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标题: 现在分词表伴随（关于DUKB24的疑惑） [打印本页]
作者: 吸荷尔蒙鬼 时间: 2015-2-3 17:44
标题: 现在分词表伴随（关于DUKB24的疑惑）
看到DUKB24关于很多错误选项的解释都是comma+现在分词不对
例如：OG13，107的D选项，
While it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as other types of power plants, it is the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makes it more expensive for them to generate electricity.
(D) It costs about the same to run nuclear plants as for other types of power plants, whereas the electricity they generate is more expensive, stemming from the fixed costs of building nuclear plants.
OG13,115的C选项
115. Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.
(C) Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating
但今天做OG诊断联系有正确答案是comma+v.ing
[size=13.913043975830078px]As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including[size=13.913043975830078px] Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.（正确答案C)
C- [size=13.913043975830078px]Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included [size=13.913043975830078px]分析C选项[size=13.913043975830078px]谁能解释一下吗[size=13.913043975830078px]
作者: ukyo2003 时间: 2015-2-3 22:24
你发的几个题好乱啊，又不标下划线又不全，看的有点晕，就直接说一下吧。
逗号后面接ving有两种用法，一个是伴随状语，一个是结果状语，都要求其逻辑主语是主句主语。你最后这个题Stella Adler的这个我找了一下原题，我的理解如下：
As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.
(A) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who (who不能指代American theater) trained several generations of actors including
(B) Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained (改变句子含义，原文主干是Stella Adler was artist，现在主干改为Stella Adler trained actors) several generations of actors who (who多余) include (应该是including)
(C) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training (伴随状语) several generations of actors whose ranks included (正确)
(D) one of the most influential artists (主语错误，要求是人) in the American theater was Stella Adler (主动优于被动，没有必要被动), who trained several generations of actors including
(E) one of the most influential artists (主语错误，要求是人) in the American theater, Stella Adler (连主人翁都从主干中拿掉了), trained several generations of actors whose ranks included (whose ranks included错误表达)
这一题感觉争议不大，还是ving的用法不确定吧。
作者: ukyo2003 时间: 2015-2-3 22:48
索性看看你说的其他题吧。
While it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as other types of power plantsi it is the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makes it more expensive for them to generate electricity, 全划线题啊，是不是传说中的700+分题？
(A)While it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as (the same to do as noun比较不对称，要求the same to run as to run) other types of power plants, it is the fxed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makes it more expensive for them (前面有好几个复数名词，不知道这里是不是模糊指代) to generate electricity. 整个结构比较拖沓，用了很多it cost the same to, it is that, makes it for sb to do这种结构，很少见到用这么多形式主语在一句话里面的，说这话的人该多纠结啊，不简练
(B)While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants,the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants (这里直接重复nuclear plants我觉得避免了其他选项they指代不清的嫌疑) make the electricity they generate more expensive. (正确) the cost of A is the same as (省略cost) for B很清晰，没有歧义；the fixed costs make the electricity more expensive很简洁
(C)Even though it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as (比较不对称，需要the same to run as to run) for other types of power plants, it is the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makes (costs是复数要求复数，makes是单数) the electricity they generate (they generate 多余，指代不清) more expensive.
(D)It costs about the same to run nuclear plants as (比较不对称，要求the same to run as to run) for other types of power plants, whereas (这个知识点我不清楚和but的区别) the electricity they (指代不清，到底是那个？) generate is more expensive, stemming from the fixed costs of building nuclear plants. (,ving这里应该是做伴随状语用，因为不是结果状语，但是要求逻辑主语是主句主语那么是it，it是形式主语，那就stemming主语就是to run nuclear plants，这样逻辑错误，因为stemming的实际主语需要是fixed cost；这里看出改变句子结构的坏处吧，去掉了主语cost，换成形式主语来强调，结果没法用伴随状语)
(E)The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as (比较不对称，the cost is the same as plants) other types of power plants, but the electricity they (应该是nuclear plants吧，我还是觉得有歧义的嫌疑) generate is made (主动优于被动，这里没必要用被动) more expensive because of the fixed costs stemming from building nuclear plants.
作者: ukyo2003 时间: 2015-2-3 23:03
Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes overuninhabited islands.
(A) Because there are (there are 是强调自然发生，code是自然发生吗？我不知道) provisions of the new maritime code that provide that (连用两个that奇怪) even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large seaareas, they (指代谁？有歧义，是provisions还是tiny islets?，而且这里需要是maritime code stimulate) have already stimulated
(B) Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated (正确)
(C) Even tiny islets (改变句子主语，改变重心) can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under (歧义，是sea areas under provision还是islets under provision?还是别的？) provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating (already stimulating做结果状语还是伴随状语？看起来是结果状语，因为already，但是逻辑主语要求是主句主语，这里是tiny islets，错误，stimulate的主语需要是maritime code，而且改完成时变进行时也错)
(D) Because even tiny islets (改变句子结构，把主语从new marintime改成tiny islets，改变句子重心) can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under (原句是maritime code provides，改成under句意是不一样的) provisions of the new maritime code, this (this不能替代前面整句内容，杀) has already stimulated
(E) Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which (原句是maritime主语has stimulated，这里变成非限定定语从句，主次颠倒，杀) is (原句是has stimulated表示已经发生的状态，这里改成进行时，杀) already stimulating
作者: ukyo2003 时间: 2015-2-3 23:04
逗号后面ving我还是花了不少时间看的，感觉还是有些总结。如果还有不清楚的，欢迎继续发题我们一起探讨。
作者: 吸荷尔蒙鬼 时间: 2015-2-4 10:54
ukyo2003 发表于 2015-2-3 23:04 
逗号后面ving我还是花了不少时间看的，感觉还是有些总结。如果还有不清楚的，欢迎继续发题我们一起探讨。 ...
谢谢您的解答，我清楚了不少
作者: ukyo2003 时间: 2015-2-5 01:02
今天学到一个新知识点，逗号后面加including，相当于介词结构，不限于对主句主语修饰，而是根据上下文判断。
作者: 请救非洲大象 时间: 2016-5-28 09:14
你好，请问这里c 中，stimulating为什么不能看成修饰的之前一整个句子，做结果状语呢？？谢谢～
作者: 御寒 时间: 2017-1-9 19:16
Stella adler这题，既然原文代词用的who,为什么不可以是Stella trained？从哪里可以判断必须是theater trained?
作者: emmahiggins09 时间: 2017-1-9 21:06
Stella Adler 这题中 COMMA who 是错误得修饰了 artists 而原文的 intended meaning 是要修饰 Stella Adler 这个部分的，所以这里是错误的。而且要注意的是这里不是修饰的 theater 因为 theater 实在preposition中 ( in the American theater), 这中情况下 COMMA who / COMMA which（其实这个COMMA WHO 可以和 COMMA WHICH 一起记忆，用法都是一样的）, 都是跳过这个preposition 修饰前面最近的一个名词。这种跳跃修饰法在GMAT中时常出现而且GMAC是接受这种适当的跳跃修饰的。
最有名的跳过preposition 的便是下面这题了，下面的正确答案中的 COMMA which 便是跳过一串儿preposition (on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon) 修饰前面最近的一个复数名词 hearings
Although she had been known as an effective legislator first in the Texas Senate and later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan’s participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was televised nationwide.
A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan’s participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in
1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was
B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were （正确）
C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being
E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
作者: 御寒 时间: 2017-1-9 21:48
非常感谢您的解答和举例，我现在可以明白who错误修饰的是artists,语义肯定是错的。
Barbara这题我可以根据句尾没划线部分推断出which应该修饰hearings。但关于Stella这题的C选项，我还想请教一下，training不会有错误伴随主句主语，修饰不清之嫌吗？感谢！
作者: emmahiggins09 时间: 2017-1-9 21:58
建议层主捋一下 comma Ving 所有的用法。
其中的一个用法是 comma ving 前如果是主系表结构的话，comma ving 表示补充说明主系表结构
C中没有错误的修饰主语，这个用法是对的，是在对主语进行补充说明。
作者: 御寒 时间: 2017-1-9 22:26
我这块内容是很弱，，，多谢解答，我会去补功课的哈哈
作者: 闭眼看书 时间: 2017-2-8 12:37
关于comma who的问题，
I am the best student in our school, who won the gold prize.
I am one of the best students in our school, who won the gold prize.
I am the best student in our school who won the gold prize.
如果句意是“我获得了金奖”，这三个句子都没有语法问题吗
作者: emmahiggins09 时间: 2017-2-8 14:17
按照层主中文的意思来看的话 这3句句子没有一句是对的。
句意要表达的主要意思是： 我获得了金奖 所以这个部分是应该是句子的主干。层主提供的三句句子(烦请层主提供例句来源，句子写的很奇怪) 表达获奖的英语部分用的都是从句（从句是modifier 的一种形式），从句从句意思上就是比主句弱的，modifier 也是一样的，修饰修饰就是用来修饰主要部分的次要内容
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