标题: 跪求大神解答该逻辑题 [打印本页] 作者: ganshuiji 时间: 2013-4-15 21:55 标题: 跪求大神解答该逻辑题 A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The reseacher concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease.
The researcher's conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions ?
A. High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity does.
B. Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
C. People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
D. Mental illness does not cause people's immune-system activity to decrease.
E. Psycological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.
参考答案给的是D,给的解释是说the reseacher asserts that immune-system activity can inhibit mental illness as it does physical illness. While it is possible that mental illness might itself depress immune-system activity, the reseacher assumes that this is not the case. If mental illness caused a decline in immune-system activity, then lower levels of immune-system activity would be expected as a result, and the higher levels would merely indicate the absence of illness rather than any effect on illness.
B: Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
否定B: Mental illness is not similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
否定之后,结论the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease并没有崩溃。不管mental illness和physical disease是否有相似的effects on body systems, 免疫系统都可以protect against mental illness and against physical disease。
还有就是effects on body systems其实是irrelevant的,因为passage中没有谈到关于effects of mental illness的任何东西。
其实这一类的题是属于manhattan CR里的Assumptions can eliminate alternate causes for a given conclusion。
Premise: A和B有关
Conclusion: A推出B
Assumption: B不能推出A
Here,
A=people who have low levels of immune-system activity
B=score much lower on tests of mental health (mental illness)作者: gmf 时间: 2013-4-16 10:51
楼主你好!我开始看这道题也选了B. 因为很大程度被出题者骗到了。
之所以说骗到了是因为出题者成功的将我们的注意力从:levels of immune-system activity & mental illness 吸引到:mental illness & physical disease。其实这两个地方都有作者的assumption。如果楼主你明白了D项为什么对,那么请试想一下,即使证实了B项 mental illness & physical disease作用相同,能够得出immune system protects against...来吗?思考一下,还是不能!就像OG解释说的那样:higher levels would merely indicate the absence of illness rather than any effect on illness.