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标题: OG13-86请教语法结构 [打印本页]

作者: Vivian1091 时间: 2013-7-2 08:03
标题: OG13-86请教语法结构

In 2000, a mere two dozen products accounted for half the increase in spending on prescription drugs, a phenomenon( that is explained not just by the fact that drugs are becoming more expensive but also by the fact that doctors are writing many more prescriptions fro higher-cost drugs.)

请教这个正确句子的语法结构，主要是 a phenomenon在这里做什么成分？是同位语吗？同位语可以指代前面整个主句？同位语不是只可以修饰名词或名词性的短语么？

作者: kiwifoodtown 时间: 2013-7-2 10:18
我认为这只是对主句的一种补充说明罢了，LZ也可以认为是同位语，不需要作深究。

作者: bejamin1111 时间: 2013-7-2 10:38
吼吼，有涨姿势了！这个问题有意思，查阅了google上许多关于appositive的解释，基本都是说appositive修饰指代前面的名词，但不一定就是最近的名词，如下面这个来自prep的题目：
The state has proposed new rules that would set minimum staffing levels for nurses, rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room.

A. rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room
B. rules with the intent of ensuring one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients to be put through triage in a hospital emergency room
C. rules intending to ensure at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room put through triage
D. with the intent of ensuring that at least one nurse should be assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room that are put through triage
E. and this is intended to ensure one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room

就a phenomenon这个句子来说，是appositive，Ron关于这个的解释是：
When it is a conceptual noun, it represents the whole action; and when it is a non-conceptual noun, it represents the noun that is immediately adjacent to it.
phenomenon是抽象名词，所以指代是前面整句话，这样的词还有fact，truth等等...

作者: Vivian1091 时间: 2013-7-2 11:09

bejamin1111 发表于 2013-7-2 10:38
吼吼，有涨姿势了！这个问题有意思，查阅了google上许多关于appositive的解释，基本都是说appositive修饰指 ...

嘿嘿，谢谢了，第一次在CD上提问，这么快就解答了，开心。。看来gmat的语法还是要查曼哈顿

作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-7-3 05:03
Ron理解的都对，但是他说的语法名词却是错误的。这里不是一个同位语。

作者: Vivian1091 时间: 2013-7-3 08:17

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-3 05:03
Ron理解的都对，但是他说的语法名词却是错误的。这里不是一个同位语。

请问应该是什么？

作者: hfwang 时间: 2013-7-3 10:31
应该是独立主格结构

作者: 楠树 时间: 2013-7-3 10:38
应该是同位语，起到解释的作用。
独立主格一般表示伴随状态，显然不适合这道题吧~~

作者: hfwang 时间: 2013-7-3 10:59

楠树发表于 2013-7-3 10:38
应该是同位语，起到解释的作用。
独立主格一般表示伴随状态，显然不适合这道题吧~~ ...

From Manhattan
=============
Absolute Phrase - A phrase that consists of a noun and a noun modifier and that modifies a whole clause or sentence.

Appositive - A noun or noun phrase that is placed next to another noun to identify it.

============

"a phenomenon" does not identify "prescription drugs".

作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-7-3 15:25

Vivian1091 发表于 2013-7-3 08:17
请问应该是什么？

我不知道中文名，他是free modifier 的一种，叫Summative modifier
所以它当然不是也不是同位语。同位语也是一种free modifier. 说它是同位语还有情可原，独立主格是完全不正确的。

例如；Economic changes have reduced Russian population growth to less than zero, a demographic event that will have serious social implications

作者: 楠树 时间: 2013-7-4 20:06

hfwang 发表于 2013-7-3 10:59
From Manhattan
=============
Absolute Phrase - A phrase that consists of a noun and a noun modifie ...

不是解释a phenomenon 而是对前面整个句子的解释~~

作者: hfwang 时间: 2013-7-4 20:14

楠树发表于 2013-7-4 20:06
不是解释a phenomenon 而是对前面整个句子的解释~~

我没说解释a phenonmenon呀
我是说，a phenonmenon不能代表drugs，所以不是同位语。

作者: hfwang 时间: 2013-7-4 20:32

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-3 15:25
我不知道中文名，他是free modifier 的一种，叫Summative modifier
所以它当然不是也不是同位语。同位语也 ...

you’re right.

summative modifier倒是第一次听说。多谢！

作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-7-4 20:41

hfwang 发表于 2013-7-4 20:32
you’re right.

summative modifier倒是第一次听说。多谢！

不谢，

作者: 楠树 时间: 2013-7-4 20:42

hfwang 发表于 2013-7-4 20:14
我没说解释a phenonmenon呀
我是说，a phenonmenon不能代表drugs，所以不是同位语。 ...

scientists have found high levels of iridium in certain geological formationas around the worlds, results that suggest the ~~~~
这句话是某个版本的OG中某道题的原话，cd某版本的笔记上专门做过解释，显然results 不是指代worlds ，但并不妨碍它是标准的同位语

作者: hfwang 时间: 2013-7-4 20:47

楠树发表于 2013-7-4 20:42
scientists have found high levels of iridium in certain geological formationas around the worlds, ...

enkyklios已经解释了

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