两道Prep2012的CR，第10，12题，求解答~~ - ChaseDream

Prep2012-Pack1-CR-010 VCR004721 Easy

Paper&Print is a chain of British stores sellingmagazines, books, and stationery products. In Britain, magazines’ retail pricesare set by publishers, and the retailer’s share of a magazine's retail price 25percent. Since Paper&Print’s margin on books and stationery products ismuch higher, the chain's management plans to devote more of its stores’ shelfspace to books and stationery products and reduce the number of magazine titlesthat its stores carry. Which of the following, if true, most strongly arguesthat the plan, if put into effect, will increase Paper&Print’s profits?

A. Recently magazine publishers, seeking to increase sharein competitive sectors of the market, have been competitively cutting theretail prices of some of the largest circulation magazines.

B. In market research surveys, few consumers identifyPaper&Print as a book or stationery store but many recognize and value thebroad range of magazines it carries.

C. The publisher’s share of a magazine's price is 50percent, and the publisher also retains all of the magazine's advertisingrevenue.

D. Consumers who subscribe to a magazine generally pay lessper issue than they would if they bought the magazine through a retail outletsuch as Paper&Print.

E. Some of Paper&Print’s locations are in small townsand represent the only retail outlet for books within the community.
我选的是D，答案是B下面是解释。这我就不懂了啊！不是要increase profit么，答案完全是按照要decrease来的啊。。。是答案错了吗？

What would make it least likely that devoting more of thebusiness to books and stationery, and less to magazines, would increaseprofits? The reasoning behind the plan is that Paper&Print has a greaterprofit margin on books and stationery than it can legally attain on magazines,and that carrying more items with higher profit margins and fewer with lowerprofit margins will increase overall profits. A weakness in this reasoning isthat profits depend on actually selling items, not merely on carrying them. Ifmagazines sell far more briskly than other merchandise, shelf space devoted tomagazines may generate higher profits, despite the magazines’ lowerprofit margins. If this were the situation, the plan might backfire and fail toincrease profits.

A. Lower retail prices on magazines could lowerPaper&Print's profits per magazine sold and hence make the plan to devotemore shelf space to merchandise other than magazines more likely to increaseoverall profits.

B. Correct. If far more customers shop atPaper&Print for its broad range of magazines than for its books and stationery,then cutting the shelf space devoted to magazines may disappoint the customers,reducing overall sales and profits.

C. Paper&Print‘s magazine profits come from the 25percent of the magazines’ retail price that goes to the retailer, no matter whogets the rest.

D. This would tend to reduce Paper&Print's magazinesales and hence make the plan to devote more shelf space to merchandise otherthan magazines more likely to increase overall profits.

E. This would tend to increase Paper&Print’s booksales at some stores and hence make the plan to devote more shelf space tobooks rather than magazines more to increase overall profits.

The correct answer is B.

下面这题也不理解。。。

Prep2012-Pack1-CR-012 VCR005853 Easy

The faster a car is traveling, the less time the driver hasto avoid a potential accident, and if a car does crash, higher speeds increasethe risk of a fatality. Between 1995 and 2000, average highway speeds increasedsignificantly in the United States, yet, over that time, there was a drop inthe number of car-crash fatalities per highway mile driven by cars.

Which of the following, if true about the United Statesbetween 1995 and 2000, most helps to explain why the fatality rate decreased inspite of the increase in average highway speeds?

A. The average number of passengers per car on highwaysincreased.

B. There were increases in both the proportion of people whowore seat belts and the proportion of cars that were equipped with airbags assafety devices.

C. The increase in average highway speeds occurred as legalspeed limits were raised on one highway after another.

D. The average mileage driven on highways per car increased.

E. In most locations on the highways, the density ofvehicles on the highway did not decrease, although individual vehicles, onaverage, made their trips more quickly.
我选的是D，答案是B，我知道B是有道理的，但是不知道为什么D不对，有可能是我理解问题。我的逻辑是这样的：每公里事故数=总事故数/总行驶公里数，B是减少了总事故数，D是增加了总行驶公里，两个不都行吗。。。求解答。谢谢！！

Reasoning

What could explain why the number of fatalities per highwaymile driven declined even as average highway speeds increased? We are told thathigher speeds mean a higher risk of fatalities, other things being equal.Consequently, the increasing highway speeds between 1995 and 2000 should haveled to more fatalities per highway mile driven.

Since the fatalities per mile driven actually decreased,some countervailing factor must have increased driving safety more than enoughto compensate for the danger of the higher speeds. Thus, find an answer optionsuggesting how a factor that increased driving safety became more common oreffective between 1995 and 2000.

A. More passengers per car would likely mean even morefatalities per highway mile driven, since more people would die per caraccident.

B. Correct. More seatbelts and airbags would haveprobably reduced the average number of fatalities per car accident, resultingin fewer fatalities per mile driven even if the higher speeds resulted in morecar accidents.

C. This cannot help explain the decrease in fatalities.Driving at a higher speed probably increases the risk of a fatal car accidentregardless of whether the speed is legal or illegal.

D. Fewer accidents per highway mile driven could explain whythe average highway mileage per car increased (since some cars would have gonemore miles before crashing), but the converse is not correct: the increased averagemileage could not explain why there were fewer accidents per mile driven.

E. Instead of explaining why there was a decrease in thenumber of fatalities per highway mile driven, this merely rules out thepossibility that the explanation was a lower density of cars on the highways.

The correct answer is B.