1.      
GWD-26-Q31

Which
of the following most logically completes the argument??

When
people engage in activities that help others ,their brain releases endorphins,

the
brain’s natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. It has

been
suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people’s longevity.

And
a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others

shows
that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. How-

ever,
that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not

boost
longevity, because          .

A.   
in the communities studied, women were much more
likely to do regular

volunteer work than men
were, and women tend to live longer than men do.

B.    
the number of young adults who do regular volunteer work is
on the increase

C.    
the feelings of well-being induced by endorphins can, at
least for a time, mask

the symptoms of various conditions
and diseases, provided the symptoms are

mild.                       

D.   
it is rare for a person to keep up a regular schedule of
volunteer work through-

out his or her life.

E.    
Some people find that keeping a commitment to do regular
volunteer work

becomes a source of stress in their
lives.

 The answer is  A, but I prefer C.

For A, it proves that volunteering does boost longevity, however, it is excluded by the word "even if" as a limit to the answer, and it is just a kind of evidence that volunteering could help to improve longevity, not sth. could complete the argument.

For C, it does introduce sth. new as mild symptoms of various conditions and diseases, but as it is a kind of complete question, we do need sth. new to fill the argument, don't we? 

It has
        been suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people’s longevity. And a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others
        shows that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. How-ever, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not
        boost longevity, because          .

我说说我的理解

黄色部份表示endorphins的规律释放会使人长寿

绿色部份出现转折(有推翻意味)表示即使volunteering does not
        boost longevity 这个statistic 还是依然如我们预期..因为什么??

刚才仔细的又看了几遍，再说一下。

句中的however是对一种普遍理论的转折，理解为：即便volunteering 不能使得每个人boost longevity，但是统计结果还是可以被支持的，因为，平均地they live longer, on average, than adults who do not voluntee

我们应该更多的注意这种统计意义和普遍公理的区别。

ANS:A!!!

C表示由endorphins引起的well-being的感觉会mask various conditions and diseases

1.mask疾病不等于可长寿

2.可mask疾病与是否长寿原文并没给这方面的信息

请指教

我的理解：

However之前说的是通过统计数据所推论的普遍现象，也就是：volunteering可以让人活的更长。

However之后说的是局部的、样本范围内的现象，也就是说：即使统计数据不能支持前面的普遍现象，这个统计结果仍然有意义的，因为仅仅看被调查的这些人中，女性做更多volunteer，活的比男性长。

所以A是对的。

如果是C的话，只能说明endorphin的另外一些作用（也就是不能使人长寿以外的作用），但是不能说明统计结果对于样板范围内的人群和对于推论出来的普遍人群的作用是一样的，两者没有逻辑上的关系。

不知道我这样的解释是不是可以被大家认可。