1.系动词前后主语和宾语要平行,形式和意思上都要平行 The bouquet of flowers was a giving of love. (bouquet和giving形式和意思不平行:具体名词不能和simple gerunds平行;逻辑意思也不平行)→→The bouquet of flowers was a gift of love. Upon being nominated, this politician represents a step forward in urban-rural relations in this country.(politician和a step逻辑意思不平行)→→The nomanation of this politician represents a step forward in urban-rural relations in this country.
12.IF……then……用法 if 现在时,then 现在时 if 现在时,then can or may. if 现在时,then 将来时。 if 假设(用过去时表示),then 虚拟语气(would……)。 if 假设(用过去完成时表示),then 虚拟语气(用完成时表示,would have done)。