GWD-9-Q9 to GWD-9-Q11:
Among the myths taken as
fact by the environmental managers
of most corporations is the
Line belief that environmental regula-
(5) tions affect all competitors in
a given industry uniformly. In
reality, regulatory costs—and
therefore compliance—fall
unevenly, economically disad-
(10) vantaging some companies and
benefiting others. For example,
a plant situated near a number
of larger noncompliant competitors
is less likely to attract the
(15) attention of local regulators than
is an isolated plant, and less
attention means lower costs.
Additionally, large plants can
spread compliance costs such
(20) as waste treatment across a
larger revenue base; on the other
hand, some smaller plants may
not even be subject to certain
provisions such as permit or
(25) reporting requirements by virtue
of their size. Finally, older production
technologies often
continue to generate toxic wastes
that were not regulated when the
(30 ) technology was first adopted.
New regulations have imposed
extensive compliance costs on
companies still using older
industrial coal-fired burners that
(35) generate high sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide outputs, for
example, whereas new facilities
generally avoid processes that
would create such waste pro-
(40) ducts. By realizing that they
have discretion and that not all
industries are affected equally
by environmental regulation,
environmental managers can
(45) help their companies to achieve
a competitive edge by anticipating
regulatory pressure and
exploring all possibilities for
addressing how changing regula-
(50) tions will affect their companies
specifically.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-9-Q10:
According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?
A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.
B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs.
C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.
D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.
E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are sometimes adopted despite their acknowledged environmental hazards.
根据红色部分，我选了B, 答案是A,现在仍不理解，请大家帮助讲解一下
imposed extensive compliance costs和no longer permitted to produce可不是一码事啊。不仅意思不同，而且相反啊。
小心！ETS总是暗藏杀机啊。
不过，我觉得A在文章中无，而C是楼主VV所引句子的改写，应该C是答案啊。拿不准，请大家讨论吧。
这是一个强对比取非题
New regulations have imposed extensive compliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products.
将转折后的内容取非就是A
而且和文章的主题相关
wayne，我是这样想的，文章说regulatory cost fall unevenly, 然后举了三种情况，第三种情况就是这里的因为技术而产生的不公平，在排放物并未受到管制，老技术被采用；新规范开始对排放物进行管制，同时就有了新技术可以避免这种排放物。这里就因为技术的采用而产生了不公平，使用老技术的企业当然compliance cost会比较高。
那么如果在现行规范下，老技术可以减少这些废弃物的话（对A取非），那不公平从何产生呢？
而C我觉得和这段的论证没什么关系，而且C的表述我总觉得很奇怪，为什么说是这些废弃物impose high compliance costs, 应该是new regulation impose才对啊
我认为这是一个基本事实题，According to the passage, which of the following statements about ... is true?这种提问方式一般要从文中找出内容并进行改写。而sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs也给出了定位。
将whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products对比取非，得到的是老办法可能不能彻底避免生产废物，这预示两种可能： 一是如选项A所示老办法不能通过改造来减少废物，另一是老办法可能通过改造来减少废物但不能彻底根治。所以，我不认为文中内容与答案A存在强对比取非关系。
我同意mage对文章架构及对第三种情况的分析。但任何问题都会和主题有点关系，我们不能因为这一点而过分重视主题。在做这道题的时候考虑要表达文章的主题的做法，我认为，是有问题的。
不同意，A只是一种可能正确的表述，但文章中并未确认，或者说文章中无。这在OG的解释中也经常是被确认为一种常见错误形式。
我认为，答案C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.正是New regulations have imposed extensive compliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products.的对应改写。而究竟是谁impose的问题，我认为一方是工厂产生的污染，一方是新规定，这两者共同作用而产生了high compliance costs 。
综上，我还认为C对。当然，可能有待进一步讨论。所以我不愿意来分析GWD的文章，说来说去，大家还是没有得到最终的十全十美的看法。不过也许这就是ETS出题的特点吧。
也许，我还没有明白mage的意思，请进一步明示。
谢谢两位nn的深入讲解。 我原来之所以选b,是因为没有理解一个词的意思compromising cost,想在理解了，我选c.
我虽不能像wangyu斑竹讲得那么透彻，但是我自己的方法和预感与他所讲的以下两点一致：
1。
我认为这是一个基本事实题，According to the passage, which of the following statements about ... is true?这种提问方式一般要从文中找出内容并进行改写。而sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs也给出了定位。
2。
将whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products对比取非，得到的是老办法可能不能彻底避免生产废物，这预示两种可能： 一是如选项A所示老办法不能通过改造来减少废物，另一是老办法可能通过改造来减少废物但不能彻底根治。所以，我不认为文中内容与答案A存在强对比取非关系。
vv, 偶们都是承蒙nns的阳光雨露雨露成长的小草
wangyu分析的有理有据，我已经开始动摇了，也动摇了我刚刚建立的一点作阅读的感觉，似乎我有一点过度思考。前两天刚看了小安的阅读法，他提到做细节题时用相关/不相关、一致/不一致迅速排除，不用回文章定位。我用他的方法作og得到了验证，细节题总能快速找到答案，以为取得了真经，不料还是误入教条
不知斑竹能否结合og帮我理清一下思路？
我觉得A不对.原文中只提到了"Finally, older production technologies often continue to generate toxic wastes that were not regulated when the technology was first adopted." 但从来没有说 older production technologies能(can)或者不能(cannot) 被adopted to reduce....换句话说,也许能(但有些plants不愿去做,因为开销比罚款还高),也许不能(所以plants就干脆不try,从而等着罚款).
我选C
C. '
Up
为什么我觉得这个题目选E呢？？
According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?
A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products. can not be adapted 不对，文章说不愿意，不是不能
B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs.
C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.
文章中说
older production
technologies often
continue to generate toxic wastes
that were not regulated when the
(30 ) technology was first adopted.
New regulations have imposed
extensive compliance costs on
companies still using older
industrial coal-fired burners that
(35) generate high sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide outputs, 是说regulation在这些老工厂上加费用，与c不同把
D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.
E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are sometimes adopted
despite their acknowledged environmental hazards.
E说明了老工厂不愿意换的原因，好像挺对的。
是不是请nn再讨论下？？？？
According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?
题目问的是根据文章就一定是正确的选项，但A并不能做到这一点
It is possible that older production technologies can be adapted to reduce the production of these outputs, but doing so would impose still greater expense than the compliance costs. So choice A is unwarranted.
Finally, older production technologies often continue to generate toxic wastes that were not regulated when the technology was first dopted. New regulations have imposed extensive compliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products.
(--> So new facilities know how to adapt changes to their production processes to avoid regulation costs) A is wrong
-->still using = still generate them
-->despite the high compliance costs they impose = imposed extensive compliance costs C is correct
GWD-9-Q10:
According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?
A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.
B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs.
C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.
D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.
E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are sometimes adopted despite their acknowledged environmental hazards.
我觉得C的意思不对阿,B好些
[原文]New regulations have imposed extensive compliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs
[C] Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.
个人觉得不能凭几个关键词的对应就假设这两句话等同
1 是说公司一直在排污（按照老的规定是行得通的），但根据新规定，则需要付high compliance costs ，言下之意是说，新的规定不再（像老的公司那样）承认排污是合理的[就是B嘛]。并没有提到公司明知故犯的意思，而更倾向于说公司不明白新的规定。
2 是说公司不管high compliance costs，还是排污，好像就是明知故犯的意思
还是没有明白(B)为什么不好,have imposed extensive compliance costs 到底应该怎样理解呢?施加了很重的顺从花费? compliance costs 是罚钱吗? 是不是等于说不让生产呢? 等于(B)中的no longer permitted to produce ??
not even be subject to certain
provisions such as permit or
(25) reporting requirements by virtue
of their size
| 欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.3 |