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The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher
Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from
northern Ecuador through Peru to Southern Chile.
A. Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
B. Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
C. Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and
extended
D. Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended
E. Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending

extent 与 extending
12. Most nations regard their airspace as extending upward as high as an aircraft can fly; no specific altitude, however, has been officially recognized as a boundary.
(A) as extending
(B) as the extent
(C) to be an extent
(D) to be an extension
(E) to extend
答案：A

补充一下extent(n); extend(v); extended(adj)的用法

1.extend (v) 延长

2.extended(adj.)

an extended discussion: 长时间的讨论; an extended meaning : 引伸的含义

3.extent(N.):

1).to a certain extent/to some extent/to an extent (=partly)
2).They examined the extent to which (=how much) age affected language-learning ability.
3).To what extent (=how much) did she influence his decision?
4). to such an extent that/to the extent that (=so much that)
Violence increased to the extent that residents were afraid to leave their homes.
The shelf extends 20 cms from the bookcase.
5)extent of
Considering the extent of his injuries he's lucky to be alive.
It's too early to assess the full extent of the damage.

259. Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.

Choice A is best. The "-ing" (present participle) form introduces action that is simultaneous with the action of the main clause; i.e., bringing indicates that the number of wild birds became 34 when the sea eagles left their nests. In B, there is no subject available for the singular present-tense verb brings. The subject cannot be eagles, since that noun is plural and the action of its verb left is in the past. Neither C nor D contains a grammatical referent for it. In E, the use of and brought implies two discrete actions on the part of the eagles, and thus lacks the clarity of the best answer, where bringing underscores the cause-and-effect nature of the situation.

259. Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.

210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal relationships; A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending ... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in the past.

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