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标题: OG13 SC 第72题~求解！！！多谢各位！ [打印本页]
作者: liujiawen104 时间: 2012-10-8 09:18
标题: OG13 SC 第72题~求解！！！多谢各位！
His studies of ice-polished rocks in his Alpine homeland, far outside the range of present-day glaciers, led Louis Agassiz in 1837 to propose the concept of an age in which great ice sheets had existed in now currently temperate areas.
(A) in which great ice sheets had existed in nowcurrently temperate areas
(B) in which great ice sheets existed in what are now temperate areas
(C) when great ice sheets existed where there were areas now temperate
(D) when great ice sheets had existed in current temperate areas
(E) when great ice sheets existed in areas now that are temperate
答案是B，但是我选的D
看了OG的解释，还是不明白为什么不能用had existed？这不是在那人提出观点前已经存在了吗？发生在led之前，过去的过去？
还有就是为什么不能用current，必须要用currently？
多谢大家指导！
作者: DUKB24 时间: 2012-10-8 09:31
We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.
In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful. "led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However, "existed" isn't related to "led";
it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.
quote：
more knowledge on past perfect：
note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:
1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR
2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.
for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.
before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping
--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.
however, if the context of the sentence clearly IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.
作者: liujiawen104 时间: 2012-10-16 13:58
We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.
In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful.
"led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However,
"existed" isn't related to "led"; it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.
quote：
more knowledge on past perfect：
note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:
1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR
2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.
for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.
before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping
--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.
however, if the context of the sentence clearly
IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.
-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2012/10/8 9:31:01)
作者: waytous 时间: 2013-1-12 12:07
We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.
In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful.
"led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However,
"existed" isn't related to "led"; it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.
quote：
more knowledge on past perfect：
note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:
1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR
2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.
for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.
before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping
--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.
however, if the context of the sentence clearly
IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.
-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2012/10/8 9:31:01)
楼主的问题是基于D选项的，D选项没有出现are now...的词汇，所以没有体现出exist是应该和当前对比而决定时态。D选项中，不能用had existed 和主句里led照应吗？
此外，楼主还有第二个问题，为什么一定要用currently，current不行？
谢版主，我跟楼主有同样问题，所以在此多啰嗦两句。多谢
作者: DUKB24 时间: 2013-1-12 21:10
now的问题不是关键
还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一条线上的两个不同点
这里led和existed是没有关系的，恐龙存在和谁激发了科学家的发现是没有必然的联系的，是两条时间线，而不是一条线上的两个点
至于current的问题
假设是current就会有歧义
current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas？
currently的话就只能当做副词去修饰temperate
没有歧义
作者: waytous 时间: 2013-1-13 09:23
谢了！有道理
作者: kiwifoodtown 时间: 2013-1-14 09:32
版主解释很详细。
作者: dingdanghelene 时间: 2013-3-21 12:48
版主&一起讨论的大家好呀~我还是有些模模糊糊的~
请问current （temperate areas），可以理解成冰盖存在于“现在的温带地区”current （temperate areas）——指一个地方，或者理解成冰盖存在于“现在的和温带地区”current and temperate areas——指两个不同的地方，俺这么理解对吗？
谢谢！
now的问题不是关键
还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在
一条线上的两个不同点
这里led和existed是没有关系的，恐龙存在和谁激发了科学家的发现是没有必然的联系的，是两条时间线，而不是一条线上的两个点
至于current的问题
假设是current就会有歧义
current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas？
currently的话就只能当做副词去修饰temperate
没有歧义
-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2013/1/12 21:10:52)
作者: 小白出国 时间: 2013-6-4 02:02
版主解释精辟。多谢。
作者: 小白出国 时间: 2013-6-4 02:12
DUKB24 发表于 2013-1-12 21:10 
now的问题不是关键还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一 ...
楼主，我同意你的观点。但是： current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas 这个意思上不是模糊的。 current （temperate areas） 这个结构，adj adj n两个adj都是形容n的，因为adj不能形容adj。
而currently temperate n这个是 adv形容adj， adj 形容N。 因为adv不能形容名词，代词。这个我从manhatten看到的。这里我认为选B 因为逻辑含义应该是 （现在温度）的地区. 所以应该用后者。
作者: DUKB24 时间: 2013-6-4 08:47
小白出国 发表于 2013-6-4 02:12
楼主，我同意你的观点。但是： current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas 这个意思上 ...
nope
在GMAT的语法规则中，这个adj adj n的结构一般是模糊的
一定会有不同的选项结构是：ADV+ADJ+N
这是GMAT的语法规则
普通的写作中adj+adj+n完全没有问题的
作者: 小白出国 时间: 2013-6-4 10:38
我多做点题，体会一下。谢谢版主。
作者: 洗头发的水 时间: 2013-7-2 14:59
遇到了同样的，问题，看了解释懂了，多谢！
作者: wudchun 时间: 2013-7-31 16:20
解释清晰~~~
作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-7-31 21:19
请问楼主在那里看到的只能用currently? 可否贴一下呢
作者: cutey3 时间: 2013-10-16 20:53
DUKB24 发表于 2013-1-12 21:10
now的问题不是关键还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一 ...
不在一条时间轴上,终于理解了!
太感谢了!
作者: nan_92 时间: 2013-12-8 10:43
enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-31 21:19
请问楼主在那里看到的只能用currently? 可否贴一下呢
OG的解释 current should be currently
作者: nan_92 时间: 2013-12-8 10:51
明白语法 但有没有人解释一下 这句话的逻辑关系？简单来说 我真没看懂这句话前后两句的因果
作者: lyly85777 时间: 2014-5-9 03:39
刚做到这题万分感谢！！
另外想问下这里AGE是用IN WHICH和WHEN都可以吗？谢谢！！！
作者: zincgirl 时间: 2014-9-10 16:10
谢谢谢谢！
作者: Evelyn_ho 时间: 2015-6-8 08:01
突然觉得这个题目其实可以不用想那么多（因为我翻了一下曼哈顿的书，发现其实没必要多一个概念：是否在同一时间轴上）。因为gmat偏好简洁，这里是描述客观事实，不需要强调时间的顺序，曼哈顿第五版chapter7 p109那里的例子说得很清楚
joe learned about an epoch in which dinosaurs had walked the earth (×)
joe learned about an epoch in which dinosaurs walked the earth. (√）
作者: luckydogliuyang 时间: 2015-8-4 16:36
我想问一下为什么B选项中用的是WHAT而不是where?E选项仅仅是因为now的位置不正确？
作者: nancyyen 时间: 2015-9-13 11:46
明白了!如何用过去完成时!感谢前人们!
作者: 发动机 时间: 2015-9-22 20:52
请问一下，过去完成时有一种用法是表示过去的一段持续的一段时间，比如：The band U2 was just one of many new groups on the rock music scene in the early 1980's, but less than 10 years later, U2 HAD fully eclipsed its early rivals in the pantheon pf popular music. 那在这题里面，为什么冰川持续的一段时间不能用过去完成时呢？
作者: 发动机 时间: 2015-9-22 21:07
谢谢你的回答～
作者: 700700gao 时间: 2015-12-14 11:10
看了楼主的解释 豁然开朗
作者: elusive 时间: 2016-2-19 05:14
had done 时用来区分过去发生的两件事的先后顺序，也就是过去两个动作的先后，因为D中只有一个动作，所以没有用过去完成时态的理由。这里反而用过去时态最好因为题目是在说过去发生了什么而不是在说过去的过去在发生什么。
不用想的那么复杂，考试的时候遇到had done就像成过去的过去在发生什么。
第一个过去=过去时态did，第二的过去=故去完场时态had done.
作者: 一只酵母君 时间: 2016-5-26 19:34
thx
作者: 跆拳九段31 时间: 2016-7-14 16:32
帮助很大！学习了！
作者: Violet1993 时间: 2016-8-25 11:20
but less than 10 years later, U2 had fully eclipse its early rivals in the pantheon of popular music,
这个句子有一个time marker 就是10 years，这句话翻译过来是，『还没到十年，U2就完全超过了它的对手』，early 1980's 的十年后是一个过去时间，在1980's-10 years 之间就是过去的过去了。
作者: CHERRY_MA 时间: 2016-9-29 21:49
哪位nn能解释一下E吗？不是很明白为什么now一定要放在are后面
作者: Lonely√3 时间: 2016-10-4 07:54
B为什么是what are now 为什么用 waht啊？
作者: 御寒 时间: 2017-1-12 23:15
E中now that有歧义，因为now that本身是一个短语，“既然／由于”的意思；B中what=place that...没毛病
作者: 啊喂我是蚊子 时间: 2018-7-18 16:00
请问这里C的wordy具体是什么呀？
作者: 啊喂我是蚊子 时间: 2018-7-18 16:01
in what=where
作者: happychaser 时间: 2019-10-5 08:35
Mark一下！
作者: 兔子要zzz 时间: 2020-2-13 17:39
好贴 谢谢前辈们的讨论
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