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标题: 为什么没有人提问这个问题呢?og13-102yellow jackets [打印本页]
作者: lalapiao 时间: 2012-11-29 16:11
标题: 为什么没有人提问这个问题呢?og13-102yellow jackets
Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world’s social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers.
(A) wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of
(B) wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of
(C) which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all
(D) which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
(E) living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consistsof almost all
问题:C中的almost all females为什么不可以成为society的同位语呢?og解释中是说它修饰对象unclear,但是根据touch rule 它就是修饰society,到底为什么almost all females 会错呢?????求各位帮帮忙!!!
作者: lalapiao 时间: 2012-11-29 16:11
拜托拜托拜托啊~~~~~~~
作者: xohe赵 时间: 2012-11-29 16:21
首先你不能见一个名词接一个名词你就说是appositive.首先你得看这个能不能符合逻辑意思塞。在这里很明显,前面是社会后面是females。社会不是females
这里说的unclear what almost all females describles 的意思是,单独的整个名词在这里。悬空的 ,依据美帝国主义的语感,后面应该接点动词啥的····应该是这个意思。不对的话 请指教
作者: lalapiao 时间: 2012-11-29 17:11
unclear那个我是同意的,但我也不是很确定。对了,还有一个,就是同位语如果在句末,记得是说要修饰整个句子的。
那归纳下,就是同位语后面没有接着动词,而且是修饰最后一个名词,所以错误。。
还有,本来迷糊的,你这么一说,我就清楚了。
同位语,就定义为 A,B(B为A的同位语的意思即是说;B是A.这样够清晰,,你帮我看看有没有错,
谢谢你的回复~~
作者: xohe赵 时间: 2012-11-29 19:10
unclear那个我是同意的,但我也不是很确定。对了,还有一个,就是同位语如果在句末,记得是说要修饰整个句子的。
那归纳下,就是同位语后面没有接着动词,而且是修饰最后一个名词,所以错误。。
还有,本来迷糊的,你这么一说,我就清楚了。
同位语,就定义为 A,B(B为A的同位语的意思即是说;B是A.这样够清晰,,你帮我看看有没有错,
谢谢你的回复~~
-- by 会员 lalapiao (2012/11/29 17:11:19)
但是a phenomenon这个是个例外,是归纳的前面的整个现象···不是修饰前面那个名词
作者: yiqing2012 时间: 2012-11-29 19:48
C选项which和they都有问题,就不说了~~
这里根据就近原则,almost all females偏向于做society的同位语,但是语义上说不通:社会大部分是雌蜂。。。
所以可以做theworld’s social wasps的同位语(which从句和almost all females都是修饰wasps的)~所以OG上说修饰unclear~~
ps:同位语后面不能接动词,会变成run-on的~
作者: lalapiao 时间: 2012-11-29 20:38
就是两个独立句之间没有连词的那个么?记不清了。。
我想我和sohe想到的应该是要有从句跟着,不是谓语宾语直接跟上的那种。
作者: yiqing2012 时间: 2012-11-29 23:48
就是两个独立句之间没有连词的那个么?记不清了。。
我想我和sohe想到的应该是要有从句跟着,不是谓语宾语直接跟上的那种。
-- by 会员 lalapiao (2012/11/29 20:38:23)
同位语可以有n,n+that..,也可以有n,n,这个不是split点。。。
关于修饰unclear,这里语义上显然是要修饰wasps的,但是语法上更倾向于修饰society~
作者: abjure 时间: 2012-11-30 00:21
同位语有两种 from ron
COMMA + ABSTRACT NOUN is allowed to stand for the ENTIRE IDEA OF THE PRECEDING CLAUSE.
examples:
the coach tried to put 5 receivers on the line, a strategy that failed.
--> here, "a strategy" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of putting 5 receivers on the line.
X observed large concentrations of metals in the sediments, findings consistent with...
in this case, "findings" (an abstract noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of observing large concentrations of blah blah blah.
etc.
on the other hand,
COMMA + CONCRETE NOUN usually stands for the DIRECTLY PRECEDING NOUN.
compare:
i went to the bar with john smith, a consultant in los angeles.
here, "a consultant" (a CONCRETE noun) refers ONLY to "john smith" (the preceding noun).
i went to the bar with john smith, an excursion that was much more fun than working all night.
here, "an excursion" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of going to the bar with john smith.
作者: lalapiao 时间: 2012-11-30 13:48
同位语有两种 from ron
COMMA + ABSTRACT NOUN is allowed to stand for the ENTIRE IDEA OF THE PRECEDING CLAUSE.
examples:
the coach tried to put 5 receivers on the line, a strategy that failed.
--> here, "a strategy" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of putting 5 receivers on the line.
X observed large concentrations of metals in the sediments, findings consistent with...
in this case, "findings" (an abstract noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of observing large concentrations of blah blah blah.
etc.
on the other hand,
COMMA + CONCRETE NOUN usually stands for the DIRECTLY PRECEDING NOUN.
compare:
i went to the bar with john smith, a consultant in los angeles.
here, "a consultant" (a CONCRETE noun) refers ONLY to "john smith" (the preceding noun).
i went to the bar with john smith, an excursion that was much more fun than working all night.
here, "an excursion" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of going to the bar with john smith.
-- by 会员 abjure (2012/11/30 0:21:29)
很好的解释~~谢谢哈~
作者: yiqing2012 时间: 2012-11-30 15:41
同位语有两种 from ron
COMMA + ABSTRACT NOUN is allowed to stand for the ENTIRE IDEA OF THE PRECEDING CLAUSE.
examples:
the coach tried to put 5 receivers on the line, a strategy that failed.
--> here, "a strategy" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of putting 5 receivers on the line.
X observed large concentrations of metals in the sediments, findings consistent with...
in this case, "findings" (an abstract noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of observing large concentrations of blah blah blah.
etc.
on the other hand,
COMMA + CONCRETE NOUN usually stands for the DIRECTLY PRECEDING NOUN.
compare:
i went to the bar with john smith, a consultant in los angeles.
here, "a consultant" (a CONCRETE noun) refers ONLY to "john smith" (the preceding noun).
i went to the bar with john smith, an excursion that was much more fun than working all night.
here, "an excursion" (an ABSTRACT noun) stands for the WHOLE IDEA of going to the bar with john smith.
-- by 会员 abjure (2012/11/30 0:21:29)
给力!^_^
作者: nicole_keer 时间: 2013-9-25 15:45
想知道为什么A不对呢???为什么wasp不能consist而是society consist呢
作者: flhuihui1001 时间: 2013-11-14 16:00
A consist of B 的意思是A由B组成. 黄蜂由女性组成??女性还能组成点其他物种吗-。- 这个逻辑不对啦,它想说的是社会由女性组成
作者: dennis2k 时间: 2014-1-20 15:53
flhuihui1001 发表于 2013-11-14 16:00
A consist of B 的意思是A由B组成. 黄蜂由女性组成??女性还能组成点其他物种吗-。- 这个逻辑不对啦,它想 ...
刚好也有这个疑问呢,解释得很好!
作者: Sugarcanee 时间: 2015-10-5 15:57
E中 living修饰的是。yellow jackets? 不是就近修饰吗?还是有逗号就是修饰前面整个句子,没有才就近修饰,求回答!!
作者: loveflora1229 时间: 2015-12-11 21:40
我尝试回答一下:下面,部分摘抄自Ron,部分自己总结
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Ving/Ved做modifier, these modifiers describe, in some reasonably direct way, the previous action( previous clause)! 假如comma+ Ving 跟在一个clause后面,则不能modify a touching noun,但假如就跟在一个noun后面,则可以修饰一个noun(现在分词在句末时,无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语);当过去分词Ved在句末时,不管有无逗号,都是就近修饰名词; 当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词; 当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1)修饰前面紧邻的名词,2)向后修饰后面句子的主语.
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所以E中,首先living不是修饰touch noun(wasps),这个你也同意了。所以这个participle phrase modifies the whole previous clause and also applies to the subject of that clause(yellow jackets). 这个意思是,可以修饰的前提是living in a society......与前面的主句:Yellow Jackets number among the 900 or so....... 是有逻辑关系存在的:
(From Ron): one of the following is true: (1) the Ving action is simultaneous with, and subordinate to , the main action; (2) the Ving acton is a direct and immediate consequence of the main action.
Ron曾经举过一个类似的句子(我找不到来源了,凭印象写啊)
Tom ate three apples everyday, graduating from university. (INCORREC,因为吃三个苹果与毕业木有逻辑关系)
Tom studied very hard everyday, graduating from university. (CORRECT,因为好好学习所以毕业了有逻辑关系)
最后我们再回到E,living in a society......与前面的主句:Yellow Jackets number among the 900 or so....... 并没有逻辑关系,所以用Ving phrase modifier并不合适。
(碎碎念了这么多,还是觉得自己说话的逻辑好差,希望楼上能看懂吧)
作者: Sugarcanee 时间: 2016-1-5 16:04
谢谢童鞋。。。你为了解答我的问题写了这么多,着实感谢!是不是说如果一般来说都是与主句的主语保持一致的,但是当与主句有因果关系时,也可以修饰前面整个句子?
还有,我今天再读这题,感觉B确实比E好,因为它逻辑很清晰。而E中的And 前面和后面也没有很好的并列。前面是个living in the society,不是个句子。而后面的it consists of是一个很完整的句子。而且it 当时还想了一下才知道是指society 。不知道这样看行不行~~
作者: loveflora1229 时间: 2016-1-5 20:44
我怕自己回答不完整,建议你论坛搜一下一份prep2008—SC final edition,前辈整理的。在SC1中188题有Ving的终极用法,看完很受用。要是找不到你可以私信我,我发给你
作者: Sugarcanee 时间: 2016-1-5 21:05
找到啦~~!谢谢!话说你对语法笔记好熟啊。。。
作者: loveflora1229 时间: 2016-1-5 21:23
另外我想强调一点就是你说的主语保持一致,用ron的话来说,伴随的是主句的action but also applies to the subject.,不是说修饰主语,它是修饰整个action/ or the main clause. 不是说你看着这个Ving modifier与主语保持一致就是正确选项,重要的还是在辨别它的逻辑性。
living in the society既不伴随number,又不是主句的结果,所以不对。然后这个it,ron说过一般代词在GMAT中不会是一个绝对性的错误,但是假如你看到A-E的选项中有把这个代词替换掉的,请毫不犹豫选择替换掉的。(我就是Ron语录的搬运工。。。)
作者: 琳二 时间: 2016-1-8 23:36
天哪,我也是和你一样的理解啊,现在你想通了吗?求帮助?
作者: Sugarcanee 时间: 2016-1-9 10:41
哈哈,让你看帖不仔细吧,前面大神已经有解答啦~~快去看看
作者: 麦与法 时间: 2016-10-26 01:42
Mark一下!
作者: stephysit 时间: 2016-12-5 16:53
十分清楚 THX
作者: stephysit 时间: 2016-12-5 16:58
原来这么直白。。还以为会根据上下文自己推断出 they指代的是wraps 然后wraps是(social)wraps
或者说 wraps由female(wraps)组成 会不会是省略呢
THX
作者: stephysit 时间: 2016-12-5 17:05
表示真的十分受用啊啊啊 决定抄进曼哈顿笔记上!!!!!THX!
作者: GMAT要上700 时间: 2017-8-18 20:31
哈哈哈,棒棒棒
作者: chenye666 时间: 2017-10-2 18:41
同意!
作者: xfnlll 时间: 2017-10-29 11:04
Wo我晕了,我怎么沒有找到句子的谓语?求指教
作者: 困难来了别昏倒 时间: 2017-10-29 17:58
感谢分享!
作者: 几许VV 时间: 2018-11-2 21:51
很受用,感谢!
作者: Jasmine0_0 时间: 2019-5-16 14:36
Mark一下!
作者: Jasmine0_0 时间: 2019-5-16 14:55
Yellow jackets number among the 900……谓语就是number哟~
number虽然常用作名词,但是它也可以做动词,作动词时意思是:vi. 计入;总数达到。
其实有时候对于这种谓语动词,即使之前不知道,做题的时候也可以分析猜测出来,留个心眼就得,有些名词可能有动词词性。
作者: 柯柯 时间: 2020-4-17 16:37
Mark一下!
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