Microscopic plants called algae grow inside the top layer of sea ice in the Antarctic if enough sunlight reaches that layer of ice and enough seawater, which contains nutrients, reaches that layer after splashing onto the surface. Even though moderate snow cover reduces the sunlight that filters into the top layer, sea ice with moderate snow cover typically contains even more algae in the top layer than does sea ice with less snow cover.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the apparent discrepancy?
我只能就这道题分析一下。
argument的问题是解释一个根据文中信息逻辑不本该出现的结论。先看这个不该出现的结论:sea ice with moderate snow cover typically contains even more algae in the top layer than does sea ice with less snowcover. 简化下就是more snow cover -> more algae.
如果这个结论按照argument中所给出的信息是不该出的,那么按照文章信息符合argument的结论应该就反过来:more snow cover -> less algae. ie 相关因果。所以如果选项中给出的选项削弱了这个"本该有的“结论,那么就是实际上解释了原文中的这个discrepancy.
选项A:独立第三因素——more snow -> more sea water splash to surface. 就像你说的原文中给出了两个解释这个现象的决定因素,其中第二个就是sea water splash to surface带来更多nutrition.
所以选项A正确。
所以也许遇到更多类似这样的题可以从独立因素的角度去考虑,毕竟文章自己就帮你想了个alternative的因素。至于是Helter哪一类(果因、因果、方案、相关因果等),要看具体的题目。欢迎你分享更多的出来大家可以讨论相互学习下