigcats--tigers. Maybe at that time, compared with the immature hunting skills of humans, the wild hunters could be more harmful to the mammals. After all,comparing with the sharp teeth of the tigers, the stone knives of humans maynot be that dangerous, let alone the fast speed and great power of the tigers. Also, there could be some diseases caused by virus and microorganisms leading to the extinction of mammals. The mammals cannot effectively make drugs as humans do, therefore, making the epidemic disease a real killer to them.

It is also possible that the human activities contribute to the extinction of the mammals. Excessive hunting can be one of these issues, as the writer proposes. But I suppose other factors are more likely to be true. After all, only fish bones are found around the sites in K island, suggesting that the mammals may not serve as a main hunting target. It is likely that the animals humans hunt are the food source of the mammals, for example, excessive fishing driving the puffers starve to die. Also, humans may collect so many fruits that mammals cannot gather enough food for life. It could also be that human expand their sites that mammals lose their habitats therefore die out gradually. In view of all these different factors, it is not reasonable to conclude the possible "excessive"hunting be the only reason for the extinction.

In sum, the extinction of the mammals in K island could be out of different reasons, for example the huge environmental changes and the danger by other species or diseases. Also, other human activities instead of excessive hunting could also contribute to the result. Therefore, it is better to make further research on this issue to target the real main reasonfor the distinction.

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