OG17-SC124选项E

Kelly2017 · 发表于 2017-4-4 22:51:12

Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sealevel rain forests to the edges of Andean snowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet.

(A) Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends
(B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirds survive through extremes of climate, their range extending
(C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending
(D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends
(E) Hummingbirds are found only in the Western Hemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends

正确答案是B。但我对选项E的解释抱有疑惑，OG选项E解释如下：
This version of the sentence begins with the subject Hummingbirds attached to a pair of verb phrases (are found . . . and survive . . .) followed by the conjunction and, which suggests that what follows should also be a verb phrase; instead, a new subject is introduced, their range. Replacing the comma before survivewithandwould render the sentence acceptable.
我对这个解释不是很理解，也查找了一下CD中关于”，and“的帖子，还是很疑惑。
OG是指句子中are found和survive并列，并且中间用逗号隔开，因此后面需要部分需要没有逗号的and来连接另一个动词么？
看到前辈们讨论说如果是“，and”后面要跟一个句子，吧their range extend...看成和hummingbirds are...并列，选项E中是符合这一条件的。如果去掉survive前的逗号改成and，是不是选项E就正确了呢？

新手上路，希望各位多多指导解惑~谢谢~（鞠躬）

emmahiggins09 · 发表于 2017-4-4 23:28:57

OG 的解释有两层意思：

1/ comma and 后面的verb phase 意思就是：用comma and 这样的表达方式，句子的主语必须的相同的。comma and 是用来连接分享同一主语的第3个动词的。如果是两个不同的主语的话，那么就要另起一句句子了。

2/回答你的第二个问题，其实OG说的很清楚了将survive 前的逗号用and 替代，然后句子到cliamte 这这里就结束了。然后their ranges extends 是属于一个全新的句子，这就是我上面说的另起一句。这样的话语法上是过的去的。但是比起B还是落了下乘。

Kelly2017 · 发表于 2017-4-5 15:10:52

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-4-4 23:28
OG 的解释有两层意思：

1/ comma and 后面的verb phase 意思就是：用comma and 这样的表达方式，句子的主 ...

非常感谢，我明白您的意思了~以下整理了一些OG16&17中相关的comma and句子。常见的情况是comma and连接几个并列的名词，我的整理重点不是这个，但是整理的句子中也有出现。

一、comma and连接几个同一主语的verb phase

OG16-SC45. The report recommended that the hospital (should) eliminate unneeded beds, (should) consolidate expensive services, and (should) use space in other hospitals.

OG16-SC114. Construction of the Roman Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheater, began in A.D. 69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed a decade later, during the reign of Titus, who opened the Colosseum with a one-hundred-day cycle of religious pageants, gladiatorial games, and spectacles.

OG17-799. As criminal activity on the Internet becomes more and more sophisticated, not only are thieves able to divert cash from company bank accounts, they can also pilfer valuable information such as business development strategies, new product specifications, and contract bidding plans, andsell the data to competitors.

二、comma and连接两个句子，两个句子的主语可以相同也可以不同

OG16-SC65. Long before it was fashionable to be an expatriate, Josephine Baker made Paris her home, and she remained in France during the Second World War as a performer and an intelligence agent for the Resistance.

OG16-SC97. The 19-year-old pianist and composer performed his most recent work all over Europe, Asia, and North America last year, winning prestigious awards in both London and Tokyo for his achievement at such a young age, and he hopes to continue composing now that he has returned to Chicago.

OG16-SC93. In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines are priced to sell, and they do.

OG16-SC98. Starfish, with anywhere from give to eight arms, have a strong regenerative ability, and if one arm is lost it is quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating and growing an extra one or two.

OG16-SC127.Less successful after sheemigrated to New York than she had been in her native Germany,photographer Lotte Jacobi nevertheless earned a small group of discerningadmires, and her photographs were eventually exhibited in prestigious galleriesacross the United States.

三、另外还看到了comma and连接两个从句的情况

OG17-724. At the end of 2001, motion picture industry representatives said that there were about a million copies of Hollywood movies available online, and that they expected piracy to increase as high-speed Internet connections became more widely available.

感觉comma and和and差不多，连接的部分性质得是一样的，名词和名词并列，句子和句子并列。

收集的可能不全，望指证~

emmahiggins09 · 发表于 2017-4-5 15:18:18

Kelly2017 发表于 2017-4-5 15:10
非常感谢，我明白您的意思了~以下整理了一些OG16&17中相关的comma and句子。常见的情况是comma and连接几 ...

comma and 和 and 还是有差别的，具体请参照 oxford comma 的案例:

http://forum.chasedream.com/foru ... ight=oxford%2Bcomma

Kelly2017 · 发表于 2017-4-5 15:33:06

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-4-5 15:18
comma and 和 and 还是有差别的，具体请参照 oxford comma 的案例:

http://forum.chasedream.com/foru .. ...

受教了！
原来我一直纠结的就是这个Oxford comma的问题啊！
感觉CNN举得例子很有趣啊~
We invited the strippers, JFK, and Stalin.
The comma between JFK and Stalin is the Oxford comma.
Proponents say it helps eliminate ambiguity. (For instance, without the Oxford comma above, would that mean JFK and Stalin were the strippers?)

典座 · 发表于 2020-3-16 07:44:45

Kelly2017 发表于 2017-4-5 15:10
非常感谢，我明白您的意思了~以下整理了一些OG16&17中相关的comma and句子。常见的情况是comma and连接几 ...

同意！

wszyx · 发表于 2020-3-18 09:25:16

如果是同一个主语，可以用and直接连接两个verb，不需要加逗号

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