[原创]OG语法重点汇总 - ChaseDream

OG语法第三遍终于做完了，随手整理了一些OG中的重点（结合OG题后解释和XDF课堂的讲解），希望对大家有用，有错误的地方也请大家批评，哈哈。下面的编号是与OG的题号一致的。

5. 句中出现any，要判断是否为语气词（强烈语气），若是，则要保留。

the infinitive “to be” is more appropriate that the limited present-tense “is” in referring to an event that occurred long ago but have been discovered only recently.

11. 分词结构（doing/done，介词+分词，连词+分词）的省略结构的逻辑主语是后面主句的主语

12. 同一句话中，相同的代词（可能不同格）必须指代相同的对象

代词先于主句出现，一般指主句主语，但在下句中则指代不清：

New small business are not subject to the applicability of formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity in the same way as established big business, because they are growing and are seldom in equilibrium.

17. 不光要判断选项本身的对错，还要把选项放到原文中判断其对错

过去完成时（had been）changes the original meaning (were)by suggesting that the Native Americans had previously ceased to be part of the widespread culture.

19.比较结构中的尽量补出原则不一定是补助动词，只要无歧义就行

强调句正确选项往往是A，倒装句（强调句的一种）不能变为正常语序

25.规定仅规定分词与分词相对称，没有说现在分词不能与过去分词对称，判断的依据是动作的主语是动作发出者还是承受者

27. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively.

32.在同一句话中，过去和现在的时态不能一起用，除了一般现在时的三种特例（客观事实、政府行为法令法规、科研成果或统计资料）

一般过去时改成过去完成时主要看是否出现表过去的过去的时间标志

不同时态并不是一定不能在同一个句子中出现，关键是要符合句子的愿意、清楚地表达作者的意思。

38.若考前文对划线部分的影响，，则正确答案的标志是新名词或doing，错误答案的标志为to do或which。

worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an action.

49. the pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.

55.用现在完成时的几种情况：since; 大段的时间概念（last, past***年）；the world has ever seen/than ever before possible

61. require sb to do; require that; require of sb that（后两个用虚拟语气）

65.depict/represent/begin/regard/see/perceive/think of/be prized/be acclaimed+as

77.come(to)/become/remain表动态过程，在原文中出现不能去掉或变成be动词

85.something/anything/nothing/things/sb/anybody/someone/no one要求形容词后置

102. except连接前后性质相同的对象；except for连接前后性质不同的对象

II跳跃修饰the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian-vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.

106.出现特指，其指代对象在前文中一定要出现过，否则不能用特指。

107. A with B/along with /together with/as well as/integral to后面的动词与A一致

111.be regarded as/be credited with doing/be believed to do/be given credit for doing

132.equivalent to /the equivalent of/equal to have too broad a range of meanings to be used precisely here: that is, they can suggest more than merely numerical equality. Also, as quantitative expressions, equivalent and equal often modify nouns referring to uncountable things.

135.the inclusion of it requires a comma after classics to set off the new independent clause.

175.due to ：to是介词，后面不能跟句子；比起 because/because of不简洁

177.In D, the sentence form X is why is unidiomatic (X is the reason why would be idiomatic but needlessly wordy and awkward).

两者都可用的情况下，同位语优于定语从句或宾语从句省略结构

以下是引用hitler999在2005-2-15 23:43:00的发言：

1.现在分词强调重复性；定语从句强调一次性

2.A of B结构中，A是中心词，谓语动词与A一致

the size of Colorado’s错

of用于没生命的对象（如国家United States of America）

‘s用于有生命的对象（树没有生命）

一个建议：用这条时不要绝对化

3. to do A, to do B, and to do C对

to do A, do B, and do C对

情态动词可否省，亦看第二个

肯定句用and，否定句用or

仅有no/not代表否定句

5. 句中出现any，要判断是否为语气词（强烈语气），若是，则要保留。

6. 主语

作宾语优先使用名词（在名词与Ving之间）

所有格结构的宾语

介词结构的宾语

try to do/try doing对

try that/try and do 错

7. n+that+be+adj错

人+that+be+adj错

9. believe that

believe sb/sth to be

that引导宾从不可省，引导定从可省

the infinitive “to be” is more appropriate that the limited present-tense “is” in referring to an event that occurred long ago but have been discovered only recently.

10. however表强烈语气，不能忽略

there be 表自然存在状态

语气词不能省

11. 分词结构（doing/done，介词+分词，连词+分词）的省略结构的逻辑主语是后面主句的主语

base/compare只用于被动语态

12. 同一句话中，相同的代词（可能不同格）必须指代相同的对象

代词先于主句出现，一般指主句主语，但在下句中则指代不清：

13. soar, rise, raise, increase, grow 出现两个则语义重复

动词优于抽象名词

when rates means “prices charged”, it should be followed bu for.

14.estimated to be

15. 原文中的情态动词要尽量保留（may）

without doing/sth

distinguish A from B

distinguish between A and B

which引导的非限制性定语从句不是不能用，但要确保无歧义

16.like/unlike A, B do要求A、B性质完全一样

17. 不光要判断选项本身的对错，还要把选项放到原文中判断其对错

过去完成时（had been）changes the original meaning (were)by suggesting that the Native Americans had previously ceased to be part of the widespread culture.

18. 主谓单复数一致，被修饰成分和修饰成分单复数一致

强调整体用all，强调个体用each（不能用every one）

all, each表强调语气，不能忽略

19.比较结构中的尽量补出原则不一定是补助动词，只要无歧义就行

20. so+adj>such+抽象名词

强调句正确选项往往是A，倒装句（强调句的一种）不能变为正常语序

21. food allergies 食物过敏总称

an allergy to sth 对某物过敏

先行词与主句主语要逻辑对称

attributes A(an effect)to B(a cause)

A is attributed to B

22. not…but结构要求时态、句式对称

not but>rather than>instead of

24. 介词+名词>介词+动名词

whether or not 错

25.规定仅规定分词与分词相对称，没有说现在分词不能与过去分词对称，判断的依据是动作的主语是动作发出者还是承受者

26. of all表最高级

maybe错，因为太口语化

27. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively.

把原文的修饰成分变成主干，一般为错

being+n/adj一般为错

28. continue不能用于进行时态、复合时态（例have been and will）

be to do/be going to do错，因为表主观色彩的将来

to表趋向，coming也表示趋向，所以into the coming month语义重复

29. 句中的some若表“大约”，则不能省

there be done错

32.在同一句话中，过去和现在的时态不能一起用，除了一般现在时的三种特例（客观事实、政府行为法令法规、科研成果或统计资料）

一般过去时改成过去完成时主要看是否出现表过去的过去的时间标志

时间状语的摆放要遵从愿意

36. be native to somewhere

不同时态并不是一定不能在同一个句子中出现，关键是要符合句子的愿意、清楚地表达作者的意思。

37.only, last, first的修饰对象不能变

38.若考前文对划线部分的影响，，则正确答案的标志是新名词或doing，错误答案的标志为to do或which。

39. C选项中，分词充当状语表结果

动词不定式一定要有明确的动作发出者

42. 过去分词主要用来强调状态和结果（优先选）

现在分词主要用来强调动作和过程

concerning错误的标志

worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an action.

47. enough出现在选项中必错

用so…that, so…as to表enough的意思

48.on account of/because of<because

49. the pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.

known to do>known as doing

在GMAT中，which不能指代整个前文，因为产生歧义。

51.not unlike表强调语气

52. 作主语优先用名词

because应引导一个句子，而不是其他

54.the same…as…(as前后要对称)

55.用现在完成时的几种情况：since; 大段的时间概念（last, past***年）；the world has ever seen/than ever before possible

57.the extent to which/to the extent that

60.like+n或名词短语

as+句子（包含助动词，助动词位置可前可后）

61. require sb to do; require that; require of sb that（后两个用虚拟语气）

特指、泛指

the A 特指 the A 泛指

A 泛指 his A 特指

63.be in danger of doing

65.depict/represent/begin/regard/see/perceive/think of/be prized/be acclaimed+as

consider sth sth

66.所有格结构宾语优先用名词

67.A so as to B要求A、B逻辑主语一致、用于简单的句子结构

so A that B可以不一致

70. it is likely/liable that

likely/liable to

an a severe disadvantage 处在一个非常不利的境地

severely disadvantaged没有社会地位

71. Mike comes and sits here.时间上有先后顺序

Coming in, Mike sits here.错

Sitting here, Mike comes in.错

V1，V2要判断是否有先后顺序，还是一个是另一个的伴随状态

and前后动词要对称

72.double作动词时是主动语态

74.A as an instance of B

76. n+of表限定；n+that表解释

need/importance/necessity of

77.come(to)/become/remain表动态过程，在原文中出现不能去掉或变成be动词

83.it和one不能混合使用

84.be to do错

85.something/anything/nothing/things/sb/anybody/someone/no one要求形容词后置

86.have sth done

87. can/be able to>ability of sb to do>be capable of doing

90.allow sb to do允许

allow that承认

91.D选项中的just是弱语气词，不能添加或删除

92.as…as 肯定语气

not so …as 否定语气

93.原文中的情态动词（如can）要保留

94.not only…but also 对称结构

95. seem和like语义重复

原文中的like不能变成seem

原文中的as不能变成as if

96.过去分词表状态和结果

99.动作性名词对称于动作性名词

100. prohibit sb from doing不能加that

forbid to do不能加that

ing表重复性，that非限制性重句表一次性

101.lower往往是错误答案，除了指人（fewer）外，都用less

102. except连接前后性质相同的对象；except for连接前后性质不同的对象

with: I with…it错

II跳跃修饰the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian-vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.

103.such…as to错

105.as…as; so …that 含义不同

106.出现特指，其指代对象在前文中一定要出现过，否则不能用特指。

107. A with B/along with /together with/as well as/integral to后面的动词与A一致

A and B后面的动词用复数

not only…but also/either…or/neither…nor/or与B一致

108.过去时变成过去完成时一般为错

111.be regarded as/be credited with doing/be believed to do/be given credit for doing

112. to do sth>for doing sth

主动、被动都可以用的时候，主动优于被动

more+adj+n错

n+more+adj对

116.this, that, these, those单独出现在句中必错，应用such+n

117.the ability of sb to do

119.fair公平的，公正的 fairly相当地

significant重要的 significantly相当地

121.A order B to do C

124.after when错

135.the inclusion of it requires a comma after classics to set off the new independent clause.

145.mandate that A be balanced

150.mistake A for B

172.not A, but rather B

175.due to ：to是介词，后面不能跟句子；比起 because/because of不简洁

177.In D, the sentence form X is why is unidiomatic (X is the reason why would be idiomatic but needlessly wordy and awkward).

178.政府法令用Ving表重复

183. avoid带主观色彩

in order to wordy

189. like不能用来举例子

不定式一定要有明确的动作发出者

190.manifestation与show语义重复

192.and与in addition语义重复

196.originally是用一般过去时的标志

197.as well as要求前后对称

205.come(to)/go/become/remain要保留

208. in that>because (of)

两者都可用的情况下，同位语优于定语从句或宾语从句省略结构

217.order that 用虚拟语气

order sb to sth/order sth to be done

222.在表达含义相同时，介词由于分词

225.B+prep+A>AB

226.credit with having had sth

236. can 强调可能性；be able to强调能力；be able to be done错

help(to) do; help sth to do; helpful in doing sth

写报告最常用的一句就包括 In today's business world, xxxxxx 或 In tomorrow's banking industry, xxxxxxx