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标题: 一道难难难逻辑看半天解释看不懂 [打印本页]

作者: lemontrees 时间: 2015-4-21 17:01
标题: 一道难难难逻辑看半天解释看不懂

In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances. A petition entitled “Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?" The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail establishments and in government that are open to the public.搞清楚洲和当地的关系 ordinances是条例而law是更强硬的法律

Which of the following circumstances would make the petition as circulated misleading to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances statewide?

A. Health costs associated with smoking cause health insurance premiums to rise for everyone and so affect nonsmokers.

B. In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.

C. The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.

D. There is considerable sentiment among voters in most areas of the state for restriction of smoking.

E. The state law would not affect existing local ordinances banning smoking in places where the fire authorities have determined that smoking would constitute a fire hazard.

Reasoning

What could make the petition misleading to voters who assumed its purpose was to extend local antismoking ordinances statewide? The petition would mislead such voters if it were not intended to help extend local antismoking ordinances statewide as the voters assumed. The information provided suggests that the petition does genuinely support statewide smoking restriction and that the campaign workers are describing it accurately. But the petition could still mislead the voters if the proposed statewide smoking restriction would actually weaken local smoking ordinances.

A. This is a reason to support a smoking ban, not a reason why a petition to implement such a ban would be misleading.

B. Voters who assume that the ban would extend local ordinances might not assume that the ban would have a huge impact in rural areas.

C. Correct. If the proposed law would supersede and weaken local ordinances, then it would not extend them statewide as the voters assume. Therefore, the petition would be misleading.

D. This suggests that most voters would support a statewide smoking ban, not that a petition to implement such a ban would be misleading.

E. E This suggests that the state law would be compatible with local ordinances, just as voters who think that the law would extend those ordinances would assume.

The correct answer is C.

作者: huimousanguo 时间: 2015-4-23 02:43
In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances. A petition entitled “Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?" The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail establishments and in government that are open to the public.
Which of the following circumstances would make the petition as circulated misleading to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances statewide?误导性就是指的选民们被请愿书引导，以为请愿书是旨在全州禁烟的，骗取了选民们的选票，但实际上实施的法律可能达不到全州禁烟的目的
A. Health costs associated with smoking cause health insurance premiums to rise for everyone and so affect nonsmokers.
B. In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.如果只是在零售商场和政府的公共部门禁烟的话产生的作用是很小的，先不说城市地区的其他部门根本就没有被禁烟，农村很少有零售商店和政府公共部分，相当于农村一点变化都没有，这样一来实际上没有达到全州禁烟的目的。但工人们的请愿书上写的：你会想要签署一个全州禁烟的请愿书吗？投票者们肯定回答想，但实际上工人们支持颁布的法令从某种程度上来说根本就不是一个全州禁烟的法律，所以他们误导了投票人，骗了投票人的选票
C. 的The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.
D. There is considerable sentiment among voters in most areas of the state for restriction of smoking.
E. The state law would not affect existing local ordinances banning smoking in places where the fire authorities have determined that smoking would constitute a fire hazard.

作者: huimousanguo 时间: 2015-4-23 02:44
看之前的讨论，该题正确答案应该是B，B可能很好地解释，C感觉怎么想都不对

作者: mindfree 时间: 2015-4-23 17:36
我选C，我就是来看看我的ID还能不能用。

作者: lemontrees 时间: 2015-4-25 13:10

huimousanguo 发表于 2015-4-23 02:43
In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances. A petition entitled “Petition ...

xiexie !!!!!!!!!!!

作者: mindfree 时间: 2015-4-26 23:45
B明显不对。逻辑题首先要读懂题目和选项，如果选项中出现了新的object，一定要在题目中已经通过的逻辑关系中找到新事物和题目的关系，除非这种关系是显而易见的。原题是说state law是local ordinance的扩展，什么条件下这个结论是错的。B说rural area没有什么retail。这个条件不能推翻结论，除非说local ordinance针对的不仅仅是retail。但是这个讨论不是题目给的，选B的都是加上了自己的“common sense” - 因为rural area没有什么retail，所以local ordinance一定不是针对retail的。这样思考自然就错了。

作者: 老李同志 时间: 2015-5-5 16:33
题目是问什么情况会使人们被误导

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