These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-will be at stake，and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding，a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.
红色部分在整个句子中?是什么作用?
杨鹏难句解读:可以理解成作者在with them are the chances.中省略了系动词are.
可是,with them 可以作are的主语吗??
the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars应该是chances主语吧
手头没有难句解读。是否正确请判断，仅供参考。
后来看了醋醋妹妹的帖，修整了我的观点，具体看后面的帖子
I read it by this way:
the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding will be at stake too with them(for this them, I prefer woman scholars)
or:
with them(for this them, I prefer woman scholars), the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding will be at stake too
These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-will be at stake，and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding，a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society. （5+）这些问题之所以带有政治性质，因为不可避免地，围绕这些问题展开的争论与其说是一种在客观冷静科研精神指导下对抽象问题的探索，倒不如说是一种学术上的权力斗争。在此斗争中，许多女学者——只是在现在才开始以众多的人数进入学术界——的学术生涯和职业命运将处于存亡攸关的危急关头，与她们相伴随的是对人文理解作出一种独特贡献的机遇，这一贡献则很有可能成为消除我们社会中所存在的性别主义的一股重要影响。
难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略、抽象词
解释：相信有不少同学在阅读现场看到这个长达10行，不算标点就有81个单词的庞然大句的时候，不禁心为之颤、色为之变、气为之短、胆为之寒。曾经有人把GRE戏称为God Read English，我们果然在这个句子中看到了“天书”的风采。
经笔者认真的统计，本句是一切英语考试中所出现的最长的句子。而值得一提的是，笔者自己当初在模考中读到此处时，却根本没有感觉到这个句子的长短，只是在模考结束以后回头看文章的时候，才发觉这个文章中的第三段整个就是一句话。其原因在于笔者当时已经对GRE考试中出现的阅读难句做过认真的、系统的训练，而经过难句训练的人在读文章的时候、既不看句子的长短，也不想句子的结构，只看句子的意思。其道理在于，他读过太多遍的长句子，以至于对句子的长度早已麻木，而且也太熟悉这些句子的语法结构，不用想就知道这些结构所表达的含义，这才是我们训练难句的最终目的。
本句的主句极短，难就难在从in the sense that开始到整句话结束为止的状语上。That引导的从句作sense的同位语，从句中的主架构还是前面曾经讲过的less…than…的结构，译成“与其说是…还不如说是”and后面是一个独立的介词结构，作者用它来强调女评论家的重要性。可以理解成作者在with them are the chances.中省略了系动词are.
意群训练：These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-will be at stake，and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding，a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.
这里的them严格来讲是否应与最前面的them所指一致呢，我认为应该是的，是指主句的主语These questions。而这样，这里就更清楚地表明，and with them是指：“伴随着这些困难，对人文理解作出一种独特贡献的机遇也将处于存亡攸关的危急关头。”这里chances的主语与the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars并列的从句主语。其实，按照原来的翻译，我们根本就不明白文章到底在说些什么吗。这里ETS告诉我们，them要一致，要通过它把前后的逻辑意思联合起来，因此，我认为，ETS不仅在此处考了基本语法，还考了我们的逻辑思维深度。
这句，我觉得，省略的应是will be at stake.这样更对称，也符合句意吧。
请指正
另外，几号的字体才合适呢。我一直对此问题很困惑啊。忽大忽小啊。
I agree with wangyu73cn that "will be at stake" is omitted. But I think them 指 "the careers and professional fortunes (of ...)".
"the careers and professional fortunes" will be at stake
"chances" will be at stake with "the careers and professional fortunes" (not with "questions")
BoatOnTheRiver，我还是保留我的意见。你这样理解后的句意是不是有点不对呀。
如果你坚持你的意见，给个理由先。：）
我觉得"them 是指many women scholors,是因为两点:
1."only now entering the ...."是一个独立成分,them仍应该修饰离其关系最近的"women scholors"
2.从句意上来说,我认为与女学者面临着为一个机遇也说得过去,
另外,请问什么时候系动词如are这种情况可以省略?? 最后一个问题,这种题目放在改错里算不算指代不明啊?
These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes (of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-)
and the chances [of these scholars](for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding，a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society) with them [--refer to "careers and fortunes"]
will be at stake.
I think the "careers and fortunes" and the chances go together. The chances will be at stake along with the "careers and fortunes" (of these scholars). If these women scholars do not have careers and fortunes, they do not have chances either.
请指正!
我认为，理解成省略或后置都可以，理解成后置，更符合英语的表达，对句子结构更清晰，更好；理解成省略，能清楚文意。关键是两者对句意的理解一致，就达到我们阅读的目的了。
至于them的所指，在改错那里就是经常出现的考点。我更愿意在一句话中把前后的同一个词看成同一所指，这也是ETS经常强调的，我也不愿违反ETS的规则。其实，在上面的讨论中应该有好几个对them不同的理解了，总体上说并不是关键点，即便忽略也不伤大雅，也未尝不可。
Thank you wangyu73cn. You are right, as long as our understanding of the sentence doesn't prevent us from answering questions correctly, we've reached our goal.
Just out of curiosity, I asked two English professors (both Americans) about this and they both said that "them" refer to the careers and professional fortunes. Well, since this is a long sentence in RC instead of a question in SC, maybe we don't have to insist that all the "them" refer to the same thing? Just me own thoughts.
I've learned a lot from you guys. Thanks very much :-)
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