FeiFei-73（lawyer拆贴） - ChaseDream

(A) Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.

(B) Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication.

这个题不是太明白后面两句话和前面的联系的意思,所以也搞不明白为什么要选A??请指教!

1。后面的话将它当作背景知识，只是说明用复制科学试验的方法代替官方方法并没什麽坏处。

2。其实原文只有一个观点，即结论，并没什直接证据。A直接WEAKEN结论，指出这种replicated(复制)的方法确认科学试验的作法不适应一种情况：刚做该实验时是经得起考验的，但时间长啦，比如很多年后，再REPLICATED，如果disconfirm该实验，这种disconfirm不能否定该实验。

一些实验结果出来之后，可能在好长时间内没有人去做REPLICATION来验证, 如果存在CARELESS REPORTING和FRAUD的话, 那错误就存在很长时间却没有人提出挑战, 这怎么能说它会HARMLESS呢? 至少在一定时间内是HARMFUL的

谢谢两位版主的解释.lawyer版主是从There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication of results by other scientists 这里看出有一种replication方法跟官方验证方法不用的吗?

Poor scientific work on the part of any one scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to fraud, is not harmful. -------- conclusion.

There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication of results by other scientists. ---------- premise.

It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results. --------------------reasoning.

73. There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication of results by other scientists. （ Poor scientific work on the part of any one scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results. ）

以下是引用小I爱漂漂在2004-12-18 9:24:00的发言：
FeiFei-73
73. There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication of results by other scientists. Poor scientific work on the part of any one scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results.

Which one of the following, if true, would weaken the argument?

(A) Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.

(B) Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication.

(D) In scientific experiments, careless reporting is more common than fraud.

(E) Most scientists work as part of a team rather than alone.

这个题不是太明白后面两句话和前面的联系的意思,所以也搞不明白为什么要选A??请指教!

题目文本的用意在于反对现行于科学界的论文发表审查制度，认为没有必要通过制度化的方式来防止作弊和内容性错误，原文认为基于科学研究的特性，发表出来的科研结果如果是错的，那只要有人按照论文重复一下研究过程，那么真伪自然明了。