The National Transportation Safety Board has recommended the use of fail-safe mechanisms on airliner cargo door latches assuring the doors are properly closed before takeoff and to prevent them from popping open in flight.
(A) assuring the doors are properly closed
(B) for the assurance of proper closing
(C) assuring proper closure
(D) to assure closing the doors properly
(E) to assure that the doors are properly closed
OG对于D的解释： closing ... imprecisely refers to the act of closing the doors rather than to the condition of the closed doors.
我觉得有点牵强，大家觉得呢？
不牵强的， closing 表示动作性的名次， 而这里是要求表示状态的名次的。
E 是答案。
又做错这题了。郁闷啊。
怎么判断这个东西是用来assure 把门关好，即D，
or 用来assure 确认门是关好的呢？用逻辑？我看不出来。
我觉得D里面的动作性名词和后面的prevent popping很平行。
这里用closed比较合理:
1. closing the doors表动作, 但整句句子没有动作发出者. 而closed在这里应理解为形容词, 表状态(我觉得不是被动), 不需要动作发出者.
2. assure是个及物动词, 后面要跟宾语, 而closing是个动词, 两个动词连用我觉得不妥.
奇怪，我怎么觉得这个closed 老是带有被动的含义呢？ 被关上啊 doors are properly closed 如果不是被动，那表达门被关上又怎么说呢？
晕菜了，这两天
分词短语closing表示动作的重复性，强调的是动作；（门只要被关一次就可以了，不需要多次经常重复的关，也不是强调这个动作）
定语从句表示动作的一次性，强调的是状态。（这里的确是被动，被关一次就可以了）。
在措词的时候，表状态的一般要优于表过程的
奇怪，我怎么觉得这个closed 老是带有被动的含义呢？ 被关上啊 doors are properly closed 如果不是被动，那表达门被关上又怎么说呢？
晕菜了，这两天
如果你去查longman, 输入closed, 会有一大片这个词作为形容词解释. 很多动词, 加了ed以后就是形容词, OG里另一个经典的例子就是isolated.
如果要表明关上这个动作, 就应该用主动.
这里用closed比较合理:
1. closing the doors表动作, 但整句句子没有动作发出者. 而closed在这里应理解为形容词, 表状态(我觉得不是被动), 不需要动作发出者.
2. assure是个及物动词, 后面要跟宾语, 而closing是个动词, 两个动词连用我觉得不妥.
我也同意closed是形容词，
如果是被动的话，就没有动作发出着了呀，动作发出者肯定不会是fail-safe mechanisms（“自动防止故障机构”，不负责关门）
结合OG72
72. The number of undergraduate degrees in engineering awarded by colleges and universities in the
(A) increased by more than twice
(B) increased more than two times
(C) more than doubled
(D) was more than doubled (C)
(E) had more than doubled
Choice A is faulty because an adverb such as twice cannot function as an object of the preposition by(用词). B增长了超过两次 distorts the sentence's meaning, stating that the number of engineering degrees conferred increased on more than two distinct occasions.（歧义） D's passive verb was ... doubled suggests without warrant that some unnamed agent increased the number of engineering degrees. (语态)The past perfect tense in E, had... doubled, is inappropriate unless the increase in engineering degrees is specifically特定的，明确的 being viewed as having occurred further back in the past than some subsequent event.
Choice C is best
In D, is there any flaw that the pronoun "them" can not be referred properly?
分词短语closing表示动作的重复性，强调的是动作；（门只要被关一次就可以了，不需要多次经常重复的关，也不是强调这个动作）
定语从句表示动作的一次性，强调的是状态。（这里的确是被动，被关一次就可以了）。
我也同意closed是形容词，
如果是被动的话，就没有动作发出着了呀，动作发出者肯定不会是fail-safe mechanisms（“自动防止故障机构”，不负责关门）
我們會說the door is closed. the shop is open.
這時候closed/open都是形容詞
同理 此題的closed也是形容詞
这个问题居然吸引了这么的NN,当年百家争鸣的确很精彩,也很受益.
同意紫草的意见,closed是形容词表状态
老CDERS里NN就是多啊！不知道紫草MM 去了哪所学校！
这个题不理解意思真的很容易错啊，我看到to prevent 后面没跟从句就要前面跟也不能是从句才选的D，真是不知什么时候贯彻平行什么时候又要姑息纵容一下，貌似很难把握。
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