E不对吧，其中 uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting 有歧义啊？
每个选项都有明显的错误，怎么回事啊？不会现在的gmat考题都是这种的吧？马上要靠了担心阿
In Scotland, the number of wild salmon have been reduced because of uncontrolled deepsea
and coastal netting, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.
A. number of wild salmon have been reduced because of uncontrolled deep-sea and
coastal netting
B. number of wild salmon is reduced because deep-sea and coastal netting is not
controlled
C. numbers of wild salmon has been reduced because of uncontrolled deep-sea and
coastal netting
D. wild salmon’s numbers are reduced by deep-sea and coastal netting that is not
controlled
E. wild salmon’s numbers have been reduced by uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal
netting
MINE B
ANS E
WHY?
我怎么觉着A也读的通呀!
A和E有什么不同呢????
哦~如果把A中的have been 改成has been就对了,是吧!
这个是过去完成时的被动语态, 所以B不对
没见过numbers的形式来表示某某的数目,不知道是不是题目输入有误
这题真的很难选，无奈中我选了E，主要是考虑到未画线部分的by对称。
而这里的numbers一直让我难以理解，是不是除了“数量”外还有其他的意思？如果不是这个numbers这个选项就很完美。
I picked E because all others have some obvious faults.
A. have been reduced --> has been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
B. is not controlled --> are not controlled. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
C. has been reduced --> have been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
D. is not controlled --> are not controlled. Awkward.
however, can we use "wild salmon’s numbers" ?
同意anitahsu的看法，关于numbers 的用法同问
I picked E because all others have some obvious faults.
A. have been reduced --> has been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
B. is not controlled --> are not controlled. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
C. has been reduced --> have been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
D. is not controlled --> are not controlled. Awkward.
however, can we use "wild salmon’s numbers" ?
对于从句的主谓一致问题，我觉得deep-sea和coastal并列修饰netting，中心词是netting，所以谓语用单数是应该的。
E我觉得从逻辑意思上来讲更好，因为数目的减少是因为by uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal
netting，by pollution, and by various other threats。完美的平行，结构对称，逻辑意思对等。
B number of wild salmon is reduced because deep-sea and coastal netting is not
controlled， by pollution, and by various other threats
其中by pollution,, and by various other threats 不知作何成分？如果要表达 deep-sea and coastal netting is not controlled(，) by pollution(,) and by various other threats，这2格逗号都不需要；而且逻辑意思上来讲不同，看一下：因为深海和沿岸的渔网没有被污染和其他威胁所控制。
关于表达数量的时候用numer还是numbers得问题，我的经验是优先选择number，但是numbers也可以。2道og得题： og 23，og 251，ETS有用numbers得，也有用number，所以是一个相对错误---当然这一点是从经验得出，没有理论根据！--希望有人解答！
23. A Labor Department study states that the numbers of women employed outside the home grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase in the past decade and accounted for more than sixty-two percent of the total growth in the civilian work force.
(A) numbers of women employed outside the home grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase
(B) numbers of women employed outside the home grew more than thirty-five percent
(C) numbers of women employed outside the home were raised by more than thirty-five percent
(D) number of women employed outside the home increased by more than thirty-five percent
(E) number of women employed outside the home was raised by more than a thirty-five percent increase
Because a count of women employed outside the home at any given time will be expressed by a single number, the use of the plural noun numbers in choices A, B, and C is illogical. In A, the phrase grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase is redundant and wordy, since the sense of increase is implicit in the verb grew. In C and E, the passive verb forms were raised and was raised are inappropriate because there is no identifiable agent responsible for the raising of the number of women employed. In choice E, was raised by ... increase is redundant. Choice D, which presents the comparison logically and idiomatically, is the best answer.
251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
(D) extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
(E) extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
A, the best choice, uses a singular pronoun, its, to refer to the singular antecedent The gyrfalcon, and it properly uses the construction its numbers are now ... greater than. In B, the construction its numbers are ... more is not idiomatic: there are more birds, but not more numbers. Choices C and D use a plural pronoun, their or they, to refer to a grammatically singular antecedent, The gyrfalcon. Choices D and E wrongly use a phrase introduced by now with to modify The gyrfalcon. In both choices, the phrase confusingly seems to parallel with extinction; a new clause with a present tense verb is needed to state what the gyrfalcon's numbers are now.
又仔细看了一下，好像ETS倾向于这样子用：
the number of sth,----number用单数
sb/sth's (单数名词) numbers----number用复数
deep-sea与coastal 并列后再修饰netting吧，因此用is，但好像句子结构与后面的不平行，做题时用number把ACDE全排除了，现在发现不对，但D中的numbers怎么理解？
又仔细看了一下，好像ETS倾向于这样子用：
the number of sth,----number用单数
sb/sth's (单数名词) numbers----number用复数
而今迈步从头越 总结的好. 我今天再看了一下大全, 对number的用法有了一个飞跃性的认识. 这是我的补充. 欢迎讨论.
1) 前面只要有the或a, 就一定用number:
1. A Labor Department study states that the numbers of women employed outside the home grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase in the past decade and accounted for more than sixty-two percent of the total growth in the civilian work force.
(A) numbers of women employed outside the home grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase
(B) numbers of women employed outside the home grew more than thirty-five percent
(C) numbers of women employed outside the home were raised by more than thirty-five percent
(D) number of women employed outside the home increased by more than thirty-five percent（D）
(E) number of women employed outside the home was raised by more than a thirty-five percent increase
有the, numbers必错.
2. A number of linguists contend that all of the thousands of languages spoken by the world’s five billion people can be traced back to a common root language.
3. Developing nations in various parts of the world have amassed $700 billion in debts; at stake, should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, is the solvency of some of the world’s largest multinational banks.
(A) should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, is
(B) should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, are
(C) should they repudiate a significant number of these debts, are
(D) if there is a repudiation of a significant number of these debts, would be（A）
(E) if a significant number of these debts will be repudiated, is
4. Dr. Tonegawa won the Nobel Prize for discovering how the body can constantly change its genes to fashion a seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each specifically targeted at an invading microbe or foreign substance.
(A) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each specifically targeted at
(B) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically to
(C) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, all specifically targeted at
(D) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, all of them targeted specifically to（E）
(E) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically at
5.
(A) a higher number of family dwellings per capita than any large city
(B) higher numbers of family dwellings per capita than any other large city
(C) a higher number of family dwellings per capita than does any other large city
(D) higher numbers of family dwellings per capita than do other large cities（C）
(E) a high per capita number of family dwellings, more than does any other large city
此题B和C在number上的用法都对, 从其他地方入手.
6. The argument that the dominant form of family structure today is not the nuclear family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families, the amount of vertical and horizontal communication between family subunits, and the extent to which family members offer assistance to one another.
(A) family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(B) family, but is instead a family that is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
(C) family, which has been modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(D) family but a modified extended family is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families（D）
(E) family, but also a modified and extended family, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
7. The brain is something of a stimulus reduction system, a means to reduce, in order to comprehend, the nearly infinite amount of stimuli that reach the senses at any given moment.
(A) a means to reduce, in order to comprehend, the nearly infinite amount
(B) a means to reduce, in order to comprehend, the nearly infinite number
(C) the means of reducing for comprehending the nearly infinite number
(D) the means that reduces, in order to comprehend, the nearly infinite amount（B）
(E) the means for reducing in order to comprehend the nearly infinite amount
8. With its plan to develop seven and a half acres of shore land, Cleveland is but one of a large number of communities on the Great Lakes that is looking to its waterfront as a way to improve the quality of urban life and attract new businesses.
9. The prime lending rate is a key rate in the economy: not only are the interest rates on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses tied to the prime, but also on a growing number of consumer loans, including home equity loans.
2) 如果是one of, 就用numbers
10.
(A)
(B)
(C) New Jersey has a report of one of the five highest numbers of
(D) New Jersey has one of the five highest numbers of reported（D）
(E)
3) 没有a/the, 一定用numbers
11. The Coast Guard recently redesigned channel markers in the
(A) numbers of ospreys, whose huge nests
(B) numbers of ospreys, their huge nests
(C) amounts of ospreys, the huge nests of which
(D) nests of ospreys they（A）
(E) numbers of ospreys, and their huge nests
12. The golden crab of the
(A) on account of living
(B) on account of their living
(C) because it lives
(D) because of living（C）
(E) because they live
13. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
(D) extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had（A）
(E) extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
14. The speculative fever of the Roaring Twenties infected rich and poor alike; vast quantities of people were dangerously overextended, credit was absurdly easy to obtain, and most brokerage houses required only ten percent cash for stocks bought on “margin.”
(A) rich and poor alike; vast quantities of people were dangerously overextended
(B) both rich and poor alike; large amounts of people dangerously overextended themselves
(C) rich and poor alike; great numbers of people were dangerously overextended
(D) both rich and poor alike; vast amounts of people dangerously overextended themselves（C）
(E) both rich and poor; great quantities of people were dangerously overextended
15. When the technique known as gene-splicing was invented in the early
(A) it would kill vast numbers of humans who would have no natural defenses against it
(B) it might kill vast numbers of humans with no natural defenses against it
(C) kill vast numbers of humans who would have no natural defenses against it
(D) kill vast numbers of humans who have no natural defenses against them（C）
(E) kill vast numbers of humans with no natural defenses against them
我觉得还要看number的用法：
1、表示有很多，后面接可数名词：可用number, a number of birds,很多birds
也可用numbers，og上有这两个例子：In great numbers, vast numbers of humans。具体我记不清了！可以在文档中搜一下！
2、表某物的数量：
the number of sth,----number用单数
sb/sth's (单数名词) numbers----number用复数
当然如果从形式上来看的话，lilyzy MM的总结也不错！
E不对吧，其中 uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting 有歧义啊？
每个选项都有明显的错误，怎么回事啊？不会现在的gmat考题都是这种的吧？马上要靠了担心阿
E不对吧，其中 uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting 有歧义啊？
每个选项都有明显的错误，怎么回事啊？不会现在的gmat考题都是这种的吧？马上要靠了担心阿
我也支持E。"uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting"不会有歧义，因为uncontrolled，deep-sea和coastal都是形容词，修饰netting。
前面几位对numbers的总结很好。但我觉得，当某事物可能用多个number描述时，就可以用复数numbers，否则只能用单数number。这里wild salmon，可能有N种，每种有一个number，象是一个EXCEL表格。大家用这个法则套套其他OG题，应该好用。
看看以下Longman的例子，可能说只有's才能用numbers的说法可商榷。
”the numbers
a) information about something that is shown using numbers“
In Oxford, although the numbers of infected heterosexuals are low, they're rising dramatically.
Such individuals will then continue to breed, and the numbers will not sink as rapidly as the population controllers would like.
晕了 完全推翻了前面两位的总结
请问在具体的题目中你是怎么判断某个事务有多类的呢
这里的wild salmon还能分出多个种类来？比如说长胡须的、短胡须的？
我都搞不清还有什么不能再分类了
贊同而今迈步从头越...
the number + 單數動詞
a number + 複數動詞
似乎沒有 the numbers 的用法....open discussion....只剩下B可選
I picked E because all others have some obvious faults.
A. have been reduced --> has been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
B. is not controlled --> are not controlled. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
C. has been reduced --> have been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
D. is not controlled --> are not controlled. Awkward.
however, can we use "wild salmon’s numbers" ?
这题肯定是B啦，deep-sea and coastal netting里的deep-sea and coastal 都是修饰netting的，后面当然是is啦。
对于E来说，我们先不谈number这个词，也是错的。鱼的数目怎么可能是被uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting 来直接reduce的呢？uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting 是不能发出动作的，只能导致减少。另外，ETS很不喜欢被动语态，这个句子一看就长得不像对的（当然这不是主要问题）。
can somebody please justify why "Have been" can be used in E?
I did not see any sign that we should use "Have Been".....
By the way, I do think that, in D, "that is not controlled" is not wrong in modifying netting.
没话说了,只能是E了...
ETS真是BT
这题应该是E，即使B中的deep-sea and coastal 都是用来修饰netting的-----is没有错的话，那划线部分后面的逗号还有两个by, 都是什么成分啊？句子明显不通啊。
In
vote for B,the wild salmon's number 感觉不对，the特指wild salmon不对，没有理由特指
无语了，只看到reduced就选了B，后面根本没看
E应该是对的了，ETS真的蛮BT的
b 錯喔
因為, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.
說明題目中會有三個由by開頭的平行對稱的介詞片語
即by A, by B ,and by C
如果是兩個對秤的用and連接,就應該是by pollution and by various other threats
AND 前不加逗號
剛好E 符合這個語法原則 故e對喔~~
我觉得B没有不对的地方呀
E 倒是明显错误 numbers have
B肯定错 后面两个by就把它排除了
但我觉得E的完成时也有问题
为什么不选D?deep-sea 和coastal都修饰netting所以后面用单数is
我个人觉得这道题目不是考察number(s)r 用法，而是第一是ABC的不平行，第二是D中的uncontrolled 用定语从保句不简洁，因为没有歧义，uncontrolled 只能修饰netting 这个中心名词.
但是还是要非常感谢number(s)r 用法总结！
b 錯喔
因為, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.
說明題目中會有三個由by開頭的平行對稱的介詞片語
即by A, by B ,and by C
如果是兩個對秤的用and連接,就應該是by pollution and by various other threats
AND 前不加逗號
剛好E 符合這個語法原則 故e對喔~~
赞一个!
终于明白了
只能按照从头越的解释了，E确实怪得少些
2006年3月26日
同骂一踢死
一开始我就派除了A,B,C
可是，D为什么不好呢？
uncontroled deep-sea and coastal netting 明显有歧义，谁见过adj. + (adj. + and + adj.) +n.的修辞？
为了表达清晰，就应该用adj. and adj. +n. that is adj.
我支持D，谁支持我？？？？？？？？
我支持D
D与E两个不同点：
1.时态
2.对netting的修饰
对于时态，我认为现在时正确，陈述一个事实，并且在句中没有明显的时态标志，没有必要使用完成时
对于问题2，对netting的修饰，DE中两个用法都可以
修饰属于句子表达效率问题，应该排在时态问题之后，我认为，E错
我觉得还要看number的用法：
1、表示有很多，后面接可数名词：可用number, a number of birds,很多birds
也可用numbers，og上有这两个例子：In great numbers, vast numbers of humans。具体我记不清了！可以在文档中搜一下！
2、表某物的数量：
the number of sth,----number用单数
sb/sth's (单数名词) numbers----number用复数
当然如果从形式上来看的话，lilyzy MM的总结也不错！
谢谢总结。
Let's Fight,
Demon Hunter
E;
A-"the number of..." is singular, but "have been reduced" is plural--subject-verb disagreement;
B-parallelsim--"is reduced because..." is not parallel with "by pollution, and by various other threats...," plus, the present tense changes the meaning of the sentence, and "deep-sea and coastal netting is not controlled..." doesn't work, in replacing "uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting...;"
C-"numbers of" is always wrong and "because of" is better said as "by;"
D-present tense changes meaning, plus, awkward, passive construction.
赞一个，先
终于知道怎么总结了，但是好像时间不多了，呜呜
呵呵，明显是E
B是个好大的陷阱－－语法形式看起来很对，但解释起来却毫无逻辑！专给我这种一看到"the number of ...+ 单数谓语"就两眼发亮，然后又没有耐性看完所有选项的人踩的。不要和我一样糊涂啊！！！
faint,e or d
b 錯喔
因為, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.
說明題目中會有三個由by開頭的平行對稱的介詞片語
即by A, by B ,and by C
如果是兩個對秤的用and連接,就應該是by pollution and by various other threats
AND 前不加逗號
剛好E 符合這個語法原則 故e對喔~~
yes! u r right!
对e选项我还有一个疑问：为什么要用完成时？并没有时间标志显示这里要用完成时。
从这一点看，d要好一些 （虽然 deep-sea and coastal netting that is not controlled 不太简洁）
the number of 的意思是什么什么的数字，所以ABC都错 无故改变时态 选E
a不能用被动阿，只有d比较顺眼，但d不是最完美
vote for B,the wild salmon's number 感觉不对，the特指wild salmon不对，没有理由特指
不是特指吧。the加单数名词不是可以用来指这一类的东西吗？
而且，虽然感觉不太好，但是也有类似the wild salmon's number 的说法啊……
I picked E because all others have some obvious faults.
A. have been reduced --> has been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
B. is not controlled --> are not controlled. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
C. has been reduced --> have been reduced. The first part of the sentence is not parallel with the 2nd.
D. is not controlled --> are not controlled. Awkward.
however, can we use "wild salmon’s numbers" ?
查了朗文，netting是不可数名词，因此用is是没有问题的，E没有理由用完成时态啊？
不用争了，prep-209，答案是E
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