比如举个例子,这个题卤煮第一次做的时候就不知所措
摘自PREP 08逻辑笔记(一)122.
Until now, onlyinjectable vaccines against influenza have been available. Parents are reluctant to subject children tothe pain of injections, but adults, who are at risk of serious complicationsfrom influenza, are commonly vaccinated. A new influenza vaccine, administered painlessly in a nasal spray, iseffective for children. However, sincechildren seldom develop serious complications from influenza, no significantpublic health benefit would result from widespread vaccination of childrenusing the nasal spray.
Which of thefollowing is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Any person whohas received the injectable vaccine can safely receive the nasal-spray vaccineas well.
B. The new vaccineuses the same mechanism to ward off influenza as injectable vaccines do.
C. The injectablevaccine is affordable for all adults.
D. Adults do notcontract influenza primarily from children who have influenza.(正确)
E. The nasalspray vaccine is not effective when administered to adults.
这题楼主第一次做的时候,ABC很容易无关排出,但是在D和E之间纠结后选了E。
第二次做的时候,重点看结论“However, since children seldom develop serious complications frominfluenza, no significant public health benefit would result from widespreadvaccination of children using the nasal spray.”,结论是在说no Benefit would result from 在children当中广泛使用spray,所以,E选项中spray对大人有没有效果,根本就是一毛钱关系都没有啊,人家都说了是要在儿童中间推广,那自然是考虑到儿童的流感没有并发症同时也不会传染给大人,所以才没有benefit啊。
就举这个例子,大家可以体会一下什么叫做无关,哪怕选项看起来是一个很好的他因、他果解释,但是和结论围绕的主体(比如这题是children)没关系,那就是无关选项