12. For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly, Holstein cows are producing an average of 2,275 gallons of milk each per year.
答案为E: provided with high-energy feed and milked regularly, Holstein cows will produce
请问，for the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, 在句中做什么成份？
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=80065
选A
for 短语作状语
JERRY， 这题与那道讨论的题的区别是：选项E的COW用的是复数，原来排除它的理由不成立了！
provided with high-energy feed and milked regularly 可以做H COW的定语
Q12:
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed,
and milking them regularly,
milk each per year.
A. providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
B. providing them with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the
C. provided with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
D. provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the
E. provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
Attention:
In choice E, it is "Holstein cowS". Hence, 似水年华 has a point. E is preferable to A.
这不是判E错的理由，E真正错在“provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly”夹心修饰，语法上修前修后都可以，所以……
我更倾向于A
这不是判E错的理由，E真正错在“provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly”夹心修饰，语法上修前修后都可以，所以……
我更倾向于A
同意！
A选项的providing them...，由于them只能指代cows，the farmer 是单数，所以providing them的逻辑主语明确，即修饰对象明确，因此没有E选项的修饰问题。
我比较倾向与选E， provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly修饰的是主语cows，要是用providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly， 那是修饰的farmer，则要与who重句中与takeS并列的方式了，则是用provides和milks了。
我比较倾向与选E， provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly修饰的是主语cows，要是用providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly， 那是修饰的farmer，则要与who重句中与takeS并列的方式了，则是用provides和milks了。
基本同意,,
我要問的是,,後面有each per year.,感覺上像是一直以來都是這樣子,,也就是說用現在式會比較好
A中的are producing這樣可以嗎?怎麼感覺怪怪的
E中用will produce這個未來式,感覺也是怪怪的,,
看來看去好像沒有一個正確的了
汗,才看出来,惭愧
这不是判E错的理由，E真正错在“provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly”夹心修饰，语法上修前修后都可以，所以……
我更倾向于A
不认为E存在这种错误，在大全中没有见过过去分词做修饰语造成的夹心修饰错误，一般只有现在分词和介词短语造成这种错误。
更主要的是，如果用现在分词，那providing 和milking两个动作就应该是keep them cool这个动作的补充了，而这两个词显然和keep them cool没有任何联系
顶一下 答案没定 还需要继续讨论
My 2 cents:
1. This is a "test" problem that will not be counted.
2. A: " For the farmer who ---, providing-----, the cows are doing-----each per year", both " providing " and " are doing" are not right.
3. E: " For the farmer who ---, provided with-----, the cows will do ----- each per year".
" will do" is better than "are doing", but " Provided" can be used for both farmer and cows, not very accurate.
Conclusion: E is relative better than A.
我不太懂, "For the farmer who..."這個分句到底是修飾誰的.
原本以為前面三個分句並列, 修飾主語 H cows, 因此直接排除了A, B, C, 看了樓上各位的解釋之後發現, 假如"for the farmer who..."是狀語前置, 也就是"H cows produce XXX milk each year for the farmer who..."的話, 那麼我就覺得A對了...
請指教....
倾向于E。
这里似乎有点条件句(if A happens, B will happen)的感觉，(if they were )provided with.....and milked regularly, H will produce.所以E的时态不是问题。
改选D
从each per year 看说明是一头牛，另外2275 gallons 也说明只能是一头牛的产量，所以E和A中的cows 都错
支持A…
不过我觉得这题有点怪怪的…
因为each per year应该用现在式就好了吧??
A的结构是不是能简化成 :
For the farmer (who…), providing… and milking…, H cows are….
不过原题中,and milking前的 , 也不佳…
都被搞晕了…
支持E。这里过去分词应该没有歧义，至少不比现在分词更歧义（cows provide and milk?）。而且E比A简洁，A里providing them..., milking them...，them重复太多次。
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
milk each per year.
等于
Provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
同意楼上，支持E。
关于时态的问题，我认为用将来时比现在进行时更有说服力。
我们不是经常说：通过什么什么先进技术，产量将预计达到每年多少多少。是说得通的。
然而，产量正在每年多少多少。有点怪怪的，如果是这种情况，用一般现在时比正在进行时要好得多。
错选了A,感觉好象还是E好点...
Q12:
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed,
and milking them regularly,
milk each per year.
A. providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
B. providing them with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the
C. provided with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
D. provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the
E. provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
我觉得这道题的解题思路还是非常清楚的：
首先：从未划线部分For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool，them必须后指复数cows, 出现单数cow属于绝对错误。因此B/D错；
其次：C中的providing / milked 逻辑主语不一致，错；
最后：E中的provided / milked 是dangling modifier, 因为即可以修饰前面的them, 也可以修饰后面的cows。如果修饰them, 作后置定语；如果修饰cows则为分词作状语，它们在句中所作成分有歧义导致整句话有歧义。
而A中的providing them with..., and milking them.....,
1）明确修饰对象只能是farmer，而不能是cows, 因此逻辑意思正确；
2）虽然A重复them太罗嗦，但比起E的correctiveness的错误，这属于efficiency 错误，不能作为排除A的绝对理由。
SO，the ans should be A.
agree with upstair
今天刚做到这题,有些和前面不一样的认识,拿出来再讨论一下
错选了A,但现在觉得是E更好
E的结构是: farmer keep the cows cool, provided with, and milked ...
意思是famer保证牛们凉爽,有高热量的食物,并且挤奶时间规则,....
过去分词 provided, milked 和cool一样是一个形容词的成分
所以应该是三个形容词(短语)的并列
A:
1) 如果想构成并列,但显然无论怎么看它都不怎么并列,
要么是takes care to.. provides..., and milks...
或者to keep ..., to provide..., and to milk
2) 如果说后面的现在分词表伴随的话更加awkward. 因此A不对
不知最近有没有人在看这题
顺便B4一下ETS, 太狡诈
支持E。这里过去分词应该没有歧义，至少不比现在分词更歧义（cows provide and milk?）。而且E比A简洁，A里providing them..., milking them...，them重复太多次。
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
milk each per year.
等于
Provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly,
支持一下A
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,可以看出A选项和前面结合的不错
一个问题：
分词表示伴随状态，是否只用在修饰主句？修饰从句是否可行？
我想AE的区别应该在这里。
哪位N能解答一下。
同意anyname的说法，选E，providing分词才是个夹心饼干呢！them太罗嗦了
过去分词会有这种情况么？一般不会吧。
这题如果E是Holstein cows , 则E is best.
实际cool，provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly平行。
这题我也是挣扎了很久, 现在比较倾向A.
大家的观点是A的them多余, 但是我觉得却洽洽是这个them才避免了A的现在分词结构夹心修饰的歧义(这也是AE的区别之一), 从这点上说, A是符合避免歧义原则的.
反过来看E, 我也不是很确定过去分词是否会产生夹心修饰的歧义, 至少现在分词会, 不知道大家有没有关于过去分词夹心修饰而不产生歧义的例子举出?
一家之言, 大家讨论.
本来选了E,看了大家的讨论，还是觉得A中them避免了修饰的歧义，虽然句子还原不是太好；
希望考试不要碰到这道题！
这题如果E是Holstein cows , 则E is best.
实际cool，provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly平行。
这题如果E是Holstein cows , 则E is best.
实际cool，provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly平行。
什么意思？E已经是Holstein cows 了啊？是不是说D啊？
我觉得还是E好。
翻译：对于farmer来说，如果提供。。。。， 按时挤奶。。。。，那么NN可以。。。。
请教支持A的人，A怎么翻译呢？我怎么都不是很明白，For farmer who... 怎么可以和现在分词并列。
A. providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
A中如果是要代表並列的話 ","and milking them regularly這個逗號應該要消去..
支持E
1。同意楼上
A. providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
A中如果是要代表並列的話 ","and milking them regularly這個逗號應該要消去..
2。但是，之前有人提到them取消了歧义我觉得也很有道理
3。E中用will更好，忘记之前看到哪个帖子里说will并不一定是表示将来时
Used to indicate customary or habitual action:
经常，惯于，总是：用于表示经常性或习惯性的动作：
有没有想过A中也是并列哦
keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly
keep doing 要比keep done 更合适哦
Agree with 方亦秋，再加上自己的看法，因为句子主语是 H cow 所以应该用被动形势是牛被提供和被挤奶。
有个疑问？未划线部分有each per year 是指each cow 对吧？那么答案E 的H cow 还是 H cows 啊？
选E!不想了，记得老愈 说过，就算错，我也认了， 考试中自己思路的连贯最重要。
这题本来选A， 现在觉得E 是对的。
The right answer is A.
E creates illogical confusion that the farmer is "provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly". Farmer 定时被挤奶,呵呵,有趣!
A uses -ing to illustrate how the farmer keeps them (cows) cool - providing them..., milking them.... The plural nuns "them" will not create confusion with singular "farmer", and agrees with plural subjects "Holstein cows".
看了這麼多nn們的討論，A和E都有其缺點和道理，樓上說的沒錯，考試時還是要相信自己的感覺猜一個。
另外，雖然說本人一向鄙視用辜狗找答案，但今天手賤請辜狗大神找了一下，竟然找到這題的來源，一篇在闡述荷士登這種牛有多牛的文章(好繞口阿...)。貼出來給大家參考一下。
When it comes to milk production, nothing beats Holsteins. For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, sated with high-energy chow, and milked regularly—often under the management of a sophisticated computer—these familiar black-and-white cows produce an average of 2,275 gallons of milk each per year. The average Brown Swiss, in contrast, produced only 1,820 gallons last year, and a Jersey less than 1,600.
原文網址：http://www.sciencenews.org/pages/sn_arc97/10_4_97/bob1.htm
再次重申本人立場：google找的東西不能作為答題的依據，大家看看就好。
同意楼上的~~
E is better!
A的话, 用provides 和 milks 和 takes care 平行会更好!
I choose E,
tense in choice A is not correct, "are producing..." is no adverbial word/clause to back it up
其实我倒是不认为A或者E中有什么修饰模糊的错误，主要是A中的逻辑有问题：
providing and milking主语是farmer，那是唯一的可能，那么providing and milking就是补充说明takes care to keep them cool，但是逻辑上应该是不存在这个意思的。
至于有人认为A是平行结构，实在有些牵强，我承认有并列的意思，但是没有并列的语法结构。takes care to keep them cool, provide them, and milk, 这样A被选的机会就大了。
至于时态问题，E应该更加合适，表示前面那些是条件，后面是结果。当然如果使用一般现在时表示一种真理，那么就更好。
根据gmatclub的讨论，以下是句子意思的正确表达：
1）cool/provided/milked作为adj平行。
2）主句使用将来时态，是因为这是一个条件句。
This explanation convinced me.
看到这我已经彻底晕了！
同意楼上的！
根据gmatclub的讨论，以下是句子意思的正确表达：
1）cool/provided/milked作为adj平行。
2）主句使用将来时态，是因为这是一个条件句。
This explanation convinced me.
A!
if using adjectives to modify cows, "keep cows", "provided cows" and "milked cows" seem funny. Also "keep" should change to "kept" for the sake of parallelism.
In A, if we put the sentence in short, it will be:
For the famar, providing cows, and milking cows, cows are producing...
It sounds ok.
Also, in E, the first part of sentence uses present tense, 2nd part uses past tense, and last part uses future tense. The tenses are way too confusing. There's no mention of actions performed before or after other actions, so shouldn't use more than one tense.
A E都有夹心修饰的问题！
比较而言A好些！
因为A作了伴随！provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly 是可以达到cool的效果的，怎么会没有联系！
有结果了嘛？
我觉得是A，把who take care..,当作定语忽略，结构为 For the farmer providing... and milking ..., the cows ...，前面介词短语做状语，表示原因，这样整个句子更合理；E中，如果provided... and milked...,那么前面就只剩 For the farmer,语义不通了。
我只选A
偶选E 补充一下 觉得A中的are producing进行时表示一个事实,对吗?好象ETS不喜欢 继续讨论
从意思上来说啊~provide them with high-energy feed(food?), milk them regularly都是用来解释FARMER是如何take care to keep cows cool的. providing AND milking都是用来修饰前面整个词组的意思的.这样好象就不存在夹心修饰了,而且provide them 也可以排除了夹心修饰的可能了~
SO VOTE FOR A~
google了一下：
http://www.sciencenews.org/pages/sn_arc97/10_4_97/bob1.htm
When it comes to milk production, nothing beats Holsteins. For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, sated with high-energy chow, and milked regularly—often under the management of a sophisticated computer—these familiar black-and-white cows produce an average of 2,275 gallons of milk each per year. The average Brown Swiss, in contrast, produced only 1,820 gallons last year, and a Jersey less than 1,600.
人家也没用将来时啊？still confused，但可以排除A
剩下的只能选e了
我认为E比A好。
A中的providing...，and milking...的逻辑主语是farmer。可是开头用了定语从句，按理应该继续用定语从句更符合并列：who takes...,provides...,and milks...对共同的修饰对象，起相同的修饰作用，当然优先考虑相同的修饰方式。
E中的-ed分词就从“for farmer who..."这个小结构中独立出来，而是修饰句子主语cows。但同样的理由在A中就不成立了：因为-ing分词从句子意思上无法修饰主语cows。
欢迎大家继续讨论！
此题上次考遇到了，而且在前20题，不记得自己选的什么了。但是当时的感觉很不好，觉得自己怎么这么倒霉呢，偏偏遇上的是争议题。影响了心态。现在觉得，无论会碰到什么样的题目，坚定自己的立场，不至于影响心态（当然如果本来心态就非常好的NN则无所谓了），平时在复习看讨论的时候，也要仔细看，吸收大N的精华。
现在我要选的话，会选E。
google了一下：
http://www.sciencenews.org/pages/sn_arc97/10_4_97/bob1.htm
When it comes to milk production, nothing beats Holsteins. For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, sated with high-energy chow, and milked regularly—often under the management of a sophisticated computer—these familiar black-and-white cows produce an average of 2,275 gallons of milk each per year. The average Brown Swiss, in contrast, produced only 1,820 gallons last year, and a Jersey less than 1,600.
人家也没用将来时啊？still confused，但可以排除A
剩下的只能选e了
支持A
E把单复数变了 be动词也变了 意思就变了
支持A
E把单复数变了 be动词也变了 意思就变了
此话怎讲？我觉得逻辑主语明显是牛，FOR是个介词短语，后面的牛才构成句子主干，介词短语总归不能做正房吧
讨论都看过了，可是都不太认同
尤其是DE选项中的1）the Holstein cow和 Holstein cows
2）produces和will produce 得区别，不知道哪个是正确性哪个是有效性错误
Q12: For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
第一步，排除A，C ，因为用的是Holstein cows are producing ，进行时态错；第二，排除B，D，前面用的keep them cool，them 为复数，用the
正确答案只有E。
?
for (conjunction) used to introduce the reason for something
synonym-because
e.x.
I cannot tell whether she is old or young, for I have never seen her.
He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
for做连词表原因连接句子，所以provided;milked没有修饰歧义。
用V-ing就是修饰farmer，用V-ed则修饰cows，根据句首for the farmer，句子的主语应该是cows，所以用V-ed好。
另外，be doing正在进行时，后面接的是each per year，每年都正在producing不符逻辑
so，E
根据gmatclub的讨论，以下是句子意思的正确表达：
1）cool/provided/milked作为adj平行。
2）主句使用将来时态，是因为这是一个条件句。
This explanation convinced m
E!
http://www.sciencenews.org/pages/sn_arc97/10_4_97/bob1.htm
大家请看！
在某个地方看到有总结：them 这种指代词，在所指代的对象出来前，只能指代一次，不能多次指代，即不能出现A答案中的 providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly,
严格的说，E非常unidiomatic，这种表达很弱智
但没有办法，别的选项更弱智
我觉得这种题真的很无聊，在几个明显都不正确的表达里非要争论出哪个更好，结果肯定是众说纷纭。
所以，姑且就选E吧，把for结构单独分隔开，后面的那两个被动语态修饰主语cows，所以选E。
主要是这里的语序搞出来的问题。
原句中farmer是 状语的部分，
如果是A的话，我觉得provide和milk是不能把farmer作为主语的。 因为整句的主语在句末，是cow。
所以A属于逻辑没有指代。
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