ChaseDream

标题: PREP08#2 194 only的位置与语义的改变【已解决】 [打印本页]

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-5-13 20:30
标题: PREP08#2 194 only的位置与语义的改变【已解决】
194. (GWD-11-32)

Since 1975 so many people have been moving to Utah such that Mormons who were once 75 percent of the population are now only accounting for half of it.

D. many people have been moving to Utah such that the Mormons, who once represented 75 percent of the population, now only account for half

E. so many people have been moving to Utah that the Mormons, who once represented 75 percent of the population, now account for only half
OA: E

想问一下关于D、E中only位置改变是否产生歧义的问题：
单独抽出关键D、E中的关键部分如下：
D: The Mormons now only account for half of the population.
E: The Mormons now account for only half of the population.

将E中的only从修饰half变为修饰accout for是否会产生句意不清？

manhattan中提到only位置产生歧义是分别在主语与谓语前，如下：
The Mormons now only account for half of the population.
Only the Mormons now account for half of the population.
这样调整位置句意肯定会改变没问题，只是想问问上一组例子中，句意是否会有变化呢？
虽然我自己想了半天觉得应该是不会有变化的（有的话应该也很小吧...），但又不确定...

希望各位CDers能帮忙解惑，非常感谢了~~~

作者: chineuro 时间: 2013-5-13 21:32
D: The Mormons now only account for half of the population.
E: The Mormons now account for only half of the population.
这样调整位置句意肯定会改变没问题，只是想问问上一组例子中，句意是否会有变化呢？

这个真没有……

作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-5-14 08:37
D选项中的so many people...such that...是不对的。
即使你只看Only的位置：
D和E选项中，that引导的从句的主语是the Mormons,谓语是account，按照你的解释，那么only的位置就会产生歧义。

作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-5-14 08:46
OG12中第5题：
Diabetes, together with its serious complications,
ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death,
surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.
(A) ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of
death, surpassed only
(B) rank as the nation’s third leading cause of death,
only surpassed
(C) has the rank of the nation’s third leading cause
of death, only surpassed
(D) are the nation’s third leading causes of death,
surpassed only
(E) have been ranked as the nation’s third leading
causes of death, only surpassed
尽管surpass不是作为谓语，比较的对象是diabetes和heart disease and cancer。所以，only 应该修饰后面的名词短语，而不是动词。我觉得这种题，需要弄清楚到底是谁和谁在比较。你引用的那道题，也是在说M人，和50%的人口之间的联系，所以only应该修饰人口，而不是动词！

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-5-14 10:08

chineuro 发表于 2013-5-13 21:32
D: The Mormons now only account for half of the population.
E: The Mormons now account for only half ...

亲，非常感谢哦~

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-5-14 10:11

zxppx 发表于 2013-5-14 08:46
OG12中第5题：
Diabetes, together with its serious complications,
ranks as the nation’s third leadin ...

非常感谢PPX~
这道OG的题目only的考点和我遇到的这个问题几乎是一模一样的（看了OG还是没有刷认真啊...）

看了OG的解释，说only应该是修饰by heart disease and cancer，如果在surpassed之前，“only would more ambiguously limit surpassed”，但是我用语义还是感觉不懂only的歧义...

D is surpassed only by heart disease and cancer. ==>D只被心脏病和癌症超越；
D is only surpassed by heart disease and cancer. ==>D仅仅超越被心脏病和癌症；

感觉PPX亲是通过only逻辑上的修饰对象来判断only的修饰是否错误，但我觉得在考试很短的时间内分析不出来，想用语义来判断歧义又体会不到...
还是很纠结啊...

ANYWAY，非常感谢PPX的回复呀~~

作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-5-14 11:09

jay871750293 发表于 2013-5-14 10:11
非常感谢PPX~
这道OG的题目only的考点和我遇到的这个问题几乎是一模一样的（看了OG还是没有刷认真啊... ...

其实你可以这样来想：
以OG第五题为例，Only如果修饰动词的话，那可以理解为“只被超过”，这个动词短语。排除了可能还会有其他的动词短语在比较（除了“超过”以外的动词，不需要考虑“被...超过”）。only如果修饰名词短语，则是强调“对象”，即糖尿病被...超过。同样的，排除了可能还会有其他对象在比较（比如，白血病等）。很明显，后面一种解释更加合理。
我在做2007语法笔记的时候，有一道题：
A collection of 38 poems by Phillis Wheatley, a slave, was published in the 1770s, the first book by a Black woman and it was only the second published by an American woman.

A. it was only the second published by an American woman

B. it was only the second that an American woman published

C. the second one only published by an American woman

D. the second one only that an American woman published

E. only the second published by an American woman
这道题，同样是考察only的修饰对象问题。如果选C，那么only 修饰published，说明这本诗集是第二本唯一被出版的，强调“被出版”，那很可能其他黑人妇女也写了书，只是还没有被出版。而E选项，强调“唯一的第二本”，正好也是A选项原来的意思。正确选项E。

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-5-16 10:41

zxppx 发表于 2013-5-14 11:09
其实你可以这样来想：
以OG第五题为例，Only如果修饰动词的话，那可以理解为“只被超过”，这个动词短语 ...

谢谢PPX的例题~

有点明白了，还是看only强调的内容，如果是强调动作的唯一性（只有这个动作，没有其他动作），就在V之前，强调N的唯一性也同理~

但关于这道题的E我还是有疑惑，我觉得second已经是有唯一性的含义在里面了，为什么还要在用only强调？难道意思是要排除并列第二的可能吗？

作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-5-16 11:27

jay871750293 发表于 2013-5-16 10:41
谢谢PPX的例题~

有点明白了，还是看only强调的内容，如果是强调动作的唯一性（只有这个动作，没有其他动 ...

用并列来解释可能比较合理：比如还有别的黑人女性也同时出版了她们的书。但这个用中文理解起来确实有些奇怪！
only是修饰整个the second published by an American woman. 应该是要强调出这个“第二的”意思

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-5-16 12:56

zxppx 发表于 2013-5-16 11:27
用并列来解释可能比较合理：比如还有别的黑人女性也同时出版了她们的书。但这个用中文理解起来确实有些奇 ...

got it~

thank you so much~~~

作者: Kya 时间: 2013-6-29 17:20
正好有Only位置造成语义变化的纠结点~~非常感谢LZ和NN的精彩问答~~Up！

作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-6-29 18:46

Kya 发表于 2013-6-29 17:20
正好有Only位置造成语义变化的纠结点~~非常感谢LZ和NN的精彩问答~~Up！

很开心能有帮助~

作者: joanfighter 时间: 2013-7-1 10:16
正好问了我疑惑的地方谢谢~

作者: coconutmi 时间: 2013-8-31 07:12
谢谢~~~~~~因为我看过一本早年间新东方刊物说副词修饰动词时的位置,不及物动词就放在动词前或者介词后,结果果断放在动词前. 但这样看来，only的对象不是动词就不能用这个法则~

作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2014-1-29 17:34

zxppx 发表于 2013-5-16 11:27
用并列来解释可能比较合理：比如还有别的黑人女性也同时出版了她们的书。但这个用中文理解起来确实有些奇 ...

这个only讲得很到位啊，突然发现自己的OG刷得好水啊，Og还是得好好利用才行。

PPX再帮我讲一下这个only 放在这的意思，我已经晕了

作者: zxppx 时间: 2014-2-2 13:34

olivia瓜瓜发表于 2014-1-29 17:34
这个only讲得很到位啊，突然发现自己的OG刷得好水啊，Og还是得好好利用才行。

PPX再帮我讲一下这个only ...

A collection of 38 poems by Phillis Wheatley, a slave, was published in the 1770s, the first book by a Black woman and it was only the second published by an American woman.

A. it was only the second published by an American woman

B. it was only the second that an American woman published

C. the second one only published by an American woman

D. the second one only that an American woman published

E. only the second published by an American woman

C和E选项主要区别在于only的位置。C中的only是用来修饰published by an American woman, 是说这个collection是第二本仅仅被一个美国女人出版的书，那么强调的是美国女人出版，说明不是其他国家，也不是男人出版的这个collection. E选项的only修饰的是the second (book),强调的是第二本，而不是第三本或者第四本，这和前面的the first book构成平行结构，都是指“第几本...的书”。only既可以修饰动词，也可以修饰名词，，还可以修饰介词短语，所以拿不定主意的时候，看看原句的意思，如果没有问题就不要改动。先判断语法错误，然后从逻辑意思来看，这是我的一个方法。也有人喜欢直接从逻辑意思来比较，选择一个适合自己的吧！
不好意思，这几天回老家了，一直没用电脑，刚看看你的留言！

作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2014-2-3 21:23

zxppx 发表于 2014-2-2 13:34
A collection of 38 poems by Phillis Wheatley, a slave, was published in the 1770s, the first book ...

谢谢PPX，讲解很详细。懂了，教的步骤很不错。

BTW，PPX重庆人

作者: AHOLA 时间: 2015-2-12 22:38
看了各位的解答，总结了一下还是要看逻辑句意为主，only要放在想要强调的内容前。
在这里顺便呈现一道类似的题
Shoppers in sporting goods stores, unlike in department stores, do very little impulse shopping, not buying a pair of skis and a boomerang when they come in for a basketball, but they leave with a basketball only.
A in department stores, do very little impulse shopping, not buying a pair of skis and a boomerang when they come in for a basketball, but they leave with a basketball only
B in department stores, shop impulsively very little; someone who comes in for a basketball will leave with a basketball only and not also buy a pair of skis and a boomerang as well
C those in department stores, do very little impulse shopping, do not buy a pair of skis and a boomerang when they come in for a basketball, but leave with only a basketball
D those in department stores, do very little impulse shopping; someone who comes in for a basketball will leave with a basketball only and not buy a pair of skis and a boomerang as well
E department stores, shop impulsively very little; someone will not buy a pair of skis and a boomerang when they come in for a basketball but will leave with only a basketball

correct －－d
我还是有一个疑问，c中only leave with a basketball  这样改的话是不是就对了？
因为这里是想要强调只带走了篮球，那在leave前强调可不可以？
请教各位

作者: 有很多可能的L 时间: 2018-8-21 21:00
mark

欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/)