1)我感觉OG要表达的意思是,dash的用法有很多种。
如果没有that,你可以理解成后半句是对前面一整句的补充,这明显是不符合逻辑的。
(The structure makes that clause appear to be an awkward and rhetorically puzzling separate assertion that the writer has appended to the prior claim about what the anthropologists believe.)
加了that之后可以利用平行很清楚地表达后半句是对前一句宾语的解释。
(这里应该没有一个选项可以让后句修饰population bottleneck,
因为如果是把dash当做comma使用,后句应该是which从句或者appositive从句吧?)
2)our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers
这个的问题主要Present participle可以多种修饰方式。
如果是定语从句,那是the event reduced the numbers
如果是状语,那就要考虑主语。 但,reduce 这个动作的发出者不是 our ancestors,所以这样的说法是有问题的。
因此OG说 The agent or cause of reducing is unclear。
3)这个不是很懂了。但觉得,没有明确规则不就正是ambiguity的来源?所以这样的用法就是不够好的。
呵呵,我不是黑侠,试着给你解释一下, 状语从句你试着把它补成一个句子; ancestor reduce their numbers,,能说的通吗? reduing的动作发出者是ancestor逻辑上是有问题的
说下个人看法,不对的,咱们继续讨论
1)句子结构为:Some anthropologist believe that the genetic homogeneity evident...is the result...-- that...our ancestors suffered an event...
2)我觉得这题的类型在OG12是没有出现过的,以前看到的Dash,都是对就近名词的解释比较多;但是这里的话,直接是整个that从句的解释。破折号的作用为“换句话说”,OG解释 Scientists believe that X—[in other words,] that Y. In this construction, X and Y are parallel clauses. 这应该算是一个平行吧,genetic homogeneity evident is the result (X)与 our ancestors suffered an event(Y);说明Y是对X的另一个解释
3)我们假设A是正确的,some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"【--at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event】, greatly reducing their numbers and thus our genetic variation.
这个时候,reducing的逻辑主语为some anthropologists,而不是an event,导致了The agent or cause of reducing is unclear.
enkyklios 发表于 2013-4-12 23:33
The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 感觉 ...
The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 感觉一下,当然是雪持续一周导致的,但是和本句有什么不同?
我不会解释,
Yui1991 发表于 2013-4-12 23:17
1、嗯...我是觉得把dash当成colon来用,不是comma,所以是对“popullation bottleneck”的的解释说明, ...
Yui1991 发表于 2013-4-12 20:43
不明白啊= =我看了ving的贴,不都是说要求是DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE么?但是也能说通啊,(比 ...
elainecao 发表于 2013-12-1 12:50
我觉得是不是可以这样理解:
(1)"The omission of that after dash makes the function of the final cla ...
rylstar01 发表于 2013-4-12 21:52
说下个人看法,不对的,咱们继续讨论
1)句子结构为:Some anthropologist believe that the genetic hom ...
rylstar01 发表于 2013-4-12 21:52
说下个人看法,不对的,咱们继续讨论
1)句子结构为:Some anthropologist believe that the genetic hom ...
endsakura 发表于 2013-8-24 17:56
我和楼主简直有同样的疑问,但是现在似乎明白了点儿。是不是that的存在应该取决于意思,如果要解释说明一个 ...
kakadinho 发表于 2013-12-13 00:13
Manhattan 关于破折号的解释:You can use the dash to restate or explain an earlier part of the sent ...
kakadinho 发表于 2013-12-13 00:13
Manhattan 关于破折号的解释:You can use the dash to restate or explain an earlier part of the sent ...
adamzjw 发表于 2013-4-12 20:46
1)我感觉OG要表达的意思是,dash的用法有很多种。
如果没有that,你可以理解成后半句是对前面一整句的补充 ...
清酉湘竹2018 发表于 2018-11-17 08:32
V-VING做结果状语没问题,修饰对象是前面的句子,而不是前面句子的主语。所以A项的错误仅仅是没有“that”
...
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