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偶选的D，答案是B，based on 是修饰the Mochica 还是their own elaborate society，b应该改为basing吧，偶糊涂了，请NN指点。

"and they based it on their cultivation of crops such as corn and beans, the harvest of fish and seafood, and exploiting"

B: "based on" modifies "society".，是不是应该在based前面加which，否则逻辑主语就变成了the Mochica ，

There is a "," before "based on...", so "based on" correctly modifies "society".

怪怪滴，偶怎么觉得没有逗号才应该毫无疑问得修饰society啊？

没有逗号的话基本可以肯定过去分词是修饰前面的名词(排除做谓语的可能先)，有了的话存在修饰前面句子主语的可能.

1. Fifty-two percent of United States high school graduates go on to college, compared with Canada’s thirty-five percent and Great Britain, Japan, and West Germany’s fifteen percent.

(A) Fifty-two percent of United States high school graduates go on to college, compared with Canada’s thirty-five percent and Great Britain, Japan, and West Germany’s fifteen percent.

(B) Fifty-two percent of United States high school graduates go on to college; in Canada it is thirty-five percent and in Great Britain, Japan, and West Germany it is fifteen percent.

(C) In the United States, Fifty-two percent of high school graduates go on to college, compared with thirty-five percent in Canada and fifteen percent in Great Britain, Japan, and West Germany.

(D) The percentage of high school graduates in the United States who go on to college is fifty-two, compared with Canada’s thirty-five percent, Great Britain’s fifteen, Japan’s fifteen, and West Germany’s fifteen.（C）

(E) The percentage of United States high school graduates going on to college is fifty-two that in Canada is thirty-five, and that in Great Britain, Japan, and West Germany is fifteen.

based怎么能前面接个逗号就修饰逗号前的名词了呢?我做了这么多题就这个比较蹊跷.

而且D还有错,因为似乎没有base sth on sth 这种用法吧?一般都是作被动使用

the Mochica 以后面那一群东东为基础发展了他们自已的elaborate society？？？？

Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting other wild and domestic resources.

小蚂蚁，A . based on 这里如果是做动词和developed平行，才是修饰Mochica,但这里显然不是平行，而且平行要用basing on...这里应该是修饰society,省略了which was based on...。而且分词用逗号格开，一般是直接修饰前面的名词，很少跳跃。除非有逻辑问题才会跳跃修饰。不知道有没有回答你的问题？

1 ） based on 这里如果是做动词和developed平行，才是修饰Mochica,但这里显然不是平行，而且平行要用basing on...

2）这里应该是修饰society,省略了which was based on...。而且分词用逗号格开，一般是直接修饰前面的名词，很少跳跃。除非有逻辑问题才会跳跃修饰。

再想问一下，分词短语能不能在句尾作独立主格结构吗？？按你所说，是定语从句省略了which is ,那么这个which is 什么时候需要省略呢？？？？？？？？？？？？

3 ）又有个新问题，cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting，既然平行，为什么the harvesting 前面有个THE，而cultivating 和 exploiting前面没有呢？？？？

harvest的意思为：n.收获, 收成, 结果, 成果
而harvesting的意思只有一个：n.收获

A. based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting

B. based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of

原文應為 developed their own elaborate society which is based on...... , 紅字部分為對稱

C. and basing it on the cultivation of crops like corn and beans, harvesting fish and seafood, and the exploiting of

basing前面主詞為誰? Mochica or society 不清楚, 且it 指代誰也不清楚, 紅字部分也不對稱

D. and they based it on their cultivation of crops such as corn and beans, the harvest of fish and seafood, and exploiting

E. and they based it on their cultivating such crops like corn and beans, their harvest of fish and shellfish, and they exploited

难道based on 不是可是说成修饰society，也可以说作状语么。。。。。这不是歧义么

以下是引用lazyinbed在2008/12/15 5:23:00的发言：

看看大牛mm是怎么解释的,这个based属于情况1,是没有修饰歧义的

以下是引用tigercaiqun在2008-2-21 22:31:00的发言：

我的理解:

1.当过去分词在句末时，不管有无逗号，都是就近修饰名词;

2.现在分词在句末时，无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语；

3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"the phrasehaving been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentence unclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了. (另外在GMAT里,having been done的用法错误,应直接用done)

避免上述错误的方法:所修饰的名词在句尾用定语从句修饰--OG127正确选项B (而不用加逗号的现在分词修饰.其实分词是定语从句的省略形式,在句中无逗号分词(注意是无逗号的,有逗号的在句中有歧义)就比定语从句简洁)还有 OG120也是同样道理:修饰句尾名词,正确选项A用定语从句.E选项的句尾现在分词错误.

4.当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词;

5.当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1)修饰前面紧邻的名词,2)向后修饰后面句子的主语.

这种结构在GMAT肯定错,如果修饰某句主语,则避免将该分词置于以名词结尾的句后.避免方式:1)用定语从句/介词短语明确修饰对象.2)可将分词提到句首,所修饰主语及所在句子紧跟其后-->形成句首分词修饰句子主语.见OG179

6.在前面有多个名词如名词1+介词+名词2结构,而要用分词修饰名词1时,为避免歧义要重复名词1即用同位语结构:名词1+介词+名词2,名词1+分词.见OG208