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标题: 同位语和独立主格。。。 [打印本页]

作者: stellalights 时间: 2013-3-5 21:47
标题: 同位语和独立主格。。。
我看manhattan上说独立主格的基本结构是noun+noun modifier,而名词修饰语中包括从句，即有一种可能是noun+that从句，这个不就变成了同位语了吗？而同位语是定语，独立主格是状语啊，这个怎么破。。。。？

作者: stellalights 时间: 2013-3-5 22:34
不是说状语和定语不能随意转化的么。。

作者: DUKB24 时间: 2013-3-5 22:57
just group these two types of modifier into the same category：MODIFIER

there is no need to tell the difference between these two types，and you will not be asked to differentiate these two structures

作者: stellalights 时间: 2013-3-6 08:31
好吧~~

作者: 米恺儿 时间: 2013-4-8 09:59
四种修饰包括：定语、同位语、状语（独立主格属于特例之一）和插入语。
同位语修饰名词或者短语，必须对修饰对象加油解释力，在修饰名词前后。结构：1）n, n; 2)n, a/an +n; 3) a/an n, n; 4) the+n, n；5）n+that clause; 6) n, n(重复修饰名词)+that clause; 7)n, one/ones+that clause
OG 13 sc104
Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species
of the world's social wasps, wasps living in a highly
cooperative and organized society where they consist
almost entirely of females-the queen and her sterile
female workers.
(A) wasps living in a highly cooperative and
organized society where they consist almost
entirely of
(B) wasps that live in a highly cooperative and
organized society consisting almost entirely of
(C) which means they live in a highly cooperative
and organized societY, almost all
(D) which means that their society is highly
cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
(E) living in a society that is highly cooperative,
organized, and it consists of almost all

答案B，wasps+that从句做同位语解释wasps社会的特点。

独立主格在句首或者句尾，做状语，表伴随原因、条件或状态。独立主格不跟从句，只有：1）n+n.; 2）n+_ed/_ing; 3）n+介词短语；4） n+形容词短语；或者以上结果前带with; 最后句尾each型主格，each带以上四种结构。
Verbal 2 sc 75
Scientists have observed large concentrations of
heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters
of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the
growth of industrial activity there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with
the growth of industrial activity there
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of
industrial activity is consistent with these findings
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its
growth of industrial activity
(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings
consistent with the growth of industrial activity
in the area
(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with
the growth of industrial activity there

答案D, 独立主格finds sonsistent with是 n+adj.形式，表明伴随原因

作者: 小雨嘀嗒着 时间: 2013-10-12 15:34

怒赞！跪谢！神回复！

作者: songzhe_cn 时间: 2013-10-29 17:24

同赞！同谢！威武！解决了我的困惑！！！！

作者: turbo563 时间: 2015-10-10 17:12
威武，解决了我的困惑！！！！！

作者: turbo563 时间: 2015-10-10 17:37
发现个问题， Manhattan P84, The cat, a tabby raised on farm, took a nap.
下面解释说 a tabby 是 appositive, modified by a past participle modifier
看来有时候他们的界限也很模糊

作者: 天下无双啊 时间: 2016-1-19 04:03
Mark一下！

作者: minniecao 时间: 2016-9-19 19:25

Mark一下！

作者: OasisTseng 时间: 2016-11-7 09:27
牛哭牛哭
-ie.
独立主格依旧是种状语要与隐含的逻辑主语搭配合理同时符合状语的一系列要求

作者: danielsu 时间: 2017-6-21 10:00

Mark一下！

作者: suk1yan 时间: 2017-12-18 09:36

同意！

作者: Joyce74 时间: 2017-12-19 00:23
独立主格不一定是状语 OG18-675
From an experiment using special extrasensory perception cards, each bearing one of a set of symbols, parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine claimed statistical proof for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in the dealer’s hand. 这个题目中未划线部分的，each bearing one of a set of symbols ，就是each型独立主格修饰cards的。独立主格不仅可以修饰谓语动词，也可以修饰主语和宾语。这是在新东方上课时老师讲过的。

作者: Joyce74 时间: 2017-12-19 00:27
独立主格与同位语不同的是独立主格有自己的主语，而同位语要可以解释就近修饰的对象。n,SVO 中，同位语n要可以解释S 。同理， SVO，n中同位语n要可以解释O

作者: suk1yan 时间: 2017-12-20 22:03

D选项的findings有没有作为Scientists的同位语的错误嫌疑？

作者: suk1yan 时间: 2017-12-20 22:14
依然不理解，例如：A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them. 为什么这里会造成a law作为immigrants的同位语的修饰错误呢？ “A law passed in 1933....” 不可以是“immigrants....”句的独立主语，作说明原因的用途吗？因为这个法律，immigrants 发现....

作者: Ballwang526 时间: 2018-1-23 14:24

Mark一下！

作者: Titles 时间: 2018-2-23 20:52

Mark一下

作者: 水兼包 时间: 2018-7-25 15:38
但是有人也说同位语可以是 n.+从句

而且还想请问同位语能修饰前面的一整个句子吗？

作者: daisylol 时间: 2018-8-5 13:06

Mark一下！

作者: 前来围观 时间: 2018-8-6 19:15
感谢分享！

作者: 小运 时间: 2018-9-1 13:47

顶

作者: batgirl1441 时间: 2018-9-6 22:17

这里这个我认为是用了从句的独立主格，就是对主句做原因解释的。所以独立主格之后不能加从句，我觉得有待商榷，我看Manhattan没有说absolute phrase后不能加从句

作者: 1984NY 时间: 2018-10-15 17:20
Mark一下！

作者: 葱葱爱豹子头 时间: 2019-3-22 09:17

1 同位语本来就有n.+从句的搭配呀，像是概括性同位语就是abstract noun + that从句
e.g. The general tried to get his troops to retreat before being surrounded, A STRATEGY that ultimately failed.

2. 同位语应该不能修饰前面的一整个句子吧，prep07笔记里面写，同位语起修饰语作用，修饰名词、名词短语或代词，必须对其修饰对象具有解释力。

作者: Stillyuci 时间: 2019-5-26 20:39

Mark一下！

作者: Stillyuci 时间: 2019-5-26 20:41

Mark一下！

作者: AMBER513 时间: 2019-8-4 17:06
看一下！

作者: lisa001 时间: 2019-8-8 13:45

其实可以的，用一个概括性的抽象名词+that从句就可以对前面的句子作解释

作者: nickyyyy 时间: 2019-8-15 21:05

赞一个！

作者: MikaT 时间: 2020-1-6 04:58

太感谢了！回复棒！

作者: MikaT 时间: 2020-1-6 06:38

纠正一下题主的第二个 verbal 2 sc 75
D答案正确，但是“findings”+MODIFIER在这里不是独立主格结构，而是同位语appositives中的summative modifiers，可以参见manhattanPrep中Stacey的回答和GMATclub论坛：
https://gmatclub.com/forum/scientists-have-observed-large-concentrations-of-heavy-metal-deposits-83015.html]https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/og-verbal-ed-11th-sc-q-79-t1560.htmlhttps://gmatclub.com/forum/scientists-have-observed-large-concentrations-of-heavy-metal-deposits-83015.html[/url]
找到两个很好的学习同位语、独立主格的大牛回答：
https://gmatclub.com/forum/noun-noun-modifiers-the-most-versatile-modifier-137292.html#p1112971
http://www.beatthegmat.com/absolute-phrase-veritas-t278196.html

大概总结几个关键点：
1-独立主格absolute phrase的构造为逗号+noun+modifier，起修饰作用，注意修饰的部分包括主句的主语+动作
比如：The stars are in motion,some of them at tremendous speeds.
some of them指向主句的主语stars，整个独立主格结构表示了how in motion，即修饰了主句的动作。

2-同位语appositive的特征构造为两个noun或者noun phrase肩并肩、用逗号隔开，起解释作用
比如：Alexander Pope began his translation of theIliad, a workthat took him seven years to complete.

3-同位语中有一种叫summative modifier，是noun2（必须是抽象名词）指代前面整个主句
比如：RON上课举过的例子，I went to the bar with Mr. Smith, an outing that was far more fun thanstaying at work.
an outing（抽象名词）在这里指向了前面整个主句。

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