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标题: OG13th CR77,64,50 [打印本页]

作者: mambabryant 时间: 2012-12-2 12:08
标题: OG13th CR77,64,50
50. One variety of partially biodegradable plastic beverage container is manufactured from small bits of plastic bound together by a degradable bonding agent such as cornstarch. Since onlythe bonding agent degrades, leaving the small bits of plastic, no less plastic refuse
per container is produced when such containers are discarded than when comparable nonbiodegradable containers are discarded.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?

(A) Both partially biodegradable and non biodegradable plastic beverage containers can be crushed completely flat by refuse compactors.

(B) The partially biodegradable plastic beverage containers.are made with more plastic than
comparable nonbiodegradable ones in order to compensate for the weakening effect of the
bonding agents.

(C) Many consumers are ecology-minded and prefer to buy a product sold in the partially
biodegradable plastic beverage containers rather than in nonbiodegradable containers, even if the price is higher.
(D) The manufacturing process for the partially biodegradable plastic beverage containers
results in less plastic waste than the manufacturing process for nonbiodegradable plastic beverage containers.
(E) Technological problems with recycling currently prevent the reuse as food or beverage
containers of the plastic from either type of plastic beverage container.

问：个人理解，这道题的argument是B产生的塑料废弃不比非B产生的少，所以强化此观点应该为B用的塑料确实比非B的多，我这样理解不知道可对？

64. Excavation of the ancient city of Kourion on the island of Cyprus revealed a pattern of debris and collapsed buildings typical of towns devastated byearthquakes. Archaeologists have hypothesized that the destruction was due to a major earthquake knownto have occurred near the island in A.D. 365.
Which of the following, iftrue, most strongly supports the archaeologists' hypothesis?
(A) Bronze ceremonial drinking vessels that are often found in graves dating from years
preceding and following A.D. 365 were also found in several graves near Kourion.

(B) No coins minted after A.D. 365 were found in Kourion, but coins minted before that year were found in abundance.

(C) Most modem histories of Cyprus mention that an earthquake occurred near the island in
A.D. 365.

(D) Several small statues carved in styles current in Cyprus in the century between A.D. 300 and
A.D. 400 were found in Kourion.

(E) Stone inscriptions in a form of the Greek alphabet that was definitely used in Cyprus after
A.D. 365 were found in Kourion.

问：本题的argument应该是有没有地震发生在AD365，B答案正确，但是C答案虽然是强调有地震发生（题干已经说了发生），但是也着实用了状语IN AD365啊，不明白。。。

77. Arecent report determined that although only 3 percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, 33 percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limitwere. equipped with them. Clearly, drivers-who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Driverswho equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for
exceeding the speed limitthan are drivers who do not.

(B) Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed
limit regularly than,are drivers who are not ticketed.

(C) The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limitwas greater than the number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors.

(D) Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more
than once in the time period covered by the report.

(E) Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.

问：D选项错误是否是错在哪里？个人理解为此选项只是加强了这个argument，但是并不是这个argument的假设？不知道可对，B选择如果drivers后面加个with radar detectors是不是更好，总觉得有歧义。。

作者: guotonghao123 时间: 2012-12-2 13:16
64题中，C项说most modern histories mention，但是大部分不代表全部。相比较B项来说，B项更加的有说服力。
77题的话，B项说被开罚单的人相比较其他人更加容易超速，这句话就证明了样本具有代表性，从而可以根据样本推出整体，也就得出文中结论了。

作者: mambabryant 时间: 2012-12-3 14:17
50和77还是看不明白，
77的话，按照楼上的解释，可以填补assumption这个空白，然后退出有radar的人更容易超速么？
还是想不通~~~~

作者: guotonghao123 时间: 2012-12-3 21:28
77题，条件：虽然装雷达的车辆占了3%，但是在所有的因超速而开罚单的车辆中，装雷达的车辆占了33%。结论：装雷达的驾驶者比没有装雷达的驾驶者更容易超速。单看条件的话，我们可以得出，装有雷达的驾驶者容易超速。但是，条件只是从因超速被罚单的人群中得出的结论，还有很多其他情况，比如超速了但是躲避了罚单等。而结论呢，是所有的装有雷达的驾驶者容易超速。因为条件中只是说明了一种情况所以说，要用条件推出结论的话，我们必须假设条件中的情况具有代表性，即被开罚单不是因为其他情况或者偶然情况，就是因为习惯超速才被开的罚单。

作者: abc791201064 时间: 2013-5-29 20:12
50 呢？、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、

作者: tutukova 时间: 2013-6-14 20:03
50的论点就是部分可降解的罐子不比可降解的罐子产生的塑料少（最后半句就是这个意思），所以为了strengthen这个观点，那就必须有能够进一步说明这个观点的理由，所以B是正确的，因为B说的部分可降解为了提高其耐用度必须使用更多的塑料（因为能够降解的部分只是合成剂，剩余的材料都是塑料，且合成剂的耐用度不高）。

作者: slgbond 时间: 2013-6-15 18:56
50题很简单，结论用了一个no less than的结构，在选项中，只有more than 这个结构，与它完全等效
不比他少（等价于）等于或比他多

作者: 刘小胖子 时间: 2013-9-9 11:51
50题，
原文中的argument是因为能降解的只有agent，所以biodegradable的不能比nonbiodegradable 产生更少的plastic refuse。
OG中解释给出的推理过程是 “In this case, one possible objection would be that the partially biodegradable containers might contain less plastic given that the container is made up in part of the degradable bonding agent."
如果biodegradable本身含的plastic少的话，那么biodegradable就比nonbiodegradable产生的plastic refuse少，这是阻碍原文成立的一个可能情况
因此把这种weaken取反就变成了strength

作者: ringo5 时间: 2013-10-24 15:46

guotonghao123 发表于 2012-12-3 21:28
77题，条件：虽然装雷达的车辆占了3%，但是在所有的因超速而开罚单的车辆中，装雷达的车辆占了33%。结论： ...

大神~~~~~~~~~~~~~好厉害的解释~一看就明白了！！！！！！

作者: stephanie7799 时间: 2014-3-3 21:12

guotonghao123 发表于 2012-12-3 21:28
77题，条件：虽然装雷达的车辆占了3%，但是在所有的因超速而开罚单的车辆中，装雷达的车辆占了33%。结论： ...

果然大神，通读了几遍就参透了！！！1

作者: 繁星夜空 时间: 2014-9-19 09:49

guotonghao123 发表于 2012-12-3 21:28
77题，条件：虽然装雷达的车辆占了3%，但是在所有的因超速而开罚单的车辆中，装雷达的车辆占了33%。结论： ...

谢大神！懂了啊~

作者: 小一fighting 时间: 2016-3-16 16:28
77题自己的一点理解：原文逻辑有跳跃，如下：3%的车装雷达探测，33%超速被罚款的车装有雷达探测装置---->装雷达探测装置的车比不装的更容易超速。这样看来逻辑链有一些让人费解。所以当逻辑链变为一下形式时，更加有利于理解：3%的车装雷达探测，33%超速被罚款的车装有雷达探测装置----->当超速被罚款是因为这些司机更加容易超速的时候---->才能说明装了雷达探测装置的车更加容易超速。标黄部分为其跳跃了的逻辑段。

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