3. Economies in which a high percentage of resources are invested in research and development show greater growth in the long run than do those in which resources are channeled into consumption. Japanese workers spend a higher percentage of their income investing in research and development than do American workers.
To grow as fast as Japan has in the past three decades, the United States must change the tax code in order to encourage savings and investment and discourage debt.
Which of the following, if true, tends to weaken the argument?
(A) Japanese research is more focused on consumers than is research by American firms.
(B) Class mobility, highly valued in American culture, is encouraged by a growing rather than a stagnant economy.
(C) Studies have shown that countries with high consumption rates prosper in the short run.
(D) Proposed changes to the tax code could involve strict limits on the deductability of interest, and increased allowance for research.（E）
(E) Because a decreasing percentage of the United States is under 40, an age when savings are traditionally low, the savings rate will increase without changes to the tax code.
没看懂，文章的一段和第二段没看出来啥关系？正确答案E也没看懂， 40是什么？
文章削弱得得方向为： change in tax code -> encourage savings
看E，40岁以下人得比例减少，因为其存款少，那么可以看出，四十岁以上人得存款多，同时其比例也是增加的，也就是savings rate 的上升与tax code change无关，从而给出 not change in tax code - savings rates，非因同果的削弱。
欢迎板砖。。。
开始我也没做对, 后来看答案才明白.
题干说: 高比例的资源投到research and development 的经济比高比例投资到consumption的经济增长更快.Japanese workers 投了高比例的收入在research and development 上.(暗示日本经济增长快)
为了和日本增长一样快, 美国必须改变tax code以鼓励savings and investment (对应research and development), 不鼓励debt(对应consumption)
答案E说无须改变tax code也可以达到目的.
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