OG-190与GWD-8-12的比较 - ChaseDream

Manufacturers of mechanical pencils make most of their profit on pencil leads rather than on the pencils themselves. The Write Company, which cannot sell its leads as cheaply as other manufacturers can, plans to alter the design of its mechanical pencil so that it will accept only a newly designed Write Company lead, which will be sold at the same price as the Write Company’s current lead.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the Write Company’s projection that its plan will lead to an increase in its sales of pencil lead?

(A) First-time buyers of the mechanical pencils tend to buy the least expensive mechanical pencils available.

(B) Annual sales of mechanical pencils are expected to triple over the next five years.

(D) A rival manufacture recently announced similar plans to introduce a mechanical pencil that would accept only the leads produced by that manufacturer.

(E) In extensive text marketing, mechanical-pencil users found the new Write Company pencil markedly superior to other mechanical pencils they had used.

The passage presents difficulties the Write Company has in selling pencil leads and making a profit, and then presents a plan the company has: to produce a pencil that will accept only a special lead of the company’s own. You are asked to find something that supports the company’s projection that its sales of pencil leads will increase as a result.

Choice E is he best answer since the evident superiority of the redesigned pencil gives consumers an incentive to buy it. Once consumers have bought the pencil, sales of the special leads for it will follow, so the company’s sales of lead are likely to increase.

Choice A provides no support for the company’s projection, since there is no indication that the company’s redesigned pencil will be very inexpensive. Choice B implies that sales of pencil leads will increase in general, but gives no indication that the Write Company’s sales will increase, and in particular it gives no indication that the particular plan that the company has adopted will cause its sales to increase. The plan as described is to sell the special leads at the same price as current leads, so even if the study described in choice C proves successful, the most that could be achieved would be an increase in profits, not in sales. With respect to choice D, the fact that another manufacturer is considering the same strategy does not help answer the question at issue here-whether this will be a successful strategy for the Write Company-and thus gives no support to the company’s projection.

GWD-8-Q12:

A certain automaker aims to increase its market share by deeply discounting its vehicles’ prices for the next several months. The discounts will cut into profits, but because they will be heavily advertised the manufacturer hopes that they will attract buyers away from rival manufacturers’ cars. In the longer term, the automaker envisions that customers initially attracted by the discounts may become loyal customers.

In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?

A. Whether the automaker’s competitors are likely to respond by offering deep discounts on their own products

B. Whether the advertisements will be created by the manufacturer’s current advertising agency

C. Whether some of the automaker’s models will be more deeply discounted than others

D. Whether the automaker will be able to cut costs sufficiently to maintain profit margins even when the discounts are in effect

E. Whether an alternative strategy might enable the automaker to enhance its profitability while holding a constant or diminishing share of the market[A]

With respect to choice D, the fact that another manufacturer is considering the same strategy does not help answer the question at issue here-whether this will be a successful strategy for the Write Company-and thus gives no support to the company’s projection.

说明D的竞争者采用相同策略与结论 W采用的计划能否促使铅笔辛的销售增加无关

为何两者不同一个是无关一个是答案是因为结论不同呢我没读出来还是因为其它什么原因呢

190：铅笔制造商的利润主要来自铅笔芯而非铅笔本身，TW公司的铅笔芯比其它公司的贵，TW公司计划改变他们的铅笔设计让他们的铅笔只能用这些新设计的铅笔芯，新的铅笔芯和以前的TW公司的价格是一样的。

这里面的问题是以前TW公司的铅笔能接受其它公司的铅笔芯，而他们自己的铅笔芯又比较贵，所以可能的情况就是客户买他们的铅笔而不买他们的铅笔芯，他们计划只能用它们的铅笔芯后，只要他们铅笔的销量和以前一样或者比一前好，他们的铅笔芯的销量必然上涨。跟竞争者是否采取相同的策略无关。

8－12不一样的，汽车制造商吸引客户的方法靠打折。如果竞争对手也打折，那么他们的价格就不具备吸引力了。

这里面有个关键信息就是TW公司的铅笔芯比其它公司的贵，所以在默认情况下客户会买其它公司的铅笔芯，因此我们假设原来买TW铅笔的用户和买其它铅笔的用户都是主要购买其它公司的铅笔芯，现在的情况就变成了买TW铅笔的用户必须购买TW的铅笔芯，所以只要TW的铅笔销量没有下降，TW公司的铅笔芯的销量自然就会上涨。

其它公司使用相同的策略也只不过是让原来使用他们其它公司的铅笔芯继续使用其它的铅笔芯。除非原文提供的信息是TW公司的铅笔芯比其它公司的便宜，客户会优先购买TW公司的铅笔芯。那样倒是有影响了。

一个市场份额有限一个公司采用这样的措施另一个公司也采用势必要影响市场份额所以我认为D还是会影响结论

关键是看清问的是什么，结论是什么；OG190说结论是 its plan will lead to an increase in its sales of pencil lead，问题是加强。

D说有个公司仿效；是呀，仿效又怎么；仿效的结果，还是你生产的笔芯跟我生产的笔芯不一样了，那么目标消费者都不一样了，还竟个什么争啊？是影响不到我的公司的。

190 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the Write Company’s projection that its plan will lead to an increase in its sales of pencil lead?

In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim: customers initially attracted by the discounts may become loyal customers.

C. Whether some of the automaker’s models will be more deeply discounted than others

LOR:想通过降价从对手那里吸引顾客从而提高市场份额。问ACCESSMENT
A. Whether the automaker’s competitors are likely to respond by offering deep discounts on their own products PERFECT 对手如果也这么做那么该公司有可能不能从对手那里吸引客户
B.the advertisements无关
C.some of the automaker’s models than others 无关即使该公司能够在某些型号上大降价，那又如何？原来是对手的客户就转而买你的商品了么？
D.cut costs sufficiently to maintain profit margins无关
E.an alternative strategy无关

Over the past five years, the price gap between name-brand cereals and less expensive store-brand cereals has become so wide that consumers have been switching increasingly to store brands despite the name brands’ reputation for better quality. To attract these consumers back, several manufacturers of name-brand cereals plan to narrow the price gap between their cereals and store brands to less than what it was five years ago.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the likelihood that the manufacturers’ plan will succeed in attracting back a large percentage of consumers who have switched to store brands?

A.Consumers who have switched to store-brand cereals have generally been satisfied with the quality of those cereals.

B.Because of lower advertising costs, stores are able to offer their own brands of cereals at significantly lower prices than those charged for name-brand cereals.

这道题我选的是C。麻烦NN们帮我看看这样的解题思路错在哪里？

In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim，我理解的目标不是扩大市场分额，而是用低价把客户争取过来后，这些客人从买便宜货变成royal customer 。也就是所谓的long-term ，我不明白的是这个远期目标是不是等同于问题中的aim？如果不等于，那从利润分析后的内容就等于全是白说，当然这也不是没有可能。但是仍然困惑中。。。。

以下是引用vivienvivid在2005-9-9 17:43:00的发言：

我选的是A,但说不出C是哪里错

C. Whether some of the automaker’s models will be more deeply discounted than others

请教N N

老大！当然C 不对了，C是内部比较啊。您千万别把OTHERS理解为别的竞争对手了吧，OTHERS是指该厂商的另一部分MODEL的意思啊，我怀疑您阅读理解错意思了。

first of all, the reason why I choose C is based on the understanding of "long-terms". and I supposed that if every car the company produced is on the same discount as the author mentioned in the argument, such a discoun will " cut into the profit ", it means that the company cannot make profit even if it can get bigger market share by such strategy.It`s why I chose C

As for the A. the author never mentioned that whether the competitior will offer "deeper" (we only can find "deep" in the argument) discount than our company. It is quite possible that the competitor will offer discount but less than "our"company do,right?

我想题中公司的长期目标应该是把用低价策略吸引过来的customer变成loyal customer，A中别的公司也采用低价策略，从而可以影响该公司的目标实现，而C中好象把目标换成了在低价策略中的profit，无关了吧

GWD-8-Q12:

In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?

A. Whether the automaker’s competitors are likely to respond by offering deep discounts on their own products

B. Whether the advertisements will be created by the manufacturer’s current advertising agency

C. Whether some of the automaker’s models will be more deeply discounted than others

D. Whether the automaker will be able to cut costs sufficiently to maintain profit margins even when the discounts are in effect

E. Whether an alternative strategy might enable the automaker to enhance its profitability while holding a constant or diminishing share of the market[A]

想问一下B为何不对，按题意不打广告的话就不能吸引对手的客户也就不能达到目的了？

即使把顾客都吸引来了,如果都是赔本生意的话,做一笔陪一笔,做一对陪一双的话,难道需要继续吗?

所以我认为达到了目标,也要可以挣钱吧.所以要看margin怎么样了?

有没有人出来指点指点，我也认为D 对啊？公司是否有有效降低价格并保证不赔钱的能力。

首先问题问得是 In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?

得要看清楚什么是aim (certain automaker aims to increase its market share)

要达到这个目标汽车生产厂家通过大降价的方式来吸引买家,这里的买家就是题目中所给(buyers away from rival manufacturers' cars), 显然题目中给我们的意思是购买者在一定范围内(时间空间)是有限的,需要个厂商间相互竞争赢得.

我想这里题目没有说这个问题的前提,但是我认为要有个ASSUMPTION的话 ,一定是题目中所涉及的汽车厂家间的定价能互相影响各自产品的购买者的最终选择. 总不能说吉利汽车公司和BMW之间比较吧

因此若BMW的话它对其下不同系列的汽车降价时如5系肯定要考虑大B的E系, VOLVO的S80, 凌志的GS系列等等是否会有相应的降价动作.

至于D 18楼朋友说得有一定道理但是在这里还是看题目要 aim是提升市场分额一开始使得利润减少甚至是赔本都没关系,至少对于题目中的这个生产厂商来说关键他们是要把顾客吸引过来, 从长远来看。成为ROYAL顾客之后,厂商肯定会或多或少提高汽车价格的, 或者减少汽车配置来弥补利润. 如果不是这样的话 ,那只能说真个汽车行业竞争太激烈,导致行业利润急剧下滑!

首先问题问得是 In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?

得要看清楚什么是aim (certain automaker aims to increase its market share)

这道题目，我做时虽然写对了，是根据有关无关最后只能选择a,因为paopao的问题跟我一样。后来我想到了，原文文的是扩大大市场份额，而og问得是提高利润，扩大市场分额不一定能提高利润。两个不同的概念。所以原文结论很重要。

以下是引用ethyl在2005-5-25 19:35:00的发言：

一个市场份额有限一个公司采用这样的措施另一个公司也采用势必要影响市场份额所以我认为D还是会影响结论

得这样想，你也采用，那你也成功，不会影响我的成功

关键是看清问的是什么，结论是什么；OG190说结论是 its plan will lead to an increase in its sales of pencil lead，问题是加强。

加强题是不会找他因解释的,而削弱的关键一条就是他因,范围是不同的

首先要弄清楚问题问的是什么--问题问的是In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?即要看清出公司这样计划的目的是什么！！！

然后回到原文去找公司这样计划的真正目的：即吸引更多的消费者，使其成为本公司产品的忠实用户！在这里注意真正目的是吸引消费者。

再去看选项，A毫无疑问正确：因为文中没有给出其和竞争对手产品质量的对比，所以我们不能过多猜测。但如果竞争对手也出台同样的销售策略，那么这个公司此计划的目的至少会受到威胁，也会有失败的可能。

而D选项可以说是无关了，因为此计划的目的是为了吸引忠实用户，文中没有给出公司考虑其利润的信息，所以无关！！！