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标题: OG中that指代问题 [打印本页]

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 12:52
标题: OG中that指代问题
OG13-126
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
A that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
B that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
C creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
D to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
E who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
比较而言A更好，但是这里的that不会有指代individual的歧意么

上面的问题理解了，求解答下面的题目
OG-104 Ving
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C)In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives,Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and
选C
A选项其中的coordinating既可修饰illustrations，又可修饰BP，是不是如果coordinating前是完整句子、就不会有歧义：coordinating只可能修饰整个句子？
就像下面这个句子，
OG-48
It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America’s Lake Superior.
A It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers
B Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
C Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
D Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
E Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering
答案选c，covering表伴随，就不会有修饰earth的歧义？

作者: 448258130 时间: 2013-10-1 15:38
不会，代词一般不会指代紧紧挨着的那个词

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-1 15:44
这个很简单哈，以后可以用我这个办法迅速排除你的这类想法。方法是：抓住单复数主谓一致

假设按你说的that指代individual，可以试试看行不行。individual是单数名词，that后面的动词是create明显是要配一个复数名词，所以不可能，迅速排除。所以A肯定不会有你说的这种歧义

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 16:17

448258130 发表于 2013-10-1 15:38
不会，代词一般不会指代紧紧挨着的那个词

that不应紧跟在所修饰的名词后面么？

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 16:20

popup 发表于 2013-10-1 15:44
这个很简单哈，以后可以用我这个办法迅速排除你的这类想法。方法是：抓住单复数主谓一致

假设按你说的that ...

嗯哪~我选的B，可是根据in turn就应该是lying produces reactions , reactions create responses，还是要根据语义吧~

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-1 17:48

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-1 16:20
嗯哪~我选的B，可是根据in turn就应该是lying produces reactions , reactions create responses，还是 ...

嗯，语意肯定要看的，否则你考试肯定会不习惯的，现在的语法新题越来越重视语意

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 19:16

popup 发表于 2013-10-1 17:48
嗯，语意肯定要看的，否则你考试肯定会不习惯的，现在的语法新题越来越重视语意 ...

恩，O(∩_∩)O谢谢~

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 22:29

popup 发表于 2013-10-1 17:48
嗯，语意肯定要看的，否则你考试肯定会不习惯的，现在的语法新题越来越重视语意 ...

48. It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America's Lake Superior.

A. It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers
B. Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
C. Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
D. Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
E. Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering
答案c，因为A选项中which covers ,所以which指代lake或earth有歧义是么

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-1 22:36

popup 发表于 2013-10-1 17:48
嗯，语意肯定要看的，否则你考试肯定会不习惯的，现在的语法新题越来越重视语意 ...

接楼上，
而下面这个题
og-29
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
A. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering
B. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
C. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886 and outnumbering
D. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering
E. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
选E,which 指代没有歧义，因为which were，which只能指代letters而不是dickinson，对么

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-3 11:14

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-1 22:29
48. It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which co ...

A有问题，因为离which最近的单数名词是Earth，所以优先指代Earth，但按照句意cover后面的部分是修饰lake的，所以A错

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-3 11:15

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-1 22:36
接楼上，
而下面这个题
og-29

yes, you are right~~

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-3 13:10

popup 发表于 2013-10-3 11:15
yes, you are right~~

恩恩，真是太感谢你了~

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-4 15:07

popup 发表于 2013-10-3 11:15
yes, you are right~~

亲，可以给解答一下下面这个问题么
OG-104
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C)In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives,Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and
选C
A选项其中的coordinating既可修饰illustrations，又可修饰BP，是不是如果coordinating前是完整句子、就不会有歧义：coordinating只可能修饰整个句子？
就像下面这个句子，
OG-48
It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America’s Lake Superior.
A It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers
B Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
C Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
D Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
E Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering
答案选c，covering表伴随，就不会有修饰earth的歧义？

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-4 16:07

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-4 15:07
亲，可以给解答一下下面这个问题么
OG-104
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coor ...

我觉得我观点有误，删除，以免误导。。。

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-4 17:13

popup 发表于 2013-10-4 16:07
我个人觉得动词ing这样的分词很多情况优先修饰前面的名词，所以你第二个例子对，而第一个例子错。第一个例 ...

那么请问，动词ing这样的分词很多情况优先修饰前面的名词，gmat中有这条rule么，分词逻辑主语不是应该是句子的主语么？

作者: popup 时间: 2013-10-4 17:22

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-4 17:13
那么请问，动词ing这样的分词很多情况优先修饰前面的名词，gmat中有这条rule么，分词逻辑主语不是应该是 ...

那个。。我想了想，好像没有这个rule的，你还是当我没说吧，前面的贴我删除了，以免误导

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-4 19:00

popup 发表于 2013-10-4 17:22
那个。。我想了想，好像没有这个rule的，你还是当我没说吧，前面的贴我删除了，以免误导 ...

恩，还是谢谢你~

作者: chongyini 时间: 2013-10-4 20:49
引用别人的回答：
，ing的形式有两种用法，一种是修饰，之前的整个句子产生了怎样的结果（结果状语），第二种是修饰，之前句子的主语（作为主语的伴随状语，同时怎样了）！注意，不能修饰，之前紧跟名词！如果想修饰紧跟名词要去掉，直接ing！

作者: cician 时间: 2013-11-19 12:22

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-4 20:49
引用别人的回答：
，ing的形式有两种用法，一种是修饰，之前的整个句子产生了怎样的结果（结果状语），第二 ...

要comma+ ing才是这样的吧？

作者: sylingyifan 时间: 2015-8-23 17:02

popup 发表于 2013-10-1 15:44
这个很简单哈，以后可以用我这个办法迅速排除你的这类想法。方法是：抓住单复数主谓一致

假设按你说的that ...

这。。划线句可能是错误的啊。。

作者: Macklemost 时间: 2016-6-11 10:22
这个 in an individual 是 mission critical modifier( often takes the form of "of" phrase ) which DEFINES the noun precedes it. 出现mission critical modifier 是 noun modifier TOUCH 原则的一个特例，此时， mission critical modifier 后的 modifier要跳过mission critical modifier，修饰mission critical modifier所 define的名词，所以这里代指 reactions
详见MANHATTAN P,234

作者: Deltomato 时间: 2016-6-13 13:29

Macklemost 发表于 2016-6-11 10:22
这个 in an individual 是 mission critical modifier( often takes the form of "of" phrase ) which DEFI ...

这个好高级的样子~~~ 有没有这种很教条的语法书推荐呀~~~

作者: LQH 时间: 2016-12-15 10:33
that不能指代人

作者: 六只松鼠 时间: 2017-2-28 11:40

448258130 发表于 2013-10-1 15:38
不会，代词一般不会指代紧紧挨着的那个词

你这个思想是建立在这句话已经是正确的情况下啊

作者: dearyy 时间: 2017-3-7 20:37
来回答一个
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
A that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
B that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
C creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
D to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
E who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
首先，that不能指代人，只能用who,所以排除B
C和E本质上是一样的，因为n+doing，直接修饰前面的名词individual，和E的who从句修饰是一样的。
D to do 代表目的，语意不对
所以选A

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C)In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives,Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and
这道题里，选项A, 这里的them是指代前面的illustrations,但是in her book illustrations是插入语，随时可以去掉，所以指代插入语不好。

作者: liu兔兔爱大白 时间: 2017-6-22 23:41
想请问一下这道题的in turn,这个词怎么个理解，有什么使用规律，第一次看到这样的情况，comma +in turn+comma的形式

作者: SHJ877 时间: 2017-10-15 17:23

Macklemost 发表于 2016-6-11 10:22
这个 in an individual 是 mission critical modifier( often takes the form of "of" phrase ) which DEFI ...

没有找到您说的这点啊我看的是第六版SC

作者: SHJ877 时间: 2017-10-15 17:31

SHJ877 发表于 2017-10-15 17:23
没有找到您说的这点啊我看的是第六版SC

找到了谢谢

作者: GPSGWJ 时间: 2017-12-5 11:53
突然想起来一个知识点
只有who/whom 修饰人 that不修饰人...
因此that只能修饰in an dividual前面的reactions

作者: 神粥八宝 时间: 2017-12-8 10:12

SHJ877 发表于 2017-10-15 17:31
找到了谢谢

求问在哪找到的。。。我也用的第六版曼哈顿

作者: 神粥八宝 时间: 2017-12-8 10:12

GPSGWJ 发表于 2017-12-5 11:53
突然想起来一个知识点
只有who/whom 修饰人 that不修饰人...
因此that只能修饰in an dividual前面的reactio ...

求问，定语从句中that不是可以指代人吗？？？？？

作者: doris0021 时间: 2017-12-15 09:49

dearyy 发表于 2017-3-7 20:37
来回答一个
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactio ...

The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
这道题目中你说的A我能理解，就是跳跃修饰；E中有明确的pronouns who，所以肯定是修饰individual。可是问题是C里面这中ving也一样是modifier，ving为什么不能跳跃修饰？

作者: doris0021 时间: 2017-12-15 10:09
It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America’s Lake Superior.
A It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers
B Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
C Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
D Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
E Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering

A和B的“，which”可以修饰Caapian，lake和Earth，从逻辑上看Earth是不合逻辑的，这里不会出现歧义，但是Caspian和Lake在逻辑上都是合理的，这里就出现歧义了，如果“‘which”在修饰lake，句子的意思是C是所有比同类大四倍表面的湖里最大的一个，但是“，which”如果修饰Cpspain就是说Caspian是最大的湖而且Caspian比同类大四倍，因此这两个表意都合理，但是意思却完全不一样？这说明有歧义。
而C“，covering”是伴随状语，是副词性修饰语，根本就不是用来修饰名词的，所以只有可能修饰is和largest，从逻辑上就能判断是修饰largest，表补充说明，没有歧义
D，句子就是错的
E，“，covering”是伴随状语，是副词性修饰语，根本就不是用来修饰名词的

作者: LcR- 时间: 2018-4-30 21:37
第一题的那个that
好像gmat里面that不能指代人 individual应该是人把所以应该跳跃指reactions吧

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