[td]The Solution
The proportion of the population of Brazil that lives within close proximity to at least one museum is larger than that of Russia.
Believe it or not, this is one of the smaller tables. Whether you have a huge table or a smaller one, though, you’re only going to be using a subset of the given information “ sometimes only a tiny percentage of the given data. (I remember one table with perhaps 20 rows, and I only needed to use 3 of them in order to answer all three parts of the question!)
The question asks us whether the statements, if true, would help to explain the information in the table. This feels like a critical reasoning-type question but it’s not exactly like any of the existing CR types. In this case, if a statement makes me think, hey, yeah, if this statement is true, then I can see why the data in the table is what it is, then I’ll pick would help explain. Otherwise, I’ll pick would not help explain.
Here’s the first statement:
The proportion of the population of Brazil that lives within close proximity to at least one museum is larger than that of Russia.
Let’s see. They mention only Brazil and Russia, so I only need to look at those two rows. Luckily, they’re already right next to each other in the table.
The statement says that, in Brazil, people are more likely to live in close proximity to a museum, which naturally would make it easier to visit a museum. There are two types of museums listed on the table: history and science. In both cases, the data indicates that a greater percentage of the Brazilian population than the Russian population visited a museum. That makes sense, given that more people in Brazil live closer to the museums.
Select would help explain for statement 1.
Here’s the second statement:
Of the countries / political unions in the table, Russia has the fewest natural history museums per capita.
Per capita. What does that mean? Literally, it means for each person or per person. You might read a statistic that says the per capita annual consumption of apples is 8. On average, the statistic is telling us, one person eats 8 apples each year.
So this statement is telling us that Russia has the fewest natural history museums per person compared to the other countries / political unions in the table. Maybe Russia has 1 natural history museum for every 1 million people while South Korea has 1 natural history museum for every 1,000 people. If that were true, what would you expect to happen?
In general, you’d expect people to be more likely to visit natural history museums in South Korea (because there are more museums available relative to the population size) and fewer people to visit natural history museums in Russia (because there are fewer museums available relative to the population size).
Okay, does this match the information given in the table? Russia has the fewest history museums per capita and, yes, of the locations listed, Russia has the lowest percentage of the population visiting history museums! Select would help explain for statement 2.
And our third statement:
Of the countries / political unions in the table, the three that spend the most money to promote their natural history museums are also those in which science is most highly valued.
Hmm. So, if a country spends a bunch of money to promote its history museums, what might we expect to happen? Well, if the promotion is successful, that would likely mean that many people would visit those museums. I think I need to re-sort the data for this one.
Click to sort by natural history museum. The top four countries are South Korea (30%), US (27%), and Japan and the European Union (tied at 20%). If science is also most highly valued in those countries, we would expect high percentages of people visiting the science museums as well. Is that happening?
No. South Korea is #1 in history museum visits but only 10% of the population visits the science museums. For Japan, it’s only 12%. The top two areas for science museum visits are the US (which is on our top history museum list as well) and China (which is not on our top history museum list).
This statement doesn’t seem to go along with the given data. Select would not help explain for statement 3.
The answers to the three statements are Would help, Would help, Would NOT help.
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